Of “sluts” and “arseholes”: Antagonistic desire and the production of sexual vigilance

This article examines a contemporary antagonism in gendered safety discourses—the imperative to be free in public space against the obligation to be safe and “properly” feminine. We argue that this produces (and is produced by) contemporary rape culture, which might be contested through recourse to an agonistic ethic. Using qualitative interview data, we examine how participants contest victim-blaming discourses, while limiting how far they will accept the female body’s right to occupy public space. This article has significant implications for approaching social justice, in particular justice for women and their right to occupy public space

Filière « Territoires, espaces, sociétés »

Participants : Isabelle Backouche, Juan Carlos Garavaglia, Nancy L. Green, Alexandra Laclau, Christian Lamouroux, Michèle de La Pradelle, Susanna Magri, Marie-Claude Maurel, Alain Musset, Daniel Nordman, Marie-Vic Ozouf-Marignier, Jacques Poloni-Simard, Paul-André Rosental, Annie Sevin, Annick Tanter-Toubon, Christian Topalov, Caroline Varlet, Nicolas Verdier, Françoise Vergneault-Belmont, François Weil, Pierre-Paul Zalio L’enseignement de la filière s’inscrit dans le cadre du séminaire bimen..

Filière « Territoires, espaces, sociétés »

Participants : Isabelle Backouche, Juan Carlos Garavaglia, Nancy L. Green, Alexandra Laclau, Christian Lamouroux, Michèle de La Pradelle, Susanna Magri, Marie-Claude Maurel, Alain Musset, Daniel Nordman, Marie-Vic Ozouf-Marignier, Jacques Poloni-Simard, Paul-André Rosental, Annie Sevin, Annick Tanter-Toubon, Christian Topalov, Caroline Varlet, Nicolas Verdier, Françoise Vergneault-Belmont, François Weil, Pierre-Paul Zalio L’enseignement de la filière s’inscrit dans le cadre du séminaire bimen..

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Planting nitrogen-fixing trees in tropical Eucalyptus plantations does not increase nutrient losses through drainage

International audiencePlanting nitrogen (N) fixing species can provide substantial levels of N for tree growth, but it can also result in large nutrient losses through deep drainage, threatening soil fertility. Nutrient losses through deep leaching have been little studied in tropical forest plantations and comprehensive studies are needed before planting these species on a large scale. We assessed nutrient fluxes in soil solutions collected in monocultures and mixed plantations of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus grandis in Sao Paulo state (Brazil) on Ferralsols fertilized with potassium, phosphorus and lime. Soil solution sampling began after replanting the trees in an experiment that had already been conducted for six years in a first rotation. We collected soil solutions beneath the forest floor and at depths of 30, 100 and 300 cm, and determined nutrient concentrations monthly for 3.5 years. Drainage fluxes were calculated at the depth of the lysimeters by modeling the water fluxes with Hydrus 1D. The N concentrations in topsoil solutions were generally higher in Acacia than in Eucalyptus monocultures, confirming that the introduction of Acacia increases soil N availability. However, these differences were no more observed at 100 cm depth and total N leaching at 300 cm depth was low in all the treatments, with an average of 4.8 kg N ha- 1 yr -1, probably due to the rapid root system development and high nutrient requirements of these fast-growing trees. Leaching fluxes of K+, Cl-, Ca2+ and Mg2+ peaked in the upper soil layers after fertilizer appli-cations, but the fluxes drastically decreased in deep soil layers. The low fluxes of dissolved nutrients in deep gravitational solutions in our study suggest that the risks of nutrient leaching losses are low in fast-growing plantations established on deep Ferralsols. Our results show that planting N-fixing trees can enhance the N availability for plants without producing large leaching losses, which confirms the interest of mixed plantations with N-fixing trees

Low nutrient losses by deep leaching after clearcutting and replanting Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil

International audienceSustainable management of highly productive eucalypt plantations requires the application of fertilizers to balance nutrient exports associated with biomass removal every 6-7 years. Although deep leaching after clear-cutting is an important component of input-output budgets of nutrients in forest soils, accurate quantifications are rare in tropical plantations. Our study aimed to assess the consequences of management practices in highly productive eucalypt plantations on nutrient losses by deep leaching in two hillslope positions with contrasting soil types. Soil solutions were continuously collected using lysimeters down to a depth of 3 m, in the last year before the clear-cutting, then in the first 3.5 years after replanting. Concentrations of the main cations and anions were determined monthly and fluxes of gravitational solutions at the depths where the lysimeters were installed were estimated using the Hydrus 1D model, calibrated in situ. Stand productivity was high in both landscape positions with a mean basal area at harvest of 35 m2 ha-1 at the bottom of the slope and 27 m2 ha-1 at the top of the slope. Soil solution chemistry in the topsoil was highly responsive to management practices with sharp increases in ionic charges after clearcutting and fertilizer applications. While leaching fluxes of mobile ions (especially N-NO3-, K+ and Mg2+) reached values greater than 30 kg ha-1 yr-1 at a depth of 1 m after clear-cutting, they remained lower than 3 kg ha-1 yr-1 at a depth of 3 m both in the upper and lower hillslope positions throughout the rotation. Our study suggests that splitting fertilizer applications may not be necessary in tropical Eucalyptus plantations established in very deep tropical soils

Filière « Territoires, espaces, sociétés »

Participants : Isabelle Backouche, Juan Carlos Garavaglia, Nancy L. Green, Alexandra Laclau, Christian Lamouroux, Michèle de La Pradelle, Susanna Magri, Alain Musset, Daniel Nordman, Marie-Vic Ozouf-Marignier, Jacques Poloni-Simard, Paul-André Rosental, Annie Sevin, Annick Tanter-Toubon, Christian Topalov, Caroline Varlet, Françoise Vergneault-Belmont, Florence Weber, François Weil, Pierre-Paul Zalio L’enseignement dispensé cette année a comporté deux volets. Un séminaire collectif sur le thè..