An Automated Recording Method in Clinical Consultation to Rate the Limp in Lower Limb Osteoarthritis

For diagnosis and follow up, it is important to be able to quantify limp in an objective, and precise way adapted to daily clinical consultation. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if an inertial sensor-based method could provide simple features that correlate with the severity of lower limb osteoarthritis evaluated by the WOMAC index without the use of step detection in the signal processing. Forty-eight patients with lower limb osteoarthritis formed two severity groups separated by the median of the WOMAC index (G1, G2). Twelve asymptomatic age-matched control subjects formed the control group (G0). Subjects were asked to walk straight 10 meters forward and 10 meters back at self-selected walking speeds with inertial measurement units (IMU) (3-D accelerometers, 3-D gyroscopes and 3-D magnetometers) attached on the head, the lower back (L3-L4) and both feet. Sixty parameters corresponding to the mean and the root mean square (RMS) of the recorded signals on the various sensors (head, lower back and feet), in the various axes, in the various frames were computed. Parameters were defined as discriminating when they showed statistical differences between the three groups. In total, four parameters were found discriminating: mean and RMS of the norm of the acceleration in the horizontal plane for contralateral and ipsilateral foot in the doctor’s office frame. No discriminating parameter was found on the head or the lower back. No discriminating parameter was found in the sensor linked frames. This study showed that two IMUs placed on both feet and a step detection free signal processing method could be an objective and quantitative complement to the clinical examination of the physician in everyday practice. Our method provides new automatically computed parameters that could be used for the comprehension of lower limb osteoarthritis. It may not only be used in medical consultation to score patients but also to monitor the evolution of their clinical syndrome during and after rehabilitation. Finally, it paves the way for the quantification of gait in other fields such as neurology and for monitoring the gait at a patient’s home

Products of cultured neuroglial cells: II. The production of fibronectin by C6 glioma cells

The possibility of fibronectin production by C6 glioma cells was examined with assays which require protein synthesis. Proteins produced by C6 cells using radiolabeled amino acid precursors were tested for affinity to collagen by binding to immobilized gelatin. The predominant collagen binding protein made by C6 coelectrophoresed with fibronectin synthesized by control fibroblasts and with the larger of the two proteins in unlabeled fibronectin when applied to polyacrylamide gels with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). In addition, C6 produced a larger collagen binding protein of approximately 270,000 molecular weight. Solubilities in urea solutions of the collagen-binding proteins made by C6 cells and fibroblasts were similar. Immunofluorescence showed fibronectin associated with the C6 cell monolayer, but less abundant than the fibronectin associated with fibroblasts. Results provide evidence for the production of fibronectin by the C6 glioma cell line.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45400/1/11064_2004_Article_BF00964399.pd

Primerjava toksičnosti etanola in acetaldehida za podganje astrocite v primarni kulturi

This study compared the effects of toxicity of ethanol and its first metabolite acetaldehyde in rat astrocytes through cell viability and cell proliferation. The cells were treated with different concentrations of ethanol in the presence or absence of a catalase inhibitor 2-amino-1,2,4 triazole (AMT) or with different concentrations of acetaldehyde. Cell viability was assessed using the trypan blue test. Cell proliferation was assessed after 24 hours and after seven days of exposure to either ethanol or acetaldehyde. We showed that both ethanol and acetaldehyde decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. In proliferation studies, after seven days of exposure to either ethanol or acetaldehyde, we observed a significant dose-dependent decrease in cell number. The protein content study showed biphasic dose-response curves, after 24 hours and seven days of exposure to either ethanol or acetaldehyde. Co-incubation in the presence of AMT significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of ethanol on cell proliferation. We concluded that long-term exposure of astrocytes to ethanol is more toxic than acute exposure. Acetaldehyde is a much more potent toxin than ethanol, and at least a part of ethanol toxicity is due to ethanol’s first metabolite acetaldehyde.V študiji smo primerjali toksičnost etanola in njegovega prvega metabolita acetaldehida za podganje astrocite z določitvijo celične viabilnosti in proliferacije. Celične kulture smo tretirali z različnimi koncentracijami etanola, etanola v prisotnosti inhibitorja katalaze 2-amino-1,2,4 triazol-a (AMT) ali z različnimi koncentracijami acetaldehida. Celično viabilnost smo vrednotili s pomočjo testa s tripanskim modrilom, celično proliferacijo pa s štetjem celic in določitvijo koncentracije proteinov po 24-urni, kot tudi 7-dnevni izpostavljenosti. S študijo smo pokazali, da tako etanol kot tudi acetaldehid v odvisnosti od njune koncentracije zmanjšata celično viabilnost. V študiji proliferacije sta etanol in acetaldehid, v odvisnosti od njunih koncentracij, značilno zmanjšala število celic po 7-dnevni izpostavljenosti. Pri ugotavljanju vsebnosti proteinov smo dobili bifazno krivuljo tako po 24-urni, kot tudi po 7-dnevni izpostavljenosti različnim koncentracijam etanola oziroma acetaldehida. Prisotnost AMT je signifi kantno zmanjšala učinek etanola na celično proliferacijo. Zaključimo lahko, da je dolgotrajna izpostavljenost astrocitov etanolu bolj toksična kot akutna. Acetaldehid je močnejši toksin kot etanol in vsaj del toksičnosti etanola je posledica delovanja njegovega prvega metabolita, acetaldehida

