14 research outputs found
DISCOSOMES: A FUTURISTIC UPHEAVAL IN VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY
The formulation system employed to convey pharmaceutical drugs compound in the body to attain the desired therapeutic effect at a predetermined rate depending on pharmacological aspects, drug profile, and physiological conditions can be referred to as a novel drug delivery system (NDDS). Due to the intricately sensitive anatomy and physiology of the eye pharmacologist find the ocular delivery system to be more involuted than other routes. Pre-corneal, static and dynamic is the 3 types of ophthalmic barriers, which along with the inflow and outflow of lacrimal fluids, nasolacrimal drainage, are some of the germane factors that affect bioavailability. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where the distribution of drugs in non-targeted body fluids and tissues transcends the quantity of required drug in targeted tissues and causes repercussions, these modified drug delivery systems surpass the ocular barriers and adverse reactions, emphasizing on less invasive, prolonged action. It also promotes sustained release formulation that subjugates the drug loss or degradation to treat many ocular diseases effectively. The current review recapitulates the fundamentals of discosomes, a type of vesicular drug delivery system that acts as a vehicle for the drug delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Discosomes are giant, disc-shaped structures modified from niosomes by arresting the vesicles at the discosome phase. Due to their idiosyncratic size, it provides all due benefits compared to other ocular drug delivery systems. From the review, it can be culminated that discosomes are a potential subject of opposition and opportunities in the arena of safe and effective ocular drug delivery
Apoptosis Inducing Effect of Plumbagin on Colonic Cancer Cells Depends on Expression of COX-2
Plumbagin, a quinonoid found in the plants of the Plumbaginaceae, possesses
medicinal properties. In this study we investigated the anti-proliferative and
apoptotic activity of plumbagin by using two human colonic cancer cell lines,
HT29 and HCT15. IC50 of Plumbagin for HCT15 and HT29 cells (22.5 µM and
62.5 µM, respectively) were significantly different. To study the response
of cancer cells during treatment strategies, cells were treated with two
different concentrations, 15 µM, 30 µM for HCT15 and 50 µM, 75
µM for HT29 cells. Though activation of NFκB, Caspases-3, elevated
levels of TNF-α, cytosolic Cytochrome C were seen in both
HCT15 cells HT29 treated with plumbagin, aberrant apoptosis with decreased level
of pEGFR, pAkt, pGsk-3β, PCNA and Cyclin D1was observed only in 15 µM
and 30 µM plumbagin treated HCT15 and 75 µM plumbagin treated HT29
cells. This suggests that plumbagin induces apoptosis in both HCT15 cells and
HT29 treated, whereas, proliferation was inhibited only in 15 µM and 30
µM plumbagin treated HCT15 and 75 µM plumbagin treated HT29 cells,
but not in 50 µM plumbagin treated HT29 cells. Expression of COX-2 was
decreased in 75 µM plumbagin treated HT29 cells when compared to 50
µM plumbagin treated HT29 cells, whereas HCT15 cells lack COX. Hence the
observed resistance to induction of apoptosis in 50 µM plumbagin treated
HT29 cells are attributed to the expression of COX-2. In conclusion, plumbagin
induces apoptosis in colonic cancer cells through TNF-α mediated pathway
depending on expression of COX-2 expression
Omalizumab rescue therapy in refractory status asthmaticus
Introduction: Refractory status asthmaticus (RSA) is a severe, life-threatening form of asthma exacerbation that persists despite aggressive treatment with systemic corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and other supportive measures. Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets IgE, has been approved for treating severe allergic asthma and is effective in reducing the frequency of exacerbations and improving asthma control. Limited evidence exists regarding the use of Omalizumab in RSA, but some studies have suggested that it may have a role in its management.
Case: A 39-year-old male with a decade-long history of asthma presented to the emergency department intubated and unresponsive to pharmacological therapy. The patient\u27s IgE levels were elevated, and Omalizumab was administered after a comprehensive evaluation. The patient made a dramatic recovery and was successfully weaned off the ventilator within 24 h of receiving Omalizumab. He made an uneventful recovery and was discharged home on Omalizumab once every two weeks with regular follow-ups.
Discussion and conclusion: Per our literature search, only 3 cases have been reported where Omalizumab was administered to patients with RSA to wean them off ventilatory support successfully. This case study adds to the existing data on the potential benefits of Omalizumab in managing RSA. It suggests it may be a valuable treatment option for patients who do not respond to standard therapy. However, further research is needed to determine the efficacy and safety of Omalizumab in this population
ÂÂEleven tips for operational researchers working with health programmes: our experience based on implementing differentiated tuberculosis care in south India
Due to the workload and lack of a critical mass of trained operational researchers within their ranks, health systems and programmes may not be able to dedicate sufficient time to conducting operational research (OR). Hence, they may need the technical support of operational researchers from research/academic organisations. Additionally, there is a knowledge gap regarding implementing differentiated tuberculosis (TB) care in programme settings. In this ‘how we did it’ paper, we share our experience of implementing a differentiated TB care model along with an inbuilt OR component in Tamil Nadu, a southern state in India. This was a health system initiative through a collaboration of the State TB cell with the Indian Council of Medical Research institutes and the World Health Organisation country office in India. The learnings are in the form of eleven tips: four broad principles (OR on priority areas and make it a health system initiative, implement simple and holistic ideas, embed OR within routine programme settings, aim for long-term engagement), four related to strategic planning (big team of investigators, joint leadership, decentralised decision-making, working in advance) and three about implementation planning (conducting pilots, smart use of e-tools and operational research publications at frequent intervals). These may act as a guide for other Indian states, high TB burden countries that want to implement differentiated care, and for operational researchers in providing technical assistance for strengthening implementation and conducting OR in health systems and programmes (TB or other health programmes). Following these tips may increase the chances of i) an enriching engagement, ii) policy/practice change, and iii) sustainable implementation
Proceedings of International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet
This proceeding contains articles of the various research ideas of the academic community and practitioners accepted at the "International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet (ICCESP 2021)". ICCESP 2021 is being Organized by the Habilete Learning Solutions, Kollam in Collaboration with American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, and Baselios Mathews II College of Engineering, Kollam, Kerala, India.
Conference Title: International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable PlanetConference Acronym: ICCESP 2021Conference Date: 05–06 March 2021Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Habilete Learning Solutions, Kollam, Kerala, IndiaCollaborators: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, and Baselios Mathews II College of Engineering, Kollam, Kerala, India