5,669 research outputs found
Immigrant Heterogeneity and the Earnings Distribution in the United Kingdom and United States: New Evidence from a Panel Data Quantile Regression Analysis
In this paper we use a relatively new panel data quantile regression technique to examine native-immigrant earnings differentials 1) throughout the conditional wage distribution, and 2) controlling for individual heterogeneity. No previous papers have simultaneously considered these factors. We focus on both women and men, using longitudinal data from the PSID and the BHPS. We show that country of origin, country of residence, and gender are all important deter- minants of the earnings differential. For instance, a large wage penalty occurs in the U.S. among female immigrants from non-English speaking countries, and the penalty is most negative among the lowest (conditional) wages. On the other hand, women in Britain experience hardly any immigrant-native wage differential. We find evidence suggesting that immigrant men in the U.S. and the U.K. earn lower wages, but the most significant results are found for British workers emigrating from non-English speaking countries. The various differentials we report in this paper reveal the value of combining quantile regression with controls for individual heterogeneity in better understanding immigrant wage effects
On particle filters applied to electricity load forecasting
We are interested in the online prediction of the electricity load, within
the Bayesian framework of dynamic models. We offer a review of sequential Monte
Carlo methods, and provide the calculations needed for the derivation of
so-called particles filters. We also discuss the practical issues arising from
their use, and some of the variants proposed in the literature to deal with
them, giving detailed algorithms whenever possible for an easy implementation.
We propose an additional step to help make basic particle filters more robust
with regard to outlying observations. Finally we use such a particle filter to
estimate a state-space model that includes exogenous variables in order to
forecast the electricity load for the customers of the French electricity
company \'Electricit\'e de France and discuss the various results obtained
Consistency of the posterior distribution and MLE for piecewise linear regression
We prove the weak consistency of the posterior distribution and that of the
Bayes estimator for a two-phase piecewise linear regression mdoel where the
break-point is unknown. The non-differentiability of the likelihood of the
model with regard to the break- point parameter induces technical difficulties
that we overcome by creating a regularised version of the problem at hand. We
first recover the strong consistency of the quantities of interest for the
regularised version, using results about the MLE, and we then prove that the
regularised version and the original version of the problem share the same
asymptotic properties
From Proof Nets to the Free *-Autonomous Category
In the first part of this paper we present a theory of proof nets for full
multiplicative linear logic, including the two units. It naturally extends the
well-known theory of unit-free multiplicative proof nets. A linking is no
longer a set of axiom links but a tree in which the axiom links are subtrees.
These trees will be identified according to an equivalence relation based on a
simple form of graph rewriting. We show the standard results of
sequentialization and strong normalization of cut elimination. In the second
part of the paper we show that the identifications enforced on proofs are such
that the class of two-conclusion proof nets defines the free *-autonomous
category.Comment: LaTeX, 44 pages, final version for LMCS; v2: updated bibliograph
The Information Content of Implied Probabilities to Detect Structural Change
This paper proposes Pearson-type statistics based on implies probabilities to detect structural change. The class of generalized empirical likelihood estimators (see Smith (1997)) assigns a set of probabilities to each observation such that moment conditions are satisfied. These restricted probabilities are called implied probabilities. Implied probabilities may also be constructed for the standard GMM (see Back and Brown (1993)). The proposed test statistics for structural change are based on the information content in these implied probabilities. We consider cases of structural change with unknown breakpoint which can occur in the parameters of interest or in the overidentifying restrictions used to estimate these parameters. The test statistics considered here have good size and power properties.Generalized empirical likelihood, generalized method of moments, parameter instability, structural change
Immigrant Heterogeneity and the Earnings Distribution in the United Kingdom and United States: New Evidence from a Panel Data Quantile Regression Analysis
In this paper we use a relatively new panel data quantile regression technique to examine native-immigrant earnings differentials 1) throughout the conditional wage distribution, and 2) controlling for individual heterogeneity. No previous papers have simultaneously considered these factors. We focus on both women and men, using longitudinal data from the PSID and the BHPS. We show that country of origin, country of residence, and gender are all important determinants of the earnings differential. For instance, a large wage penalty occurs in the U.S. among female immigrants from non-English speaking countries, and the penalty is most negative among the lowest (conditional) wages. On the other hand, women in Britain experience hardly any immigrant-native wage differential. We find evidence suggesting that immigrant men in the U.S. and the U.K. earn lower wages, but the most significant results are found for British workers emigrating from non-English speaking countries. The various differentials we report in this paper reveal the value of combining quantile regression with controls for individual heterogeneity in better understanding immigrant wage effects.immigrants, earnings, quantile regression, panel data
An evaluation of possible relationships between solar activity and tree-ring growth in western North America
Relationship between tree ring growth variations and solar activity since 1700 in western North Americ
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