Injury assessment of common nage-waza judo techniques for amateur judokas

There are few detailed publications that allow performing associations between the technical aspects and the occurrence of injuries. The purpose of this study was to apply a methodology based in recording material to assess the injury risk factors. Common nage-waza judo techniques during regular training of amateur judokas were used as a case study. Novice students (n=193; 100 men and 93 women) from the University of Vigo during five academic years (2003 to 2008) were filmed during the ordinary training period of the technical execution of ten nage-waza techniques. The obtained data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and tpatterns analysis. Thus, it was possible to identify the presence of typical inaccuracies during execution of the technique uncovering the main temporal sequence of errors allowing us to link our findings with the injury occurrence. In order to narrow the unexpected causes of accidents regarding poor technique performance in regular training, this research provides the hidden temporal sequence of errors of common throw techniques, helping professionals to correct the key technical errors in order to prevent diverse type injuries. The methodology developed here could be easily extended to other martial sports.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Detection of the technical-tactical pattern of the scoring actions in judo in the men’s category of -73 kg

The scoring actions determine the judoka winner in a combat. The scientific community has studied them, but these studies are especially descriptive. To this end, the purpose of this study is to discover and analyse the technical-tactical patterns of the scoring actions in judo combat. Ninety-one scoring actions were analysed (−73 kg males, Judo World Championship 2017) using different commonly used analysis techniques within the observational methodology: traditional statistical analysis, T-Patterns detection, sequential analysis delays and polar coordinates analysis. The tendency of scoring with leg and arm projections prevails (seoi-otoshi, ouchi-gari, tai-otoshi and uchi-mata). The more efficient technique on the ground was yoko-shiho-gatame. The waza-ari is three times more frequent than the ippon. The actions score mainly during the final stages of combat. The judokas with favourable scores score more points through immobilisations, with scores equal to leg techniques and with scores against sacrificial techniques. It is important to conduct the combat’s initiative because in most the actions, the judoka that scores has no penalties and the one who does not score does. A common pattern is achieving a waza-ari with a direct leg attack technique or a static arm technique

Effect of teaching method on exercise execution in adolescents’ use of outdoor fitness equipment

The use of outdoor fitness equipment (OFE) is an effective strategy to promote physical activity. The equipment normally includes information panels with phrases and images describing appropriate exercises. However, as using this equipment inappropriately is a potential problem, it is important to find an optimal unsupervised instruction method for correct exercise execution. Our objective in this study was to determine which of several exercise prescription methods, without direct professional supervision, might best instruct adolescents to correctly engage in upper limb motor execution on outdoor flexion-extension equipment. A total of 54 adolescents from a middle socioeconomic level in northwest Spain participated in this descriptive and quasi-experimental study. We randomly assigned members of this convenience sample into three groups who received either video instruction, instruction via images or written panel instructions. We used observational methodology in videographic analysis to evaluate the mistakes participants made in motor execution with each instructional method. We utilized different analytic techniques from observational methodology: statistical analyses (means, standard deviation, confidence intervals, ANOVA, etc.) and detecting T-Patterns with Theme and polar coordinate analysis using HOISAN. Participants who relied on video instructions committed fewer errors than those who relied on panel instructions. The video method prevented loss of information that occurred when instructional images were used. We suggest including a QR code on outdoor fitness equipment in open-air parks to permit users to download an explanatory video to their mobile phones

Analysis of the internal logic of breaking using temporal and sequential parameters

Quantifying the effort of a sport confrontation by determining its temporal structure concerns the scientific community. It has not yet been studied in breaking. The objective was to determine the temporal and sequential structure of men and women breakers. All of the men and women dancers participated in Red Bull BC One 2018 and 2019 (32 women and 32 men). Through observational methodology, we analysed all of the battles (n = 60). In order to obtain the results, we utilised different analytical techniques: descriptive, One-Factor ANOVA, independent sample t-test, effect size and T-Patterns analysis. The level of significance established for the study was ρ ≤ 0.05. The results defined a temporal and sequential structure of the battles of the men and women. Using these results, the breaking professionals would be able to develop precise and adequate training for these athletes. We concluded that there are clear differences between the B-Boys’ and B-Girls’ battles. The men have longer battles, and they use explosive and dynamic movement patterns (Power Move) that lead to shorter and more intense rounds. The women have longer rounds, using patterns with artistic and rhythmic movements (Footwork, Top Rock and Freeze) that lead to less intense outputs, but nevertheless, longer

