INTERAÇÃO ENTRE UNIVERSIDADE E COMUNIDADE NA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DO ENSINO SUPERIOR: COMBATENDO RACISMO E PRECONCEITO NO INTERIOR DO CEARÁ

Introduction: This paper presents an experience report on a university extension project developed in 2018 at UNILAB, in the interior of Ceará. UNILAB emerged as a way of internationalizing and internalizing higher education, based on Brazil's cooperation agreement with Portuguese-speaking African countries and East Timor. The arrival of the university brought to light various conflicts between the local population and the presence of the students, highlighting the racism present in Brazilian society. Report: The Open Doors Open Arms Project emerged within the framework of the student assistance policy, as part of the broader understanding of health, seeking to strengthen student integration by combating racism. Conclusion: With this experience, it was possible to promote information, reflection and rapprochement between students and the local population, enhancing care and reception in municipal health and social assistance services, as well as within UNILAB.Introducción: Este trabajo presenta un informe de experiencia sobre un proyecto de extensión universitaria desarrollado en 2018 en UNILAB, en el interior de Ceará. La UNILAB surgió como una iniciativa de internacionalización e internalización de la educación superior, a partir del acuerdo de cooperación de Brasil con los países africanos de lengua portuguesa y Timor Oriental. La llegada de la universidad sacó a la luz diversos conflictos entre la población local y la presencia de los estudiantes, poniendo de manifiesto el racismo presente en la sociedad brasileña. Informe: El Proyecto Puertas Abiertas Brazos Abiertos surgió en el marco de la política de asistencia a los estudiantes, como parte de la ampliación de la comprensión de la salud, buscando fortalecer la integración de los estudiantes mediante la lucha contra el racismo. Conclusión: Con esta experiencia, fue posible promover la información, la reflexión y el acercamiento entre los estudiantes y la población local, potenciando la atención y la acogida en los servicios municipales de salud y asistencia social, así como en la UNILAB.Introdução: Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência sobre um projeto de extensão universitária desenvolvido em 2018 na UNILAB, no interior do Ceará. A UNILAB surgiu como ação de internacionalização e interiorização do ensino superior, a partir do acordo de cooperação do Brasil com países africanos lusófonos e o Timor Leste. A chegada da universidade trouxe à tona diversos conflitos entre a população local e a presença dos estudantes, evidenciando o racismo presente na sociedade brasileira. Relato: O Projeto Portas Abertas Braços Abertos surgiu no âmbito da política de assistência estudantil, como parte do entendimento ampliado de saúde, buscando fortalecer a integração dos estudantes através do combate ao racismo. Conclusão: com essa experiência, foi possível promover informações, reflexões e a aproximação entre os estudantes e a população local, potencializando o atendimento e o acolhimento nos serviços de saúde e assistência social municipais e, também, internos à UNILAB

Meanings and practices of oral health: a qualitative study with mothers of disabled children

The aim of this study was to understand the meanings and oral health practices of ten mothers of disabled children between the ages of zero and three years. The qualitative method was used. The data was collected by means of a semi-structured interview and were recorded, transcribed and analysed using the Thematic Content Analysis. Regarding to the oral health care of the mothers, three reported difficult and traumatising experiences and three did not have much contact with dentists during their childhood. Regarding to the children, the age of their first visit to the dentist varied from three months to two years and six months, and the reason for this appointment for seven children was referral by their doctor or by the Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional. Seven mothers reported that they brushed the teeth of their children at least twice a day and only two cited the importance of regular dental appointments. For two mothers, the meaning of oral health was to have a perfect smile and for four others, maintain oral hygiene. Half of the mothers related oral health to general health. All reported that dental caries is related to diet and lack of care regarding to oral hygiene. It was possible to conclude that for this group of mothers, oral health has an important meaning and that oral health practices are based on a healthy diet and brushing. Although mothers of disabled children have presented positive attitudes, in general, the results indicated limited knowledge about oral health. The results showed the importance of considering the point of view of the mothers as data of analysis bringing greater proximity with the reality studied. More qualitative studies should be conducted in order to collaborate with the improvement of the oral condition of disabled children

Intervalo de tempo decorrido entre o início dos sintomas e a realização do exame para COVID-19 nas capitais brasileiras, agosto de 2020

