In vitro activity of telithromycin against Haemophilus influenzae at epithelial lining fluid concentrations

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Haemophilus influenzae </it>is one of the main aetiological agents of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of telithromycin against <it>H. influenzae </it>clinical isolates showing different pattern of resistance in comparison with azithromycin and clarithromycin at 1/4 ×, 1/2 ×, 1 ×, 2 ×, 4 × minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and to peak concentrations in epithelial lining fluid (ELF). The secondary aim was to determine the influence of CO₂enriched atmosphere on bacterial susceptibility.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Telithromycin showed high activity against <it>H. influenzae</it>, including strains susceptible to β-lactams (n = 200), β-lactamase producer (n = 50) and β-lactamase negative ampicillin resistant (BLNAR) (n = 10), with MIC from ≤0.03 to 4 mg/L, and MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀of 1/2 mg/L with susceptibility rate of 100%, and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) from 2 to 4-fold higher than the MIC. Azithromycin was the most active tested macrolide (range: 0.25 – 4 mg/L; MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀: 1/2 mg/L), comparable to telithromycin, while clarithromycin showed the highest MICs and MBCs (range: 0.25 – 8 mg/L; MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀: 2/8 mg/L). In time-kill studies, telithromycin showed a bactericidal activity at the higher concentrations (4 – 2 × MIC and ELF) against all the strains, being complete after 12 – 24 hours from drug exposition. At MIC concentrations, at ambient air, bactericidal activity of telithromycin and azithromycin was quite similar at 12 hours, and better than that of clarithromycin. Besides, telithromycin and clarithromycin at ELF concentrations were bactericidal after 12 hours of incubation for most strains, while 24 hours were needed to azithromycin to be bactericidal. Incubation in CO₂significantly influenced the MICs and MBCs, and only slightly the <it>in vitro </it>killing curves.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Telithromycin showed an <it>in-vitro </it>potency against <it>H. influenzae </it>comparable to azithromycin, with an <it>in-vitro </it>killing rate more rapid and superior to clarithromycin at 2X-MIC against β-lactamase producers and BLNAR strains, and to azithromycin at ELF concentrations against β-lactamase negative strains. Against all strains, MICs and MBCs were lower in the absence of CO₂for the tested antibiotics, showing an adverse effect of incubation in a CO₂environment. The <it>in-vitro </it>potency together with the tissue concentrations of the antimicrobial, should be considered in predicting efficacy.</p

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PESISIR BERBASIS TECHNOPRENEURSHIP PADA KAWASAN TELUK TOMINI DI DESA MUARA BONE

Muara Bone Village is one of the villages in Bone District which is located on the coast. Thus, some people work as fishermen. Apart from fishing, the people of Muara Bone have a number of jobs, namely: farmers, village officials, and small business owners such as Small and Medium Industries (IKM) Mie Berkah 99. This IKM has problems and constraints related to branding and corporate identity which are less attractive to consumers. The author and MBKM KKN students made initial observations to identify the deficiencies of the IKM. After learning about the problems with IKM Mie Berkah 99, MBKM KKN students helped the company's branding by making company logos, billboards, neon boxes, new packaging designs, and social media as a means of promotion to a wider market

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN PESISIR DESA LOPO MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN BENGKEL JASA REPARASI MESIN KETINTING

The aim of implementing this service is to improve the welfare of the coastal fishing community of Lopo village through the development of a ketinting machine repair service workshop. The methods used in implementation are lectures, discussions, questions and answers, mentoring tutorials, and direct demonstration practices. Implementation is carried out through initial observation, namely observing potential and identifying problems in the village and then determining solutions for the target audience. Through this service activity, it can be concluded that the activity has been successfully carried out by 1) Establishing a ketinting machine repair shop to serve the fishing community. 2) The target audience is able to practice managing a ketinting machine service shop independently after receiving intensive assistance from the service team. 3) The fishing community of Lopo Village is gradually becoming aware of the importance of regular machine maintenance as well. 4) The ketinting machine repair service workshop in the village will minimize machine repair time so that fishing communities' livelihood activities at sea can run smoothly

