1,662 research outputs found
Models for Solar Magnetic Loops. III. Dynamic Models and Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer Observations
In the present work SOHO Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS) observations of a quiescent active region loop are compared to a steady state, dynamic loop model. Three different heating functions are adopted: uniform, concentrated at the top, and concentrated at the footpoints. Predicted temperature and density profiles of the selected loop are compared with those obtained from CDS observations using line ratios and an emission measure analysis. The latter method also allows us to measure the loop filling factor. The space of parameters of the model is investigated in an effort to achieve agreement with observations. The effects of uncertainties and of CDS instrumental limitations on the results are assessed. We find that no agreement can be found between model predictions and observations. Possible causes of the disagreement and areas of further investigation are discussed. This work also demonstrates the potential of high-resolution spectroscopy in loop studies, even in the presence of moderate spatial resolution
Physical conditions in CaFe interstellar clouds
Interstellar clouds that exhibit strong Ca I and Fe I lines were called CaFe
clouds. The ionisation equilibrium equations were used to model the column
densities of Ca II, Ca I, K I, Na I, Fe I and Ti II in CaFe clouds. The
chemical composition of CaFe clouds is that of the Solar System and no
depletion of elements onto dust grains is seen. The CaFe clouds have high
electron densities n=1 cm^-3 that leads to high column densities of neutral Ca
and Fe.Comment: Changed content, figure adde
CHIANTI - an atomic database for emission lines. VII. New Data for X-rays and other improvements
The CHIANTI atomic database contains atomic energy levels, wavelengths, radiative transition probabilities, and collisional excitation data for a large number of ions of astrophysical interest. CHIANTI also includes a suite of IDL routines to calculate synthetic spectra and carry out plasma diagnostics. Version 5 has been released, which includes several new features, as well as new data for many ions. The new features in CHIANTI are as follows: the inclusion of ionization and recombination rates to individual excited levels as a means to populate atomic levels; data for Kα and Kβ emission from Fe ii to Fe xxiv; new data for high-energy configurations in Fe xvii to Fe xxiii; and a complete reassessment of level energies and line identifications in the X-ray range, multitemperature particle distributions, and photoexcitation from any user-defined radiation field. New data for ions already in the database, as well as data for ions not present in earlier versions of the database, are also included. Version 5 of CHIANTI represents a major improvement in the calculation of line emissivities and synthetic spectra in the X-ray range and expands and improves theoretical spectra calculations in all other wavelength ranges
Sub-Doppler laser cooling of potassium atoms
We investigate sub-Doppler laser cooling of bosonic potassium isotopes, whose
small hyperfine splitting has so far prevented cooling below the Doppler
temperature. We find instead that the combination of a dark optical molasses
scheme that naturally arises in this kind of systems and an adiabatic ramping
of the laser parameters allows to reach sub-Doppler temperatures for small
laser detunings. We demonstrate temperatures as low as 25(3)microK and
47(5)microK in high-density samples of the two isotopes 39K and 41K,
respectively. Our findings will find application to other atomic systems.Comment: 7 pages, 9 figure
Iodine biofortification in tomato
Iodine is an essential element in the human diet, and iodine deficiency is a significant health problem. No attempts to increase iodine content in plant-derived food (biofortification) have so far been particularly effective. We studied iodine uptake in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to evaluate whether it is possible to increase the iodine concentration in its fruits. Iodine translocation and storage inside tomato tissues were studied using radioactive iodine. Potassium iodide was also supplied at different concentrations to tomato plants to evaluate the resulting iodide concentration both in the vegetative tissues and the fruits. The results indicate that iodine was taken up better when supplied to the roots using hydroponically grown plants. However, a considerable amount of iodine was also stored after leaf treatment, suggesting that iodine transport through phloem also occurred. We found that tomato plants can tolerate high levels of iodine, stored both in the vegetative tissues and fruits at concentrations that are more than sufficient for the human diet. We conclude that tomato is an excellent crop for iodine-biofortification programs
Continuing data analysis of the AS/E grazing incidence X-ray telescope experiment on the OSO-4 satellite
The work to correct and extend the calculation of the theoretical solar X-ray spectrum produced during earlier OSO-4 data analysis is reported along with the work to formulate models of active regions, and compare these models with the experimental values. An atlas of solar X-ray photographs is included, and solar X-ray observations are correlated with the solar wind
Crossing Over from Attractive to Repulsive Interactions in a Tunneling Bosonic Josephson Junction
We explore the interplay between tunneling and interatomic interactions in
the dynamics of a bosonic Josephson junction. We tune the scattering length of
an atomic K Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a double-well trap to
investigate regimes inaccessible to other superconducting or superfluid
systems. In the limit of small-amplitude oscillations, we study the transition
from Rabi to plasma oscillations by crossing over from attractive to repulsive
interatomic interactions. We observe a critical slowing down in the oscillation
frequency by increasing the strength of an attractive interaction up to the
point of a quantum phase transition. With sufficiently large initial
oscillation amplitude and repulsive interactions the system enters the
macroscopic quantum self-trapping regime, where we observe coherent undamped
oscillations with a self-sustained average imbalance of the relative well
population. The exquisite agreement between theory and experiments enables the
observation of a broad range of many body coherent dynamical regimes driven by
tunable tunneling energy, interactions and external forces, with applications
spanning from atomtronics to quantum metrology.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, supplemental materials are include
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