Objective: To analyze notifications of flu-like syndrome according to the time interval between onset of symptoms and testing for COVID-19. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using records of flu-like syndrome cases containing results of COVID-19 diagnostic tests in the Brazilian state capitals and Federal District, held on the e-SUS Notifica system, from March 1, 2020 to August 18, 2020. The time interval between symptom onset and testing was compared using the ANOVA test, classifying it according to test adequacy/timeliness. Results: Taking 1,942,514 notifications, average time between symptom onset and testing was 10.2 days (±17.1). Among those tested, females (55.1%), people aged 20-39 years (43.8%), and the Southeast region of Brazil (43.0%) predominated. 58.8% of IgM ELISA tests were performed at an adequate time while 68.0% of rapid antigen tests were not performed at an adequate time. Conclusion: Inadequacy was found between symptom onset and time taken to test for COVID-19 in the Brazilian regions.Objetivo: Analisar as notificações de síndrome gripal segundo o intervalo de tempo decorrido entre início dos sintomas e realização do exame para COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal, utilizando registros de casos de síndrome gripal contendo resultados de testes diagnósticos da COVID-19 nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal, no sistema e-SUS Notifica, entre 1o/março/2020 e 18/agosto/2020. Comparou-se o intervalo de tempo entre início dos sintomas e realização do exame (teste ANOVA), classificando-o segundo a adequação/oportunidade do exame. Resultados: Entre 1.942.514 notificações, o tempo médio entre início dos sintomas e execução dos testes foi de 10,2 dias (±17,1). Entre testados, predominou o sexo feminino (55,1%), idade de 20-39 anos (43,8%) e região Sudeste (43,0%). O teste ELISA IgM foi realizado em tempo adequado para 58,8%; e o teste rápido-antígeno, em tempo inadequado para 68,0%. Conclusão: Observou-se inadequação entre início dos sintomas e realização dos testes para COVID-19 nas regiões brasileiras

Sulfated-Polysaccharide Fraction from Red Algae Gracilaria caudata Protects Mice Gut Against Ethanol-Induced Damage

The aim of the present study was to investigate the gastroprotective activity of a sulfated-polysaccharide (PLS) fraction extracted from the marine red algae Gracilaria caudata and the mechanism underlying the gastroprotective activity. Male Swiss mice were treated with PLS (3, 10, 30 and 90 mg·kg−1, p.o.), and after 30 min, they were administered 50% ethanol (0.5 mL/25 g−1, p.o.). One hour later, gastric damage was measured using a planimeter. Samples of the stomach tissue were also obtained for histopathological assessment and for assays of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Other groups were pretreated with l-NAME (10 mg·kg−1, i.p.), dl-propargylglycine (PAG, 50 mg·kg−1, p.o.) or glibenclamide (5 mg·kg−1, i.p.). After 1 h, PLS (30 mg·kg−1, p.o.) was administered. After 30 min, ethanol 50% was administered (0.5 mL/25g−1, p.o.), followed by sacrifice after 60 min. PLS prevented-ethanol-induced macroscopic and microscopic gastric injury in a dose-dependent manner. However, treatment with l-NAME or glibenclamide reversed this gastroprotective effect. Administration of propargylglycine did not influence the effect of PLS. Our results suggest that PLS has a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice via activation of the NO/KATP pathway

Panorama de 30 dias de casos confirmados de COVID-19 no estado do Ceará

Objective: to analyze the evolution of the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the 30 first days of transmission in the state of Ceará. Methods: ecological study of a temporal series. Measures of position and dispersion were calculated, as well as the coefficient of incidence for the first 30 days. The evolution of the number of cases was compared to the trend of advance of the disease. Results: in the 30th day there were 1,800 confirmed cases, peaking in the 23rd day. This study assumes that the measures implemented in the state started to influence the evolution of the disease in the 26th day after the first confirmed case. The incidence coefficient increased 146.5% between the 21st and the 30th days. Conclusion: the mean number of new cases consistently increased in the period analyzed, suggesting that the epidemic has not yet been controlled in the state, but is decelerating.Objetivo: analisar a evolução do número de casos confirmados de COVID-19 nos 30 primeiros dias de transmissão no Ceará, Brasil. Métodos: estudo ecológico de séries temporais, no qual foram calculadas medidas de posição e dispersão e coeficiente de incidência para os 30 primeiros dias de COVID-19 no Ceará. A evolução do número de casos foi comparada à tendência de avanço da doença. Resultados: no 30º dia, havia confirmação de 1.800 casos, com pico no 23º dia. Presume-se que medidas de combate à COVID-19, implementadas no estado, passaram a influenciar a evolução da doença, a partir do 26º dia da primeira confirmação. O coeficiente de incidência aumentou 146,5% entre o 21º e o 30º dia. Conclusão: a média de novos casos manteve-se ascendente no período analisado, indicando que a epidemia não atingiu seu controle no estado, mas apresentou desaceleração ao que se esperava sem implementação de medidas de controle