Low grade epithelial stromal tumour of the seminal vesicle

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The mixed epithelial stromal tumour is morphologically characterised by a mixture of solid and cystic areas consisting of a biphasic proliferation of glands admixed with solid areas of spindle cells with variable cellularity and growth patterns. In previous reports the seminal vesicle cystoadenoma was either considered a synonym of or misdiagnosed as mixed epithelial stromal tumour. The recent World Health Organisation Classification of Tumours considered the two lesions as two distinct neoplasms. This work is aimed to present the low-grade epithelial stromal tumour case and the review of the literature to the extent of establishing the true frequency of the neoplasm.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We describe a low-grade epithelial stromal tumour of the seminal vesicle in a 50-year-old man. Computed tomography showed a 9 × 4.5 cm pelvic mass in the side of the seminal vesicle displacing the prostate and the urinary bladder. Magnetic resonance was able to define tissue planes between the lesion and the adjacent structures and provided useful information for an accurate conservative laparotomic surgical approach. The histology revealed biphasic proliferation of benign glands admixed with stromal cellularity, with focal atypia. After 26 months after the excision the patient is still alive with no evidence of disease.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Cystoadenoma and mixed epithelial stromal tumour of seminal vesicle are two distinct pathological entities with different histological features and clinical outcome. Due to the unavailability of accurate prognostic parameters, the prediction of the potential biological evolution of mixed epithelial stromal tumour is still difficult. In our case magnetic resonance imaging was able to avoid an exploratory laparotomy and to establish an accurate conservative surgical treatment of the tumour.</p

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN IGNITION SYSTEM SEPEDA MOTOR PADA MATA KULIAH TEKNIK SEPEDA MOTOR

This research is motivated by the need for motorcycle ignition system learning media in motorcycle engineering courses, especially motorcycle ignition system material. This study develops learning media as learning aids according to the learning styles of Mechanical Engineering Education students who are more inclined to kinesthetic learning styles. The purpose of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of motorcycle ignition system learning media in motorcycle engineering courses. To develop and test the feasibility of the media, the method used in this research is Research Development, with a 4D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). The development procedure begins with (1) describing the initial state, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4) design validation, (5) design revision, (6) product manufacturing (7) product validation, (8) revision product, (9) final product, (10) dissemination. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, interviews, and questionnaires. This study produced motorcycle Ignition System learning media and the results of measuring the feasibility of the media with an average percentage value of design experts 89.15, material experts 90.76%, media experts 93.84, and user response 90.00%. The sum of the average scores of all grades is 90.18. The conclusion of the development of motorbike Ignition System learning media can be said to be very feasible to use

Penguatan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis Sociopreneurship Melalui Potensi Lokal Menjadi Produk Inovasi Unggulan Menuju SDGs

The purpose of implementing this community service is to strengthen community empowerment based on sociopreneurship through local potential to become superior innovation products towards SDGs. The location of the service was carried out in Salinggoha Village which is located in Walea Besar District, Tojo Una-una Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The method used is based on sociopreneurship, which is a business whose concept originates from social issues in the community through: (1) increasing awareness/attitude, insight/knowledge and community skills, (2) creating superior products and village innovation products that can help the community's economy, and (3) empowerment regarding the importance of forming MSME groups in advancing the village economy. The results of this community service activity are 1) Main Product of Coconut Oil Village, Salinggoha Village Originality, 2) Featured Product of Shredded Fish Typical of Salinggoha, and 3) Product Innovation of Crispy Banana  Blossom Chips. It is our hope that in the future the knowledge that we provide to the community can be well received and applied by the community so that later it can bring Salinggoha Village to a better direction

The Use of an Early Alert System to Improve Compliance with Sepsis Bundles and to Assess Impact on Mortality

Introduction. Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines, organized as sepsis bundles, have been shown to improve mortality, but timely and consistent implementation of these can be challenging. Our study examined the use of a screening tool and an early alert system to improve bundle compliance and mortality. Methods. A screening tool was used to identify patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and an overhead alert system known as Code SMART (Sepsis Management Alert Response Team) was activated at the physician’s discretion. Data was collected for 6 months and compliance with bundle completion and mortality were compared between the Code SMART and non-Code SMART groups. Results. Fifty eight patients were enrolled −34 Code SMART and 24 non-Code SMART. The Code SMART group achieved greater compliance with timely antibiotic administration (P<0.001), lactate draw (P<0.001), and steroid use (P=0.02). Raw survival and survival adjusted for age, leucopenia, and severity of illness scores, were greater in the Code SMART group (P<0.05, P=0.03, and P=0.01). Conclusions. A screening tool and an alert system can improve compliance with sepsis bundle elements and improve survival from severe sepsis and septic shock