Correction: Reactivity of a pyridinium-substituted dimethyldihydropyrene switch under aerobic conditions: self-sensitized photo-oxygenation and thermal release of singlet oxygen

Correction for 'Reactivity of a pyridinium-substituted dimethyldihydropyrene switch under aerobic conditions: self-sensitized photo-oxygenation and thermal release of singlet oxygen' by Saioa Cobo et al., Chem. Commun., 2015, 51, 13886–13889

ESR, raman and conductivity studies on fractionated poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid)

Synthesis methods used to produce poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) (PMAS), a water soluble, self-doped conducting polymer, have been shown to form two distinctly different polymer fractions with molecular weights of approximately 2 kDa and 8 -10 kDa. The low molecular weight (LMWT) PMAS fraction is redox inactive and non-conducting while the high molecular weight (HMWT) PMAS is electro-active with electrical conductivities of 0.94 0.05 S cm-1. Previous investigations have illustrated the different photochemical and electrochemical properties of these fractions, but have not correlated these properties with the structural and electronic interactions that drive them. Incomplete purification of the PMAS mixture, typically via bag dialysis, has been shown to result in a mixture of approximately 50:50 HMWT:LMWT PMAS with electrical conductivity significantly lower at approximately 0.10 to 0.26 S cm-1. The difference between the electrical conductivities of these fractions has been investigated by the controlled addition of the non-conducting LMWT PMAS fraction into the HMWT PMAS composite film with the subsequent electronic properties investigated by solid-state ESR and Raman spectroscopies. These studies illustrate strong electronic intereactions of the insulating LMWT PMAS with the emeraldine salt HMWT PMAS to substantially alter the population of the electronic charge carriers in the conducting polymer. ESR studies on these mixtures, when compared to HMWT PMAS, exhibited a lower level of electron spin in the presence of LMWT PMAS indicative of the the formation of low spin bipolarons without a change the oxidation state of the conducting HMWT fraction

Teaching Story without Struggle: Using Graded Readers and Their Audio Packs in the EFL Classroom

In recent years the support for extensive reading (ER) in English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL) programs has been compelling. When practicing extensive reading, the learner reads a wide variety of texts for pleasure and achieves a general understanding of the content while deciphering unknown words through context. This approach contrasts with intensive reading, a more traditional approach based on a slow, careful reading of a text, with goals of complete comprehension and the identification of specific details and information

Nouveaux matériaux polymères conjugués et métallés (études électrochimiques et photophysiques)

Les modifications, par synthèse chimique, de la structure conjuguée de polymères conducteurs électroniques à base d'oligothiophène et de bipyridine, par incorporation de groupes latéraux et/ou par complexation d'ions métalliques, permettent de moduler les propriétés électroniques et photophysiques du matériau. L'insertion directe d'un chromophore de type ruthénium trisbypiridine par l'intermédiaire de la bipyridine de la matrice autorise un transfert énergétique du semi-conducteur vers le complexe et confère de nouvelles propriétés au matériau. L'étude intensive de ces propriétés par des techniques spectroscopiques (absorption et émission UV-visible), et électrochimiques couplées (spectroscopies UV-visible, infra-rouge et RPE), souligne les relations structure/propriétés pour cette famille de polymères. L'application de ces matériaux comme couche active dans des transistors à effet de champ et des diodes a mis en évidence leurs propriétés en terme de transport et d'électroluminescence.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Supramolecular Networks and Wires Dominated by Intermolecular BiEDOT Interactions

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A new surface-bound molecular switch based on the photochromic dimethyldihydropyrene with light-driven release of singlet oxygen properties

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