Review of the Palaearctic species of Ismaridae Thomson, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea)

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Lateral Organization of Lipid Membranes Induced by Amphiphilic Polymer Inclusions

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Dispersion of calcite by poly(sodium acrylate) prepared by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization

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Embedment of Liposomes into Chitosan Physical Hydrogel for the Delayed Release of Antibiotics or Anaesthetics, and its First ESEM Characterization

International audienceThis work describes the characterization of an original liposomes/hydrogel assembly, and its application as a delayed-release system of antibiotics and anaesthetics. This system corresponds to drugloaded liposomes entrapped within a chitosan (CS) physical hydrogel. To this end, a suspension of pre-formed 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3phosphocoline liposomes loaded with an antibiotic (rifampicin, RIF), an anaesthetic (lidocaine, LID), or a model fluorescent molecule (carboxyfluorescein, CF), was added to a CS solution. The CS gelation was subsequently carried out without any trace of chemical cross-linking agent or organic solvent in the final system. Liposomes within the resulting gelled CS matrix were characterized for the first time by environmental scanning electron microscopy. The release of drugs from the assembly was investigated by fluorescence or UV spectroscopy. The cumulative release profiles of RIF and LID (and also CF for comparison) were found to be lower from the "drug-in-liposomes-in-hydrogel" (DLH) assembly in comparison to "drug-in-hydrogel" (DH) system

Studies of the thermal stability of maleic anhydride co-polymers in aqueous solution

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Slow Reorganization of Small Phosphatidylcholine Vesicles upon Adsorption of Amphiphilic Polymers

International audienceStatic or dynamic light scattering measurements were performed in parallel, on dilute mixtures of DPPC/DPPA vesicles (typical radius 60 nm) and hydrophobically modified polymers. This technique gave evidence of the slow kinetics involved in both the reorganization of an adsorbed polymer layer and the membrane breakage. Hours, or sometimes days, were required in order to follow the variation of both the hydrodynamic radius and the scattering intensity at intermediate stages. Images of the intermediate species were collected using freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM). Comparison of different polymers (of varying molecular weight or structure) revealed the prime importance of hydrophobicity on the disruption of membranes. Although the presence of a few percent of pendant alkyl chains along the polymer backbone induced adsorption to membranes, only the association with the more hydrophobic ones (>25 mol% of pendant octyl groups) resulted in small mixed objects of micellar size (radius about 10 nm). The drop of the mean radius of intermediate structures formed upon the vesicle breakage was also sensitive to temperature. A tentative mechanism was proposed on the basis of kinetics and FFEM studies

Reactive polymers in diagnostics: Syntheses and characterizations of nucleic acid probes and maleic anhydride-co-methyl vinyl ether polymers

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