Remote multispectral imaging with PRISMS and XRF analysis of Tang Tomb paintings

PRISMS (Portable Remote Imaging System for Multispectral Scanning) is a multispectral/hyperspectral imaging system designed for flexible in situ imaging of wall paintings at high resolution (tens of microns) over a large range of distances (less than a meter to over ten meters). This paper demonstrates a trial run of the VIS/NIR (400-880nm) component of the instrument for non-invasive imaging of wall paintings in situ. Wall painting panels from excavated Tang dynasty (618-907AD) tombs near Xi’an were examined by PRISMS. Pigment identifications were carried out using the spectral reflectance obtained from multispectral imaging coupled with non-invasive elemental analysis using a portable XRF

Non-invasive investigations of a wall painting using optical coherence tomography and hyperspectral imaging

Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging are efficient methods of measuring spectral reflectance at high spatial resolution. This non-invasive technique has been applied to the imaging of paintings over the last 20 years. PRISMS (Portable Remote Imaging System for Multispectral Scanning) was designed specifically for imaging wall paintings. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a low coherence interferometric technique capable of fast non-invasive imaging of subsurface microstructure. This paper shows the first application of in situ OCT imaging of a wall painting. The combination of PRISMS and OCT gives information on the varnish and paint layer structure, pigment identification, the state of degradation of the paint and varnish layers and informing curators on the painting schemes and techniques

Continuous detonation reaction engine

Reaction engine operates on the principles of a controlled condensed detonation rather than on the principles of gas expansion. The detonation results in reaction products that are expelled at a much higher velocity

Development of detonation reaction engine

Reaction engine operates on the principle of a controlled condensed detonation. In this engine the gas products that are expelled from the engine to produce thrust are generated by the condensed detonation reaction. The engine is constructed of two basic sections consisting of a detonation wave generator section and a condensed detonation reaction section

Study of an ACT demonstrator with substantial performance improvements using a redesigned JetStar

The feasibility was studied of modifying a JetStar airplane into a demonstrator of benefits to be achieved from incorporating active control concepts in the preliminary design of transport type aircraft. Substantial benefits are shown in terms of fuel economy and community noise by virtue of reduction in induced drag through use of a high aspect ratio wing which is made possible by a gust alleviation system. An intermediate configuration was defined which helps to isolate the benefits produced by active controls technology from those due to other configuration variables

On the engineering portion of a research program to develop a zero-g, drag-free satellite and to perform a gyro test of general relativity in a satellite Fourth semiannual status report

Zero gravity satellite concept feasibility and control system design evaluation using air cushion vehicl

Develop a zero-G drag-free satellite and perform a gyro test of general relativity in a satellite Semiannual status report, Nov. 1965 - Apr. 1966

Aeronomy experiment satellite polar orbit, control analysis, and control simulatio

Remote spectral imaging with simultaneous extraction of 3D topography for historical wall paintings

PRISMS (Portable Remote Imaging System for Multispectral Scanning) is designed for in situ, simultaneous high resolution spectral and 3D topographic imaging of wall paintings and other large surfaces. In particular, it can image at transverse resolutions of tens of microns remotely from distances of tens of metres, making high resolution imaging possible from a fixed position on the ground for areas at heights that is difficult to access. The spectral imaging system is fully automated giving 3D topographic mapping at millimetre accuracy as a by-product of the image focusing process. PRISMS is the first imaging device capable of both 3D mapping and spectral imaging simultaneously without additional distance measuring devices. Examples from applications of PRISMS to wall paintings at a UNESCO site in the Gobi desert are presented to demonstrate the potential of the instrument for large scale 3D spectral imaging, revealing faded writing and material identification

Study of the application of hydrogen fuel to long-range subsonic transport aircraft, volume 2

The feasibility, practicability, and potential advantages/disadvantages of using liquid hydrogen as fuel in long range, subsonic transport aircraft of advanced design were studied. Both passenger and cargo-type aircraft were investigated. To provide a valid basis for comparison, conventional hydrocarbon (Jet A) fueled aircraft were designed to perform identical missions using the same advanced technology and meeting the same operational constraints. The liquid hydrogen and Jet A fueled aircraft were compared on the basis of weight, size, energy utilization, cost, noise, emissions, safety, and operational characteristics. A program of technology development was formulated