Cusp-scaling behavior in fractal dimension of chaotic scattering

A topological bifurcation in chaotic scattering is characterized by a sudden change in the topology of the infinite set of unstable periodic orbits embedded in the underlying chaotic invariant set. We uncover a scaling law for the fractal dimension of the chaotic set for such a bifurcation. Our analysis and numerical computations in both two- and three-degrees-of-freedom systems suggest a striking feature associated with these subtle bifurcations: the dimension typically exhibits a sharp, cusplike local minimum at the bifurcation.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Revte

Two-dimensional viscous flow computations of hypersonic scramjet nozzle flowfields at design and off-design conditions

The PARC2D code has been selected to analyze the flowfields of a representative hypersonic scramjet nozzle over a range of flight conditions from Mach 3 to 20. The flowfields, wall pressures, wall skin friction values, heat transfer values and overall nozzle performance are presented

Sheath ionization model of beam emissions from large spacecraft

An analytical model of the charging of a spacecraft emitting electron and ion beams has been applied to the case of large spacecraft. In this model, ionization occurs in the sheath due to the return current. Charge neutralization of spherical space charge flow is examined by solving analytical equations numerically. Parametric studies of potential large spacecraft are performed. As in the case of small spacecraft, the ions created in the sheath by the returning current play a large role in determining spacecraft potential

The construction and evaluation of a word pronunciation test for grades four, five, and six

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

Innermost Stable Circular Orbit of a Spinning Particle in Kerr Spacetime

We study stability of a circular orbit of a spinning test particle in a Kerr spacetime. We find that some of the circular orbits become unstable in the direction perpendicular to the equatorial plane, although the orbits are still stable in the radial direction. Then for the large spin case ($S < \sim O(1)), the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) appears before the minimum of the effective potential in the equatorial plane disappears. This changes the radius of ISCO and then the frequency of the last circular orbit.Comment: 25 pages including 8 figure

Phase diagram of aggregation of oppositely charged colloids in salty water

Aggregation of two oppositely charged colloids in salty water is studied. We focus on the role of Coulomb interaction in strongly asymmetric systems in which the charge and size of one colloid is much larger than the other one. In the solution, each large colloid (macroion) attracts certain number of oppositely charged small colloids ($Z$-ion) to form a complex. If the concentration ratio of the two colloids is such that complexes are not strongly charged, they condense in a macroscopic aggregate. As a result, the phase diagram in a plane of concentrations of two colloids consists of an aggregation domain sandwiched between two domains of stable solutions of complexes. The aggregation domain has a central part of total aggregation and two wings corresponding to partial aggregation. A quantitative theory of the phase diagram in the presence of monovalent salt is developed. It is shown that as the Debye-H\"{u}ckel screening radius $r_s$ decreases, the aggregation domain grows, but the relative size of the partial aggregation domains becomes much smaller. As an important application of the theory, we consider solutions of long double-helix DNA with strongly charged positive spheres (artificial chromatin). We also consider implications of our theory for in vitro experiments with the natural chromatin. Finally, the effect of different shapes of macroions on the phase diagram is discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures. The text is rewritten, but results are not change

Instantons and the singlet-coupling in the chiral quark model

Chiral quark model with a broken-U(3) flavor symmetry can be interpreted as the effective theory of the instanton-dominated non-perturbative QCD. This naturally suggests the possibility of a negative singlet/octet coupling ratio, which has been found, in a previous publication, to be compatible with the phenomenological description of the nucleon spin-flavor structure.Comment: 9 page