Detection of the technical and tactical motion of the scorable movements in taekwondo

The objective of the study is to discover and analyze the patterns of the technical and tactical moves that score in combat in taekwondo. We analyzed 209 moves that could be scored (male category, <68 kg, international scene) employing different complementary analytical techniques: analyzing traditional statistics, detection of T-Patterns, consecutive delays and polar coordinates. The existing studies in taekwondo only use technical analysis. The complimentary relationship of technical analysis is a rare experience due to the strength that it entails, with just as much human resources as material resources. This situational analysis provides the technical and tactical aspects of the scorable actions in taekwondo, discovering which standard drivers permit a competitor to score. In the actions targeted towards the face, it is more common to score as a fault, doing the opposite of the actions towards the breastplate. The techniques that are used the most to score are bandal chagui, miro chagui and dolio chagui. Among the technical and tactical moves that score, we highlight the direct attack moves (a kick to the breastplate with the back leg extended bandal chagui), in counterattack and for technical correction. We suggest reinforcing these actions in the trainings

Sex and weight category differences in the temporal combat structure of judokas with visual impairment

The study of the temporal judo combat structure of athletes with visual impairment (VI) needs further research. The objectives of the study were to determine the temporal structure of combat of judo in men and women with VI and establish differences between sexes, within their respective weight categories and between the different minutes of combat. The sample was formed by all the judokas with VI who participated in the 2018 IBSA Judo World Championship (172 men and 95 women). Through observational methodology, we analysed all the combats (n = 365). In order to obtain the results, we used different analytical techniques: descriptive, one-way ANOVA, t-test to show independents, chi-square, effect size and T-Patterns analysis. The level of significance was ρ ≤ .05. The results define a temporal structure by sex and by weight category that allows the judo professionals to plan precise and adequate trainings for the athletes. We conclude that there are differences in the temporal structure of judo combat within the men and women with VI, within their respective weight categories and within the different minutes of combat. The temporal structure of combat has changed more markedly in women and unevenly in the different weight categories for both sexes

Temporary judo combat structure of women with visual impairment

The study of the temporary judo combat structure presents various problems. The judokas (B1-B2-B3) do not compete with equal fighting conditions. The objectives of the study are to determine the temporary structure of judo combat in women with visual impairment, test if the changes in rules have modified the temporality of combat, and establish if there are differences between the visual categories. Of the judokas with visual impairment that competed in the 2018 IBSA Judo World Championship (94 women), all of them participated. By means of observational methodology, we analysed all of the combats (n = 133). In order to obtain the results, we used different analysis techniques: descriptive, one-way ANOVA, t-test to show independents, effect size and detection of t-patterns. The level of significance established for the study was ρ ≤ 0.05. The results determined a temporary structure for each weight category. With these, the judo professionals will be able to develop precise and suitable trainings for these athletes. We conclude that the combat temporality has changed. There are differences among visual categories, the B1 judokas win only a few combats and their combats are shorter. We consider it necessary to equalise the competition conditions

Validation of two instruments for the correct allocation of school furniture in secondary schools to prevent back pain

Background: Back pain is common in secondary school students. If we adjust the school furniture to the anthropometric characteristics of the pupils, we will improve their posture and reduce back pain. There is a high degree of mismatch between the furniture used by students and that which should be used. The objectives of this research are to discover the degree of mismatch and validate two instruments that allow a correct allocation of the furniture. Methods: The selected sample was 132 secondary students (14.08 ± 1.10 years). An anthropometer was used to determine the ideal height of the chair and table; data were taken from body segments. The recorded values were compared with those obtained by the two measurement instruments to be validated. Inter-measurer and intra-measurer reliability and validation were performed using t-tests and Pearson’s coefficient, respectively. Different analysis techniques were used: descriptive, one-way ANOVA, t-test, and effect size. The established level of significance was ρ < 0.05. Results: The mismatch between the anthropometric dimensions of the students and the existing furniture in the classrooms was 98.5 % for the chairs and 100 % for the tables. The correlational analysis of the instruments to be validated shows an r = 0.993 in the chair and r = 0.996 in the table. Conclusions: There is a high degree of mismatch between the furniture and the anthropometric characteristics of the students. The proposed furniture allocation instruments are adequate

