665 research outputs found
Municipal sewage sludge compost promotes Mangifera persiciforma tree growth with no risk of heavy metal contamination of soil
4,4′-Bipyridinium bis(oxalato-κ2 O 1,O 2)cuprate(II): an ion-pair complex
The title compound, (C10H10N2)[Cu(C2O4)2] or (4,4′-H2bpy)[Cu(ox)2] (bpy is 4,4′-bipyridine and ox is oxalate), is an ion-pair complex comprising a protonated 4,4′-bipyridinium dication and a square-planar dioxalatocopper(II) dianion. In the centrosymmetric dianion, the CuII centre is coordinated by four O atoms from the two dicrete oxalate ligands [Cu—O = 1.9245 (19) and 1.9252 (17) Å], while the planar dications are also centrosymmetric. Inter-species N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into one-dimensional chains and, together with weak intra-ion C—H⋯O interactions, give a two-dimensional sheet structure
FERI: A Multitask-based Fairness Achieving Algorithm with Applications to Fair Organ Transplantation
Liver transplantation often faces fairness challenges across subgroups
defined by sensitive attributes like age group, gender, and race/ethnicity.
Machine learning models for outcome prediction can introduce additional biases.
To address these, we introduce Fairness through the Equitable Rate of
Improvement in Multitask Learning (FERI) algorithm for fair predictions of
graft failure risk in liver transplant patients. FERI constrains subgroup loss
by balancing learning rates and preventing subgroup dominance in the training
process. Our experiments show that FERI maintains high predictive accuracy with
AUROC and AUPRC comparable to baseline models. More importantly, FERI
demonstrates an ability to improve fairness without sacrificing accuracy.
Specifically, for gender, FERI reduces the demographic parity disparity by
71.74%, and for the age group, it decreases the equalized odds disparity by
40.46%. Therefore, the FERI algorithm advances fairness-aware predictive
modeling in healthcare and provides an invaluable tool for equitable healthcare
systems
Newly identified NO-sensor guanylyl cyclase/connexin 43 association is involved in cardiac electrical function
Background: Guanylyl cyclase, a heme-containing alpha 1 beta 1 heterodimer (GC1), produces cGMP in response to Nitric oxide (NO) stimulation. The NO-GC1-cGMP pathway negatively regulates cardiomyocyte contractility and protects against cardiac hypertrophy-related remodeling. We recently reported that the beta 1 subunit of GC1 is detected at the intercalated disc with connexin 43 (Cx43). Cx43 forms gap junctions (GJs) at the intercalated disc that are responsible for electrical propagation. We sought to determine whether there is a functional association between GC1 and Cx43 and its role in cardiac homeostasis.
Methods and Results: GC1 and Cx43 immunostaining at the intercalated disc and coimmunoprecipitation from membrane fraction indicate that GC1 and Cx43 are associated. Mice lacking the alpha subunit of GC1 (GC alpha 1 knockout mice) displayed a significant decrease in GJ function (dye-spread assay) and Cx43 membrane lateralization. In a cardiac-hypertrophic model, angiotensin II treatment disrupted the GC1-Cx43 association and induced significant Cx43 membrane lateralization, which was exacerbated in GC alpha 1 knockout mice. Cx43 lateralization correlated with decreased Cx43-containing GJs at the intercalated disc, predictors of electrical dysfunction. Accordingly, an ECG revealed that angiotensin II-treated GCa1 knockout mice had impaired ventricular electrical propagation. The phosphorylation level of Cx43 at serine 365, a protein-kinase A upregulated site involved in trafficking/assembly of GJs, was decreased in these models.
Conclusions: GC1 modulates ventricular Cx43 location, hence GJ function, and partially protects from electrical dysfunction in an angiotensin II hypertrophy model. Disruption of the NO-cGMP pathway is associated with cardiac electrical disturbance and abnormal Cx43 phosphorylation. This previously unknown NO/Cx43 signaling could be a protective mechanism against stress-induced arrhythmia
Melaka and its Past
Despite the celebration and promotion of the creative economy, there is still a “dark” side
to creativity. Creativity entails experimentation, chaos and failures. A creative space blends the
aesthetics with chaos, sleek design with experimentation, and economic development with
failed ideas. This case looks at the ambiguous and ambivalent interfaces of history in the
historical city of Melaka (also known as Malacca) in Malaysia.
History, by its definition, is a documentation of the past. Any historical documentation
can be contested and revised. This case will not engage in the debate on revisionist history.
Instead, it will show how history and heritage is negotiated and appropriated under present
circumstances in the historic city of Melaka. The re‐interpretation and revision of history is part
of the everyday creative response to changing circumstances. Such contemporary responses to
the past, however unclear and acrimonious, are the essence of a creative place
Bis(2-aminothiazole-4-acetato)aquazinc(II)
In the title compound, [Zn(C5H5N2O2S)2(H2O)], the central Zn atom (2 site symmetry) is five-coordinated by two N and three O atoms [Zn—N = 2.047 (3) Å, Zn—O = 2.099 (2) and 1.974 (4) Å] in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. Besides one O atom from a water molecule, two 2-aminothiazole-4-acetate ligands provide two N and two O atoms as coordinated atoms. In the crystal structure, intermolecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the molecules into an infinite three-dimensional framework
National and local politics in branding the past
This paper critically examines the relationship between federal and local‐state level
governments in interpreting and presenting the World Heritage brand at two Malaysian
World Heritage sites, George Town and Melaka. The World Heritage status is
internationally recognised. Although the World Heritage brand offers many advantages
in tourism development and destination marketing, what and how the local heritage is
conserved, interpreted and appreciated remains open. This article shows that the
mechanisms of interpreting and presenting the WH status vary according to the
agendas and needs of authorities. This working paper also shows that material heritage
and heritage stories are highly politicized, and the World Heritage recognition has
inevitably become a tool for further ideological intentions
Simulating the collapse transition of a two-dimensional semiflexible lattice polymer
It has been revealed by mean-field theories and computer simulations that the
nature of the collapse transition of a polymer is influenced by its bending
stiffness . In two dimensions, a recent analytical work
demonstrated that the collapse transition of a partially directed lattice
polymer is always first-order as long as is positive
[H. Zhou {\em et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 97}, 158302 (2006)]. Here we
employ Monte Carlo simulation to investigate systematically the effect of
bending stiffness on the static properties of a 2D lattice polymer. The
system's phase-diagram at zero force is obtained. Depending on and the temperature , the polymer can be in one of three phases:
crystal, disordered globule, or swollen coil. The crystal-globule transition is
discontinuous, the globule-coil transition is continuous. At moderate or high
values of the intermediate globular phase disappears and the
polymer has only a discontinuous crystal-coil transition. When an external
force is applied, the force-induced collapse transition will either be
continuous or discontinuous, depending on whether the polymer is originally in
the globular or the crystal phase at zero force. The simulation results also
demonstrate an interesting scaling behavior of the polymer at the force-induced
globule-coil transition.Comment: 16 page
Bis(2-amino-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-κN 3)dichloridocadmium(II)
In the title compound, [CdCl2(C4H6N2S)2], the CdII atom is coordinated by two chlorido ligands and two N atoms of the 2-amino-5-methyl-1,3-thiazole (amtz) ligands in a slightly distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. Intra- and intermolecular N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding stabilizes the crystal structure. A weak S⋯Cl interaction [3.533 (2) Å] is observed between neighboring molecules
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