Desarrollo de competencias en las enseñanzas de ingeniería mediante la participación en programas con organizaciones sociales. El caso de la Unidad de Emprendimiento Social, Ética y Valores en la Ingeniería

El principal objetivo de este trabajo es establecer un marco teórico en el estudio de las competencias transversales en las enseñanzas de ingeniería, derivadas principalmente de la participación en programas con organizaciones sociales. Haciendo siempre especial hincapié en la situación de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), la primera intención es identificar los diferentes escenarios que presentan las universidades para desarrollar este tipo de competencias. El segundo cometido consiste en detallar el trabajo que se realiza desde la Unidad de Emprendimiento Social, Ética y Valores en la Ingeniería (UESEVI), una iniciativa innovadora que surge en el seno de la E.T.S.I. de Minas y Energía en el año 2006, con el fin de promover el análisis y el debate sobre la ética y los valores en las enseñanzas técnicas. En tercer lugar, se plantea la estrategia diseñada por la UESEVI para potenciar el aprendizaje social a través de la herramienta del Aprendizaje Servicio; mediante casos exploratorios, se transmiten la motivación y el compromiso social a través de la colaboración directa con entidades cualificadas como la Fundación Tomillo o Las Religiosas de María Inmaculada. Por último, se presenta un formulario de proyecto con el objetivo de aplicar la propuesta de la UESEVI en todas las Escuelas de la UPM, como una alternativa de futuro para dar solución a los retos que plantea el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior

Superfoods: A super impact on health and the environment?

Given the current trend in superfoods consumption and the forecasts for their growth in the coming years, this article provides an overview of the three sustainability dimensions of the novel market, addressing consumers´ perception from a social and economic perspective, and focusing on their environmental performance. The review highlights the need for regulation and provision of well-designed information for consumers, among whom are segments that currently mistrust their health claims, which are mainly the motivating reason for consumption. On the other hand, the carbon footprint of superfoods production is similar to that of other conventional agri-foods, although distribution from the countries of origin and future changes to intensive and commercially-oriented production systems to meet demand could endanger this column of sustainability.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the KAIROS-BIOCIR project (PID2019-104925RB) (AEO/FEDER, UE). Ana Fernández-Ríos thanks the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spanish Government for their financial support via the research fellowship RE2020-094029

Aprendizaje servicio (APS) en la ingeniería

Aprendizaje-Servicio: Una metodología para el desarrollo sostenible y la justicia social.Unidad de Emprendimiento Social, Ética y Valores en la Ingeniería (UESEVI) – Actividades de la UESEVI.Hacia el Emprendimiento Social: Práctica de Aprendizaje Servicio – Descripción de la actividad – Experiencia Curso 2014-201

Adaptación de las titulaciones universitarias a los nuevos entornos sociales

Son muchas las investigaciones que desde hace años recalcan la importancia de la incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías y la tele-enseñanza en las universidades de todo el mundo. Sin embargo, la realidad es que la implantación de nuevas metodologías que aprovechen las ventajas de la innovación educativa apoyada en las nuevas herramientas tecnológicas se producía, hasta el momento, de una forma lenta y gradual. La nueva realidad a la que nos hemos visto expuestos debido a la emergencia sanitaria causada por la COVID-19, ha apresurado la incorporación de estas metodologías de una forma precipitada y se ha puesto de manifiesto la falta de recursos o formación que sufren las universidades para enfrentarse a los cambios acontecidos. Se hace evidente la necesidad de modernizar las metodologías educativas en la enseñanza superior para aproximarla a las nuevas generaciones y sus necesidades, implantando modelos más flexibles y que otorguen competencias transversales. En este trabajo se plantea una metodología basada en la utilización de las redes sociales como herramienta de apoyo y de unión entre docentes y estudiantes. Además, se explorarán diferentes combinaciones de software accesible, que nos permita extraer conclusiones sobre los pasos a seguir para una verdadera implantación de las redes sociales en el aula

The fishing and seafood sector in the time of COVID-19: Considerations for local and global opportunities and responses

This paper provides an overview of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fishing sector over the world, including several economic, social, environmental, and health challenges that the fisheries have had to face during the early days of the health crisis and some of them still continue today. These problems, in short, are translated into a decrease in seafood demand, loss of jobs, changes in food consumption habits, economic losses or increased vulnerability of the industry. As consequence, governments have been forced to implement regulations and measures in support of this sector. However, a positive aspect of the pandemic also stands out; the opportunity to transform the food system to be greener, more inclusive, and resilient against future shocks.This work was supported by the EAPA_576/2018 NEPTUNUS project. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of Interreg Atlantic Are