Impressão 3D no ajuste dos móveis à antropometria dos alunos

Introducción: El alumnado universitario está una parte considerable de su día sentado, una falta de correspondencia entre las medidas antropométricas del alumnado y las dimensiones del mobiliario de la Facultad, puede tener efectos negativos posturales y académicos. La impresión 3D es una tecnología de fabricación por adición mediante las cual se puede crear un objeto tridimensional, en nuestro podría ser crear piezas para adaptar la altura del mobiliario existente. Objetivos: analizar el grado de ajuste del mobiliario de la Universidad de Vigo a las características antropométricas de su alumnado y buscar soluciones al grado de desajuste por medio de la impresión 3D. Métodos: En la investigación participaron 50 estudiantes universitarios (12 mujeres y 38 hombres). Se realizaron las mediciones de altura poplítea, altura del codo y del hombro sentado, con un antropómetro, para calcular su altura de mobiliario ideal y posteriormente compararlos con el mobiliario que utilizan en clase. Resultados y discusión: Los resultados muestran que para el 50% del alumnado, la silla está dentro de los parámetros ideales. Mientras que el 14% utiliza un modelo de mesa que coincide con sus medidas ideales. La impresión 3D permitiría dar una solución al ajuste del 52% de estudiantes que necesitan una silla más alta. Conclusiones: Existe un desajuste entre las características antropométricas del alumnado y el mobiliario que utilizan. La impresión 3D, es una tecnología a tener en cuenta en la búsqueda de soluciones de ajuste antropométrico.Abstract: Introduction: The university students are a considerable part of their day sitting, a lack of correspondence between the anthropometric measurements of the students and the dimensions of the furniture of the Faculty, can have negative postural and academic effects. 3D printing is an addition manufacturing technology through which a three-dimensional object can be created, in our case it could be creating pieces to adapt the height of the existing furniture. Aim: to analyze the degree of adjustment of the furniture of the University of Vigo to the anthropometric characteristics of its students and to find solutions to the degree of mismatch through 3D printing. Methods: 50 university students (12 women and 38 men) participated in the research. Popliteal height, elbow height and sitting shoulder measurements were made with an anthropometer to calculate their ideal furniture height and then compare them with the furniture they use in class. Results & discussion: The results show that for 50% of the students, the chair is within the ideal parameters. While 14% use a table model that matches their ideal measurements. 3D printing would provide a solution to the adjustment of 52% of students who need a higher seat. Conclusions: There is a mismatch between the anthropometric characteristics of the students and the furniture they use. 3D printing is a technology to consider when looking for anthropometric adjustment solutions.Resumo: Introdução: Os estudantes universitários são uma parte considerável do seu dia sentado, a falta de correspondência entre as medidas antropométricas dos alunos e as dimensões dos móveis da Faculdade, pode ter efeitos posturais e acadêmicos negativos. A impressão 3D é uma tecnologia adicional de fabricação através da qual um objeto tridimensional pode ser criado; no nosso caso, poderia estar criando peças para adaptar a altura dos móveis existentes. Objectivos: analisar o grau de adaptação dos móveis da Universidade de Vigo às características antropométricas de seus alunos e encontrar soluções para o grau de incompatibilidade através da impressão 3D. Métodos: 50 estudantes universitários (12 mulheres e 38 homens) participaram da pesquisa. As medidas de altura poplítea, altura do cotovelo e ombro sentado foram feitas com um antropômetro para calcular a altura ideal dos móveis e compará-las com os móveis usados nas aulas. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados mostram que para 50% dos alunos, a cadeira está dentro dos parâmetros ideais. Enquanto 14% usam um modelo de tabela que corresponde às suas medidas ideais. A impressão 3D forneceria uma solução para o ajuste de 52% dos estudantes que precisam de um assento mais alto. Conclusões: Há uma incompatibilidade entre as características antropométricas dos alunos e os móveis que eles usam. A impressão 3D é uma tecnologia a considerar ao procurar soluções de ajuste antropométrico