Contributions of Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) to Students with Hearing Impairments in Mufindi District, Tanzania

This study sought to assess the contributions of nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) to students with healing impairments in inclusive secondary schools in Mufindi district, Tanzania. The objectives of the study were to identify the types of support given by NGO’s to students with hearing impairments in inclusive secondary schools, to assess their adequacy, and to investigate the challenges facing NGOs in supporting students with hearing impairments in inclusive secondary schools. The study employed a case study design and mixed research approach. It involved 34 respondents including NGOs managers, school head, teachers, students and District Community Development Officer. Data was gathered through questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions and documentary review. The findings revealed that NGOs contributed exercise books, pens, school uniforms, soap, shoes, bed sheets and bus fare. However, they were inadequate to cater their education needs. NGOs were facing the various challenges such as shortage of funds and communication barriers with hearing impaired students. It is concluded that, most NGOs in Mufindi district provided infrequently and inadequate support to students with hearing impairments due to various challenges. It is recommended that, the Ministry of Community Development, Gender and Children (MCDGC) in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) should build capacity and create awareness to NGO members and all education stakeholders so that they consider the aspects of equity, access and equality to the people with disabilities. In advance, the recommendations for further research are given

Tungsten oksit içeren organik-inorganik melez malzemelerin hidrotermal sentezi ve karakterizasyonu

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 64-67)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishImportance and a wide area of applications of solid-state oxides are well known. Metal oxides crystallize in wide variety but simple structures. Lately general opinion is that piezoelectric, ferromagnetic and catalytic properties of simple oxide structures will be improved if the metal oxides could have more complicated and detailed crystal structures. Therefore, research interest increased towards synthesizing complicated crystal structures. One of the methods to increase the complexity of the structure is the modification of inorganic oxides with organic ligands to synthesize complex hybrid materials. There are a great number of organic-inorganic hybrid materials with Keggin or Lindqvist Polyoxometalates structure containing Molybdenum and Tungsten. Usually Obtaining multifunctional hybrid materials, mostly requires grafting an organic functionalized group into the lacunary Keggin structures [XM11O39](n+4)-. Only Tungsten containing polyoxometalates can form a stable lacunary Keggin structures. A Lindqvist structures [M6O19]2- can also self-assemble with organic dyes to form a stable hybrid materials which have important applications. These polyoxotungstates, as an inorganic building blocks, were combined with organic compounds to obtain organic-inorganic hybrid materials. The carboxylic acid functionalized organotin grafted lacunary Keggin structure was coupled with different amines using N, N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). Another hybrid material was formed by the association of the Lindqvist POM with phosphine based BODIPY derivative dye. The synthesized compounds were all characterized by SEM, FT-IR, TGA and Powder XRD. Since one of the organic moiety use was a BODIPY-type organic dye, the fluorescence properties of these newly synthesized compounds were investigated.Katı-hal oksitlerinin önemi ve geniş uygulama alanları olduğu bilinmektedir. Metal oksitler çok çeşitli şekilde kristallenmekte olup aynı zamanda basit yapılara da sahiplerdir. Son zamanlarda metal oksitlerin daha karmaşık ve detaylı kristal yapılara sahip olduklarında basit oksit yapıların pizoelektrik, ferromanyetik ve katalitik özelliklerinin geliştirilebileceği genel bir kanıdır. Bu sebeple, araştırmalar karmaşık kristal yapılara yoğunlaşmıştır. Yapıların karmaşıklığını arttıran yöntemlerden biri , anorganik oksitler ile organik ligandları birleştirerek karmaşık melez malzemeler sentezlemektir. Molibden ve tungsten içeren Keggin ve Lindqvist polioksometalleri ile oluşturulan organik-anorganik melez malzemelerin sayısı oldukça fazladır. Genellikle çok fonksiyonlu melez malzemeler elde edebilmek için organic grup içeren tamamlanmamış [XM11O39](n+4)- Keggin yapıları gerekmektedir. Yalnızca tungsten içeren polioksometaller kararlı tamamlanmamış Keggin yapıları oluşturabilmektedir. [M6O19]2- Lindqvist yapıları ise organik boyalarla kararlı melez malzemeler oluşturmaktadırlar. Organik-anorganik melez malzemeler elde etmek için polioksotungstenler, anorganik yapı taşı olarak organik bileşiklerle biraraya getirilmiştir. Karboksilik asit fonksiyonlu organotin içeren tamamlanmamış Keggin yapısı, N, N’- disikloheksilkarbodiimit (DCC) kullanılarak oluşturulan farklı aminlerle birleştirilmiştir. Bir diğer melez malzeme de Lindqvist POM ile fosfin içeren BODIPY türevi boyanın birleştirilmesiyle oluşturulmuştur. Sentezlenen bileşikler, SEM, FT-IR, TGA ve Toz- XRD yöntemleriyle karakterize edilmiştir. BODIPY türü organik boya kullanımından dolayı sentezlenen yeni malzemelerin floresans özellikleri de incelenmişti