Energy systems in the food supply chain and in the food loss and waste valorization processes: a systematic review

ABSTRACT: The intensity in energy consumption due to food production systems represents a major issue in a context of natural resources depletion and an increasing worldwide population. In this framework, at least a third of global food production is being lost or wasted. Moreover, about 38% of the energy embedded in total food production is being lost. Consequently, the assessment of energy consumption in food systems, and in food loss and waste valorization systems, is an increasing trend in recent years. In this line, this work presents a systematic review, selecting 74 articles from a search of 16,930 papers regarding the key words "energy assessment food". The aim was to determine the current and historical trends in this field of research. Results pointed to a worldwide acceleration in trends since 2014, standing out in China and other Asian countries. Concerning the topics of the publications, energy consumption in the food sector is a research field which has existed since 1979. Moreover, the study of energy valorization systems using food loss and waste is an increasing trend since 2010. Additionally, publications focused on the water-energy-food nexus appeared firstly in 2014 and have grown exponentially. Moreover, life cycle assessment highlights as the most widespread methodology used.The authors are grateful for the funding of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the KAIROS-BIOCIR project (PID2019-104925RB) (AEO/FEDER, UE)

From the sea to the table: the environmental impact assessment of fishing, processing, and end-of-life of albacore in Cantabria

Cantabria, a small coastal region of Northern Spain, is one of the biggest producers of gourmet tuna cans in Europe. The fish capture in the Cantabrian Sea and the subsequent transformation in a local processing plant give distinction to this product, which is widely marketed in cans of 105 g of net weight. This work evaluates for the first time the environmental profile of the whole supply chain of this product, from fishing, processing, and waste valorization to inter-stage transport and packaging management in the end-of-life. To this end, the life cycle assessment methodology was applied considering primary data from the stakeholders involved in the supply chain and analyzing the seven most studied categories in this sector. Results revealed that fishing and processing accounted for the majority of the environmental impacts, while valorization and end-of-life treatments only avoid less than 10% of the burdens. The most important findings are focused on the high dependence on fuel use, identified as a hotspot in most stages although low compared to other fisheries, and on the intensive use of resources, especially sunflower oil, which contributes more than 70% of the impact on the global warming potential of the processing. This current framework forces the enhancement of the efficiency of a sector that attempts to engage the challenge of societal sustainability, by identifying the critical points and guiding policy makers on the path to sustainable development.This work was supported by the EAPA_576/2018NEPTUNUS project. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of Interreg Atlantic Area. The authors are grateful for the funding of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the KAIROS-BIOCIR project (PID2019-104925RB) (AEO/FEDER, UE). Ana Fernández thanks the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spanish Government for their financial support via the research fellowship RE2020-094029. We also want to thank the fishermen and those responsible for the processing plant for the provision of the data

Selección de la fuente de luz óptima en terapia láser de baja intensidad

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is one of the optical techniques applied to the treatment of different pathologies. LLLT is based on the photo-chemical and biological effects induced in cells and tissues when they are irradiated by an optical source. In this work we present the basic aspects of this technique and its applications, as long as the influence of the optical source parameters on the LLLT treatment. The choice of parameters like power, energy or exposition time allows light to reach different tissue depths. As a consequence the optical treatment can be adapted to the particular pathology we are dealing with

How to achieve the sustainability of the seafood sector in the European Atlantic Area?

Climate change, globalization or marine debris are on the spot of concerns for the most society. Particularly, fisheries are impacted by these and other issues. On the framework of the European Atlantic area, NEPTUNUS project (EAPA_576_2018) tries to provide opportunities for the transition to the circular economy of the seafood and aquaculture sectors by means of a consistent methodology for products eco-labelling and defining eco-innovation strategies. Furthermore, this project will provide key actions for resource efficiency based on life cycle thinking and the nexus water-energy-food, incorporating producers, policy makers and consumers in the decision-making process. This review addresses, therefore, the threats and challenges of the current Atlantic fisheries, the methodologies and actions to be face them and the expected results of the NEPTUNUS projectThis work was supported by the EAPA_576/2018 NEPTUNUS project. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of Interreg Atlantic Are