Chronic Inflammation as a Result of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Review of the Literature

Approximately 170 million people are infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide5,6. It is estimated that roughly 80% of those infected suffer from persistent infection with the virus; this persistence of infection is progressive, and over time can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma7. Chronic inflammation and apoptotic deregulation are both hallmarks of chronic HCV infection, and many molecular pathways are initiated in both the innate and adaptive immune responses during infection with this viral pathogen. The aim of this review was to survey some of the major molecular mechanisms responsible for the induction of chronic inflammation that occurs during HCV infection

Investigating The Viability Of Two Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates After Air-drying

Abstract Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a water-borne infectious bacterium that is found in both clinical (hospitals) and non-clinical environments. This human pathogen is commonly recovered from respiratory tract infections. A recent study at a hospital in Taiwan suggested that dry patient charts can serve as a vehicle of transmission of this bacterium7. As S. maltophilia is not commonly isolated from dry surfaces, this current study tested the hypothesis that this pathogen can remain viable for some time on a dry surface. This study was designed to determine how long S. maltophilia could remain viable after air-drying by observing culture growth from paper disks that had been inoculated with the bacterium. The data obtained indicate that S. maltophilia can remain viable up to two days, providing novel information regarding the amount of time that this water-associated pathogen can survive in dry conditions

Gun Related Youth Violence: Fear of Victimization versus the Influence of Significant Others

Differential association/social learning theories have received considerable empirical support as an explanation of participation in delinquent acts, including violent delinquency (Heimer 1997). More recently, and primarily as a result of highly publicized school shootings in suburban high schools, fear of crime and victimization have received attention as motivators of gun-carrying and gun violence. These phenomena are generally not examined in unison, however, leaving open the question of their relative role as a cause of gun carrying and violence amongst youth. The current research project addresses this question. A major strength of the current research is the adoption of multiple measures of each perspective. We examine the impact of the attitudes and behaviors of family members and friends on the gun-related behaviors of a sample of male high school age youth. Moreover, we adopt a variety of measures of fear of victimization and actual victimization in schools, on school grounds, and in neighborhoods. The primary goal of this research is to enhance our understanding of the multiplicity of factors that contribute to youthful involvement with firearms and violent delinquency

Gun Related Youth Violence: Fear of Victimization versus the Influence of Significant Others

Differential association/social learning theories have received considerable empirical support as an explanation of participation in delinquent acts, including violent delinquency (Heimer 1997). More recently, and primarily as a result of highly publicized school shootings in suburban high schools, fear of crime and victimization have received attention as motivators of gun-carrying and gun violence. These phenomena are generally not examined in unison, however, leaving open the question of their relative role as a cause of gun carrying and violence amongst youth. The current research project addresses this question. A major strength of the current research is the adoption of multiple measures of each perspective. We examine the impact of the attitudes and behaviors of family members and friends on the gun-related behaviors of a sample of male high school age youth. Moreover, we adopt a variety of measures of fear of victimization and actual victimization in schools, on school grounds, and in neighborhoods. The primary goal of this research is to enhance our understanding of the multiplicity of factors that contribute to youthful involvement with firearms and violent delinquency

Gun Related Youth Violence: Fear of Victimization versus the Influence of Significant Others

Differential association/social learning theories have received considerable empirical support as an explanation of participation in delinquent acts, including violent delinquency (Heimer 1997). More recently, and primarily as a result of highly publicized school shootings in suburban high schools, fear of crime and victimization have received attention as motivators of gun-carrying and gun violence. These phenomena are generally not examined in unison, however, leaving open the question of their relative role as a cause of gun carrying and violence amongst youth. The current research project addresses this question. A major strength of the current research is the adoption of multiple measures of each perspective. We examine the impact of the attitudes and behaviors of family members and friends on the gun-related behaviors of a sample of male high school age youth. Moreover, we adopt a variety of measures of fear of victimization and actual victimization in schools, on school grounds, and in neighborhoods. The primary goal of this research is to enhance our understanding of the multiplicity of factors that contribute to youthful involvement with firearms and violent delinquency

Relationship Building Between Staff and Students in YMCA Afterschool Programs

&nbsp; Relationship building in afterschool programs occurs not only between students and staff, but between staff, staff and their supervisors, and staff and students' families. All of these relationships can help enhance student learning in afterschool programs. This study investigates how relationship building in afterschool programs functions, and if it is successful in promoting staff enjoyment and engagement in afterschool programs along with enhancing staff communication and trust with those they work with in the program. I explore this through a survey, which I created, with YMCA afterschool program staff members from across the U.S.. Findings indicate that relationship building is important to program success, to developing a sense of connection with others in the program, and that beliefs around the importance of relationship building are important factors that influence connections.</p

Jealousy and its effects

Includes bibliographical references.Jealousy is a commonly felt emotion but is not very well understood. Studies of jealousy are limited. It is important to understand more about this emotion because of the effects it has. Jealousy negatively effects relationships and is a leading cause of partnerdirected violence and homicide. This article will look at the current research in depth, to outline a definition, causes, and possibly treatment and future research directions.B.S. (Bachelor of Science

Investigation into the measurement of cotton biomarkers as an indicator of risk to respiratory health and detriment to structural quality

A limited range of bacterial specie were identified on cottons from across the world; the most common was Enterobacter. Fungal genera were also similar on all cotton samples analysed, the most prevalent being Aspergillus. Cotton trash material often contained 10-100 times higher contamination levels than associated lint samples. Significant positive correlations existed between the contamination parameters, particularly endotoxin and glucan. Several of these findings suggest that the cotton production environment is more hazardous than previously though