Contentious Entry: LGBTQ Refuge and Asylum

LGBTQ refugees and asylum seekers form a particularly vulnerable group. They face threats in their countries of origin and barriers to entering Western countries that accept refugees and grant asylum. Some of these barriers come via the individuals tasked with determining who is allowed to enter or remain in the country and others in the limited help they receive from family, community, and LGBTQ groups and organizations. This article explores the problems with processes such as adjudication and suggests there are ways to improve the treatment of LGBTQ individuals throughout the resettlement process

Tungsten oksit içeren organik-inorganik melez malzemelerin hidrotermal sentezi ve karakterizasyonu

Thesis (Master)--Izmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, Izmir, 2019Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 64-67)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and EnglishImportance and a wide area of applications of solid-state oxides are well known. Metal oxides crystallize in wide variety but simple structures. Lately general opinion is that piezoelectric, ferromagnetic and catalytic properties of simple oxide structures will be improved if the metal oxides could have more complicated and detailed crystal structures. Therefore, research interest increased towards synthesizing complicated crystal structures. One of the methods to increase the complexity of the structure is the modification of inorganic oxides with organic ligands to synthesize complex hybrid materials. There are a great number of organic-inorganic hybrid materials with Keggin or Lindqvist Polyoxometalates structure containing Molybdenum and Tungsten. Usually Obtaining multifunctional hybrid materials, mostly requires grafting an organic functionalized group into the lacunary Keggin structures [XM11O39](n+4)-. Only Tungsten containing polyoxometalates can form a stable lacunary Keggin structures. A Lindqvist structures [M6O19]2- can also self-assemble with organic dyes to form a stable hybrid materials which have important applications. These polyoxotungstates, as an inorganic building blocks, were combined with organic compounds to obtain organic-inorganic hybrid materials. The carboxylic acid functionalized organotin grafted lacunary Keggin structure was coupled with different amines using N, N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC). Another hybrid material was formed by the association of the Lindqvist POM with phosphine based BODIPY derivative dye. The synthesized compounds were all characterized by SEM, FT-IR, TGA and Powder XRD. Since one of the organic moiety use was a BODIPY-type organic dye, the fluorescence properties of these newly synthesized compounds were investigated.Katı-hal oksitlerinin önemi ve geniş uygulama alanları olduğu bilinmektedir. Metal oksitler çok çeşitli şekilde kristallenmekte olup aynı zamanda basit yapılara da sahiplerdir. Son zamanlarda metal oksitlerin daha karmaşık ve detaylı kristal yapılara sahip olduklarında basit oksit yapıların pizoelektrik, ferromanyetik ve katalitik özelliklerinin geliştirilebileceği genel bir kanıdır. Bu sebeple, araştırmalar karmaşık kristal yapılara yoğunlaşmıştır. Yapıların karmaşıklığını arttıran yöntemlerden biri , anorganik oksitler ile organik ligandları birleştirerek karmaşık melez malzemeler sentezlemektir. Molibden ve tungsten içeren Keggin ve Lindqvist polioksometalleri ile oluşturulan organik-anorganik melez malzemelerin sayısı oldukça fazladır. Genellikle çok fonksiyonlu melez malzemeler elde edebilmek için organic grup içeren tamamlanmamış [XM11O39](n+4)- Keggin yapıları gerekmektedir. Yalnızca tungsten içeren polioksometaller kararlı tamamlanmamış Keggin yapıları oluşturabilmektedir. [M6O19]2- Lindqvist yapıları ise organik boyalarla kararlı melez malzemeler oluşturmaktadırlar. Organik-anorganik melez malzemeler elde etmek için polioksotungstenler, anorganik yapı taşı olarak organik bileşiklerle biraraya getirilmiştir. Karboksilik asit fonksiyonlu organotin içeren tamamlanmamış Keggin yapısı, N, N’- disikloheksilkarbodiimit (DCC) kullanılarak oluşturulan farklı aminlerle birleştirilmiştir. Bir diğer melez malzeme de Lindqvist POM ile fosfin içeren BODIPY türevi boyanın birleştirilmesiyle oluşturulmuştur. Sentezlenen bileşikler, SEM, FT-IR, TGA ve Toz- XRD yöntemleriyle karakterize edilmiştir. BODIPY türü organik boya kullanımından dolayı sentezlenen yeni malzemelerin floresans özellikleri de incelenmişti