Hunting for Isocurvature Modes in the CMB non-Gaussianities

We investigate new shapes of local primordial non-Gaussianities in the CMB. Allowing for a primordial isocurvature mode along with the main adiabatic one, the angular bispectrum is in general a superposition of six distinct shapes: the usual adiabatic term, a purely isocurvature component and four additional components that arise from correlations between the adiabatic and isocurvature modes. We present a class of early Universe models in which various hierarchies between these six components can be obtained, while satisfying the present upper bound on the isocurvature fraction in the power spectrum. Remarkably, even with this constraint, detectable non-Gaussianity could be produced by isocurvature modes. We finally discuss the prospects of detecting these new shapes with the Planck satellite.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure

Scalar Kaluza-Klein modes in a multiply warped braneworld

The Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of a massive scalar field on a 3-brane embedded in six dimensional multiply warped spacetime are determined. Due to the presence of warping along both the extra dimensions the KK mass spectrum splits into two closely spaced branches which is a distinct feature of this model compared to the five dimensional Randall-Sundrum model. This new cluster of the KK mode spectrum is expected to have interesting phenomenological implications for the upcoming collider experiments. Such a scenario may also be extended for even larger number of orbifolded extra dimensions.Comment: 10 pages, Revte

Bulk Gravitational Field and Cosmological Perturbations on the Brane

We investigate the effect of the bulk gravitational field on the cosmological perturbations on a brane embedded in the 5D Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. The effective 4D Einstein equations for the scalar cosmological perturbations on the brane are obtained by solving the perturbations in the bulk. Then the behaviour of the corrections induced by the bulk gravitational field to the conventional 4D Einstein equation are determined. Two types of the corrections are found. First we investigate the corrections which become significant at scales below the AdS curvature scales and in the high energy universe with the energy density larger than the tension of the brane. The evolution equation for the perturbations on the brane is found and solved. Another type of the corrections is induced on the brane if we consider the bulk perturbations which do not contribute to the metric perturbations but do contribute to the matter perturbations. At low energies, they have imaginary mass m^2=-(2/3) \k^2 in the bulk where \k is the 3D comoving wave number of the perturbations. They diverge at the horizon of the AdS spacetime. The induced density perturbations behave as sound waves with sound velocity $1/\sqrt{3}$ in the low energy universe. At large scales, they are homogeneous perturbations that depend only on time and decay like radiation. They can be identified as the perturbations of the dark radiation. They produce isocurvature perturbations in the matter dominated era. Their effects can be observed as the shifts of the location and the height of the acoustic peak in the CMB spectrum.Comment: 35 pages, 1 figur

Influence of heavy modes on perturbations in multiple field inflation

We investigate linear cosmological perturbations in multiple field inflationary models where some of the directions are light while others are heavy (with respect to the Hubble parameter). By integrating out the massive degrees of freedom, we determine the multi-dimensional effective theory for the light degrees of freedom and give explicitly the propagation matrix that replaces the effective sound speed of the one-dimensional case. We then examine in detail the consequences of a sudden turn along the inflationary trajectory, in particular the possible breakdown of the low energy effective theory in case the heavy modes are excited. Resorting to a new basis in field space, instead of the usual adiabatic/entropic basis, we study the evolution of the perturbations during the turn. In particular, we compute the power spectrum and compare with the result obtained from the low energy effective theory.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures; v2 substantial changes in sec.V; v3 matching the published version on JCA

A general proof of the equivalence between the \delta N and covariant formalisms

Recently, the equivalence between the \delta N and covariant formalisms has been shown (Suyama et al. 2012), but they essentially assumed Einstein gravity in their proof. They showed that the evolution equation of the curvature covector in the covariant formalism on uniform energy density slicings coincides with that of the curvature perturbation in the \delta N formalism assuming the coincidence of uniform energy and uniform expansion (Hubble) slicings, which is the case on superhorizon scales in Einstein gravity. In this short note, we explicitly show the equivalence between the \delta N and covariant formalisms without specifying the slicing condition and the associated slicing coincidence, in other words, regardless of the gravity theory.Comment: 7 pages,a reference added, to be published in EP

Models for the Brane-Bulk Interaction: Toward Understanding Braneworld Cosmological Perturbation

Using some simple toy models, we explore the nature of the brane-bulk interaction for cosmological models with a large extra dimension. We are in particular interested in understanding the role of the bulk gravitons, which from the point of view of an observer on the brane will appear to generate dissipation and nonlocality, effects which cannot be incorporated into an effective (3+1)-dimensional Lagrangian field theoretic description. We explicitly work out the dynamics of several discrete systems consisting of a finite number of degrees of freedom on the boundary coupled to a (1+1)-dimensional field theory subject to a variety of wave equations. Systems both with and without time translation invariance are considered and moving boundaries are discussed as well. The models considered contain all the qualitative feature of quantized linearized cosmological perturbations for a Randall-Sundrum universe having an arbitrary expansion history, with the sole exception of gravitational gauge invariance, which will be treated in a later paper.Comment: 47 pages, RevTeX (or Latex, etc) with 5 eps figure

Exactly solvable model for cosmological perturbations in dilatonic brane worlds

We construct a model where cosmological perturbations are analytically solved based on dilatonic brane worlds. A bulk scalar field has an exponential potential in the bulk and an exponential coupling to the brane tension. The bulk scalar field yields a power-law inflation on the brane. The exact background metric can be found including the back-reaction of the scalar field. Then exact solutions for cosmological perturbations which properly satisfy the junction conditions on the brane are derived. These solutions provide us an interesting model to understand the connection between the behavior of cosmological perturbations on the brane and the geometry of the bulk. Using these solutions, the behavior of an anisotropic stress induced on the inflationary brane by bulk gravitational fields is investigated.Comment: 30 pages, typos corrected, reference adde

Bulk inflaton shadows of vacuum gravity

We introduce a $(5+m)$-dimensional vacuum description of five-dimensional bulk inflaton models with exponential potentials that makes analysis of cosmological perturbations simple and transparent. We show that various solutions, including the power-law inflation model recently discovered by Koyama and Takahashi, are generated from known $(5+m)$-dimensional vacuum solutions of pure gravity. We derive master equations for all types of perturbations, and each of them becomes a second order differential equation for one master variable supplemented by simple boundary conditions on the brane. One exception is the case for massive modes of scalar perturbations. In this case, there are two independent degrees of freedom, and in general it is difficult to disentangle them into two separate sectors.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, revtex; v2: references adde