Intra-parasequence architecture of an interpreted asymetrical wave-dominated delta

International audienceAlthough modern wave-dominated shorelines exhibit complex geomorphologies, their ancient counterparts are typically described in terms of shoreface-shelf parasequences with a simple internal architecture. This discrepancy can lead to poor discrimination between, and incorrect identification of, different types of wave-dominated shoreline in the stratigraphic record. Documented in this paper are the variability in facies characteristics, high-resolution stratigraphic architecture and interpreted palaeo-geomorphology within a single parasequence that is interpreted to record the advance of an ancient asymmetrical wave-dominated delta. The Standardville (Ab1) parasequence of the Aberdeen Member, Blackhawk Formation is exposed in the Book Cliffs of central Utah, USA. This parasequence, and four others in the Aberdeen Member, record the eastward progradation of north/south-trending, wave-dominated shorelines. Within the Standardville (Ab1) parasequence, distal wave-dominated shoreface-shelf deposits in the eastern part of the study area are overlain across a downlap surface by southward prograding fluvial-dominated delta-front deposits, which have previously been assigned to a separate 'stranded lowstand parasequence' formed by a significant, allogenic change in relative sea-level. High-resolution stratigraphic analysis of these deposits reveals that they are instead more likely to record a single episode of shoreline progradation characterized by alternating periods of normal regressive and forced regressive shoreline trajectory because of minor cyclical fluctuations in relative sea-level. Interpreted normal regressive shoreline trajectories within the wavedominated shoreface-shelf deposits are marked by aggradational stacking of bedsets bounded by non-depositional discontinuity surfaces. Interpreted forced regressive shoreline trajectories in the same deposits are characterized by shallow incision of fluvial distributary channels and strongly progradational stacking of bedsets bounded by erosional discontinuity surfaces that record enhanced wave-base scour. Fluvial-dominated deltafront deposits most probably record the regression of a lobate delta parallel to the regional shoreline into an embayment that was sheltered from wave influence. Wave-dominated shoreface-shelf and fluvial-dominated delta-front deposits occur within the same parasequence, and their interpretation as the respective updrift and downdrift flanks of a single asymmetrical wave-dominated delta that periodically shifted its position provides the most straightforward explanation of the distribution and relative orientation of these two deposit types

Mechanisms of collagen trimer assembly

International audiencexx

Composition and organization of the extracellular matrix of vein walls: collagen networks.

International audienceAs there are few recent reports concerning the structure and exact composition of the extracellular matrix from human normal and varicose veins, we carried out comparative immunohistochemical analysis of vessel wall using conventional and confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence techniques. The present report is a rapid review of the structure and function of the 19 known collagen types and our first results on the distribution of collagen types VI, XII and XIV and laminin (glycoprotein from basement membrane) in vein walls. Type VI collagen is concentrated in the sub-endothelium and widely distributed in the media and adventice. For the first time, we demonstrated that both FACIT (fibril-associated) collagens XII and XIV were present in the vein wall, but at different anatomic sites.As there are few recent reports concerning the structure and exact composition of the extracellular matrix from human normal and varicose veins, we carried out comparative immunohistochemical analysis of vessel wall using conventional and confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence techniques. The present report is a rapid review of the structure and function of the 19 known collagen types and our first results on the distribution of collagen types VI, XII and XIV and laminin (glycoprotein from basement membrane) in vein walls. Type VI collagen is concentrated in the sub-endothelium and widely distributed in the media and adventice. For the first time, we demonstrated that both FACIT (fibril-associated) collagens XII and XIV were present in the vein wall, but at different anatomic sites

Influence of diet compositions and drinking waters on the stables carbon and oxygen isotopes ratios of gallus gallus eggs

International audienc

Type X collagen in rabbit and human meniscus.

International audiencexx