A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networks

We propose an alternative generator architecture for generative adversarial networks, borrowing from style transfer literature. The new architecture leads to an automatically learned, unsupervised separation of high-level attributes (e.g., pose and identity when trained on human faces) and stochastic variation in the generated images (e.g., freckles, hair), and it enables intuitive, scale-specific control of the synthesis. The new generator improves the state-of-the-art in terms of traditional distribution quality metrics, leads to demonstrably better interpolation properties, and also better disentangles the latent factors of variation. To quantify interpolation quality and disentanglement, we propose two new, automated methods that are applicable to any generator architecture. Finally, we introduce a new, highly varied and high-quality dataset of human faces.Comment: CVPR 2019 final versio

Anomaly and Brownian fluid particle in Navier-Stokes turbulence

We investigate the Navier-Stokes turbulence driven by a stochastic random Gaussian force. Using a field-theoretic approach, we uncover an anomaly that brings hidden structure to the theory. The anomaly is generated by a non-self-adjoint operator of the Jacobian and it follows the symmetries of the stochastic Navier-Stokes equation. We calculate the anomaly and demonstrate that by forcing the anomaly to vanish, the velocity field is constrained and a monopole-type object with a constant charge is formed. When the viscosity is zero, the anomaly can be interpreted as the Brownian damping coefficient of a random fluid particle. We provide the Brownian particle equation and its solution in the presence of a pump and viscosity. Our results suggest that the anomaly is an inherent feature of stochastic turbulence and must be taken into account in all stochastic turbulence calculations. This constitutes an additional law for the original set of stochastic Navier-Stokes equations.Comment: 16 pages. One more additio

Local symmetries, anomalies and constrains in Burgers Turbulence

We study stochastic Burgers turbulence without pressure. We first show that the variational derivative of the Burgers equation is dependent on the velocity field, suggesting the existence of an anomaly. The anomaly is created by an operator that is non-self-adjoint. To calculate it correctly, we need to find its square. There are similarities with conformal and chiral two-dimensional field theories, but causality is the key that makes the difference. We find a local symmetry for the Burgers equation that is broken by the anomaly. By requiring the disappearance of this anomaly, the velocity field is constrained and local symmetry is maintained. This symmetry follows Kolmogorov's second law of self-similarity. One can choose an anomaly-free theory, a partially broken theory, or a fully broken theory by choosing the constraint appropriately. There is an analogy to gauge fixing or vacuum selection which define the local configuration.Comment: 10 pages. Details added and typos correcte

Samarbetsplanen för bekämpning av fartygsoljeskador och fartygskemikalieolyckor på Finska vikens område

