Filiations et ruptures au sein de l’automatisme : la correspondance Borduas‑Riopelle

Longtemps tues, les dissensions entre les différentes factions automatistes commencent aujourd'hui à poindre. À partir de la correspondance échangée entre Borduas et Riopelle, l'auteur analyse ici les enjeux de l'antagonisme, resté longtemps inavoué, qui opposa les deux peintres. Le projet téméraire de Borduas de s'expatrier en France en 1946 où il espère être reconnu par le célèbre marchand d'art français Pierre Loeb qui consacrera plutôt quelques années plus tard Riopelle, le refus de l'artiste de participer avec son groupe à l'exposition internationale du surréalisme à la Galerie Maeght à Paris en 1947, l'accusation de « paternalisme » portée par Riopelle, qui poussera Borduas à rédiger pour sa propre défense en 1950 sa « Communication intime à mes chers amis », constituent quelques jalons importants de cette mésentente par laquelle s'opéra un renversement des générations entre maître et disciple. La rivalité non liquidée entre ces deux artistes de premier plan affecta de façon importante la place du mouvement automatiste dans l'histoire du développement de la peinture non figurative.Hushed up for a long time, dissensions between different factions within the automatist movement have recently come to light. Through a close reading of the letters exchanged between renowned artists Borduas and Riopelle, the author analyses the antagonism long unavowed between them. Borduas ' rash plan to expatriate to France in 1946 where he hoped to gain Pierre Loeb 's recognition, a powerful art merchant who will successfully support Riopelle a few years later, his unwillingness to participate with his group in the International Surrealism Exhibition at the Maeght Gallery in Paris in 1947, the accusation of "paternalism " issued by Riopelle that will induce Borduas to write in his own defence in 1950 his "Communication intime à mes chers amis" map out some of the major steps that will eventually lead to a powerplay between the "master" and the alledged "disciple ". This potent rivalry played a significant role in the recognition of the automatist movement struggling to take its place in the history of non figurative painting

Habitudes de vie et sentiment d'efficacité personnelle : des instruments de mesure /

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Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma as a Bridge to Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Study

Background. Transcatheter arterial lipiodol chemoembolization (TACE) can be used in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma to avoid tumor progression before transplantation. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TACE used as a bridge to liver transplantation. Methods. TACE was performed in 30 cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Milan criteria were used to select patients for transplant. Patients had a good or moderately impaired liver function, no arterioportal fistulae, and a good portal perfusion. Results. 48 TACE were performed in 30 patients. Before transplantation, 4 patients were dropped off the list due to tumor extension or liver failure. Complete necrosis of the tumor was observed in 11 patients and partial necrosis in 15 patients. After transplantation, 6 patients died and tumor recurrence was observed in 5 patients with a tumor beyond Milan criteria or no response to TACE. Conclusion. TACE is useful as a bridge to liver transplantation in a selected group of cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. A combined therapeutic approach before surgery might improve the prognosis in these patients

Clinical outcomes according to permanent discontinuation of clopidogrel or placebo in the CHARISMA trial

SummaryBackgroundLate discontinuation of clopidogrel after an acute coronary syndrome or stent placement may be associated with a clinical rebound effect.AimsTo describe the characteristics and evolution of patients non-compliant to study drug in the prospective, randomized, double-blind CHARISMA trial.MethodsOf 15,603 patients aged 45 or older years with established atherothrombotic disease (coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease) or multiple cardiovascular risk factors, 2999 permanently interrupted (withdrawers) study drug (clopidogrel or placebo) during follow-up. The primary endpoint was first occurrence since randomization of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death.ResultsWithdrawers displayed a higher risk profile and rates of death/myocardial infarction/stroke (13.5% versus 5.6%; hazard ratio [HR]: 3.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.05–3.32; p<0.001) and severe bleeding (4.9% versus 0.7%; odds ratio [OR]: 7.42; 95% CI: 5.67–9.70; p<0.001) versus non-withdrawers. Death/myocardial infarction/stroke occurred after an average of 228 days (95% CI: 197–258) and was less frequent in patients assigned to clopidogrel versus placebo (9.7% versus 11.9%; HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.64–1.00; p=0.051); the rate of severe bleeding was the same (4.0% versus 4.3%; OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.65–1.32; p=0.66). Among withdrawers, initial clopidogrel treatment was an independent correlate of survival (HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.59–0.93; p=0.011), but not severe bleeding (OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.65–1.35; p=0.74). Kaplan-Meier curves for the primary endpoint suggested no rebound effect or disease reactivation after discontinuation of clopidogrel compared with placebo.ConclusionsPatients who stopped medication had increased rates of ischaemic and bleeding events and mortality. Patients initially on clopidogrel had fewer ischaemic events than those on placebo; discontinuation was not associated with any clinically detectable rebound effect