Suomenlahden alueen alusöljy- ja aluskemikaalivahinkojen torjunnan yhteistoimintasuunnitelma on laadittu Uudenmaan ELYkeskuksen johdolla eri viranomaisten yhteistyönä. Suunnitelma perustuu öljyvahinkojen torjuntalain 13. §:ään. Suunnitelman tarkoituksena on varmistaa torjuntatöiden nopea käynnistyminen ja laadukas toteuttaminen viranomaisten yhteistoimin kaikissa toiminta-alueen vahinkotilanteissa. Suunnitelmassa on esitetty Suomenlahden alueen erityispiirteitä sekä eri viranomaisten ja muiden torjuntaan osallistuvien tehtäviä ja resursseja. Suunnitelmassa kuvataan torjuntatyön eri vaiheita ja toimenpiteitä. Torjuntajärjestelyt perustuvat ensisijaisesti pelastustoimen, muiden torjuntaviranomaisten sekä virka-apuviranomaisten yhteistoimintaan. Suurten merialueella tapahtuvien vahinkojen torjunnassa tarvitaan aina resursseja yhteistoiminta-alueen ulkopuolelta. Yhteistyötä ja koordinaatiota yhteistoiminta-alueiden välillä ja valtakunnallisella tasolla tulee kehittää. Kokonaisuus muun muassa päivitettyine uhkakuvineen tulee laatia valtakunnallisen torjuntastrategian muotoon. Suunnitelman laatimisen aikana kirjattujen kehittämistarpeiden toimenpanoa pyritään edistämään lähivuosina.Samarbetsplanen för bekämpning av fartygsoljeskador och fartygskemikalieolyckor på Finska vikens område har under ledningen av NTMcentralen utarbetats i samarbete mellan flera myndigheter. Planen grundar sig på 13 § i lagen om bekämpning av oljeskador. Syftet med planen är att säkerställa att bekämpningsåtgärderna inleds snabbt och genomförs högklassigt i samarbete mellan myndigheterna i alla olyckssituationer inom verksamhetsområdet. I planen har både Finska vikens särdrag samt olika myndigheters och andra deltagande instansers uppgifter och resurser presenterats. I planen beskrivs de olika skedena och åtgärderna i bekämpningsarbetet. Organisering av bekämpning grundar sig främst på samarbetet mellan räddningsväsendet och övriga bekämpningsmyndigheter samt handräckningsmyndigheter. I bekämpningen av stora olyckor som sker på havsområden behövs alltid resurser som inte ingår i samarbetsområdet. Samarbetet och koordinationen mellan samarbetsområdena och på nationell nivå bör utvecklas. En helhet som bland annat omfattar uppdaterade hotbilder ska utarbetas så att den motsvarar den nationella bekämpningsstrategin. Man strävar efter att inom de närmaste åren främja verkställande av de utvecklingsbehov som antecknats under utarbetande av planen

The Finna Service: Meeting the New Measurement Challenges in Libraries

Purpose In the transformed information environment, the impact and value of the services are not adequately shown using the traditional library metrics. It needs to be supplemented with user-centered ways of measurement. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The paper is a case study of the new Finna service and the measurement challenges it presents. Findings The standards guiding the measurement and evaluation of libraries cannot offer a "cook-book" for the organizations to follow. The paper suggests that as a one possible response to this, the Net Promoter Score can be used as one indicator in measuring the impact of new services. Research limitations/implications The findings of the paper are preliminary, because so far there is not a wide experience of the use of NPS in libraries. This calls for further study. The results are encouraging, but more testing is needed with different services. Originality/value NPS has not been widely used in libraries before.Peer reviewe

Disentangling direct and indirect effects of water table drawdown on above and belowground plant litter decomposition: Consequences for accumulation of organic matter in boreal peatlands.

Pristine peatlands are carbon (C) accumulating wetland ecosystems sustained by a high water table (WT) and consequent anoxia that slows down decomposition. Persistent WT drawdown as a response to climate and/or land-use change affects decomposition either directly through environmental factors such as increased oxygenation, or indirectly through changes in plant community composition. This study attempts to disentangle the direct and indirect effects of WT drawdown by measuring the relative importance of environmental parameters (WT depth, temperature, soil chemistry) and litter type and/or litter chemical quality on the 2-year decomposition rates of above- and belowground litter (altogether 39 litter types). Consequences for organic matter accumulation were estimated based on the annual litter production. The study sites were chosen to form a three stage chronosequence from pristine (undrained) to short-term (years) and long-term (decades) WT drawdown conditions at three nutrient regimes. The direct effects of WT drawdown were overruled by the indirect effects via changes in litter type composition and production. Short-term responses to WT drawdown were small. In long-term, dramatically increased litter inputs resulted in large accumulation of organic matter in spite of increased decomposition rates. Further, the quality of the accumulated matter greatly changed from that accumulated in pristine conditions. Our results show that the shift in vegetation composition as a response to climate and/or land-use change is the main factor affecting peatland ecosystem C cycle and thus dynamic vegetation is a necessity in any models applied for estimating responses of C fluxes to changing environment. We provide possible grouping of litter types into plant functional types that the models could utilize. Further, our results clearly show a drop in soil summer temperature as a response to WT drawdown when an initially open peatland converts into a forest ecosystem, which has not yet been considered in the existing models.Peer reviewe