Error Field Correction in DIII-D Ohmic Plasmas with Either Handedness

The expression for the overlap, Equation (1) in the published article at Nuclear Fusion 51 (2011) 023003, was incorrect and should be replaced by (SEE PAPER

A protected complex of biofactors and antioxidants improved growth performance and modulated the immunometabolic phenotype of broiler chickens undergoing early life stress

ABSTRACT: We evaluated the supplementation of a protected complex of biofactors and antioxidants [P(BF+AOx)] on growth performance, antioxidant activity, expression of immune-related genes, and immunometabolic phenotype of broilers submitted to early life stressors. The treatments were a nutritionally complete basal diet supplemented or not with P(BF+AOx) (Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada) from 1 to 14 d of age. 720 one-day old male Ross 308 chickens were placed into pens of 30 birds (12 replicates/treatment). Birds were double-vaccinated against infectious bronchitis (IB; MILDVAC-Ma5T) at the hatchery and submitted, on d 3, to an acute reduction on environmental temperature (from 32° C to 20°C) for 48 h. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated weekly. On d 7 and 15, samples were collected for expression of immune-related genes and kinome array analysis, and serum to evaluate the antioxidant status. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using SAS (SAS 9.4). From d 1 to 21 and d 1 to 28, the dietary supplementation of P(BF+AOx) significantly increased BWG (P < 0.05) by 3.6 and 3.8%, respectively, and improved FCR (P < 0.05) by 1.2 and 1.8%, respectively. From d 1 to 35, dietary supplementation enhanced BWG (P = 0.03) by 4%. Serum glutathione reductase activity on d 15 was higher in birds fed diets supplemented with P(BF+AOx) compared to the control diet-fed birds (P = 0.04). Dietary supplementation reduced the expression of IL-1β (P = 0.03) in the lungs on d 7. On d 15, dietary supplementation increased the expression of IL-6 (P = 0.02) and IL-10 (P = 0.03) in the liver. It was observed that, via decreased phosphorylation, catalase was activated in the jejunum and liver, and the phosphorylation of immunoregulatory or proinflammatory proteins was decreased. Other important cellular signaling pathways were also changed in the liver and jejunum due to the supplementation. The supplementation of P(BF+AOx) improves growth performance by promoting a general anti-inflammatory and antioxidant response in chickens undergoing early life stress

Physics of Plasmas Modeling of Feedback and Rotation Stabilization of the Resistive Wall Mode in Tokamaks

Steady-state operation of the advanced tokamak reactor relies on maintaining plasma stability with respect to the resistive wall mode ~RWM!. Active magnetic feedback and plasma rotation are the two methods proposed and demonstrated for this purpose. A comprehensive modeling effort including both magnetic feedback and plasma rotation is needed for understanding the physical mechanisms of the stabilization and to project to future devices. For plasma with low rotation, a complete solution for the feedback issue is obtained by assuming the plasma obeys ideal magnetohydrodynamics ~MHDs! and utilizing a normal mode approach ~NMA! @M. S. Chu et al., Nucl. Fusion 43, 441 ~2003!#. It is found that poloidal sensors are more effective than radial sensors and coils inside of the vacuum vessel more effective than outside. For plasmas with non-negligible rotation, a comprehensive linear nonideal MHD code, the MARS-F has been found to be suitable. MARS-F @Y. Q. Liu et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 3681 ~2000!# has been benchmarked in the ideal MHD limit against the NMA. The effect of rotation stabilization of the plasma depends on the plasma dissipation model. Broad qualitative features of the experiment are reproduced. Rotation reduces the feedback gain required for RWM stabilization. Reduction is significant when rotation is near the critical rotation speed needed for stabilization. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ~ITER! @R. Aymar et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 44, 519 ~2002!# ~scenario IV for advanced tokamak operation! may be feedback stabilized with babove the no wall limit and up to an increment of ;50% towards the ideal limit. Rotation further improves the stability

Physics of Plasmas Modeling of Feedback and Rotation Stabilization of the Resistive Wall Mode in Tokamaks

Steady-state operation of the advanced tokamak reactor relies on maintaining plasma stability with respect to the resistive wall mode ~RWM!. Active magnetic feedback and plasma rotation are the two methods proposed and demonstrated for this purpose. A comprehensive modeling effort including both magnetic feedback and plasma rotation is needed for understanding the physical mechanisms of the stabilization and to project to future devices. For plasma with low rotation, a complete solution for the feedback issue is obtained by assuming the plasma obeys ideal magnetohydrodynamics ~MHDs! and utilizing a normal mode approach ~NMA! @M. S. Chu et al., Nucl. Fusion 43, 441 ~2003!#. It is found that poloidal sensors are more effective than radial sensors and coils inside of the vacuum vessel more effective than outside. For plasmas with non-negligible rotation, a comprehensive linear nonideal MHD code, the MARS-F has been found to be suitable. MARS-F @Y. Q. Liu et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 3681 ~2000!# has been benchmarked in the ideal MHD limit against the NMA. The effect of rotation stabilization of the plasma depends on the plasma dissipation model. Broad qualitative features of the experiment are reproduced. Rotation reduces the feedback gain required for RWM stabilization. Reduction is significant when rotation is near the critical rotation speed needed for stabilization. The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ~ITER! @R. Aymar et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 44, 519 ~2002!# ~scenario IV for advanced tokamak operation! may be feedback stabilized with babove the no wall limit and up to an increment of ;50% towards the ideal limit. Rotation further improves the stability

Biological and ecological factors related to trace element levels in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from European waters

Publicado

On the use of fatty acids and trace elements to delineate a ecological stock of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in the North-eastern Atlantic

27th Conference of the European Cetacean Society, Interdisciplinary Approaches in the Study of Marine Mammals, 8th-10th April 2013, Setúbal, PortugalThis study used ecological tracers in order to provide new information about stock structure and trophic ecology of short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in European watersN

Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (Oxaliplatin) for Unresectable Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases: A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase II Trial (CRC-PIPAC)

Background Despite its increasing use, pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy with oxaliplatin (PIPAC-OX) has never been prospectively investigated as a palliative monotherapy for colorectal peritoneal metastases in clinical trials. This trial aimed to assess the safety (primary aim) and antitumor activity (key secondary aim) of PIPAC-OX monotherapy in patients with unresectable colorectal peritoneal metastases. Methods In this two-center, single-arm, phase II trial, patients with isolated unresectable colorectal peritoneal metastases in any line of palliative treatment underwent 6-weekly PIPAC-OX (92 mg/m(2)). Key outcomes were major treatment-related adverse events (primary outcome), minor treatment-related adverse events, hospital stay, tumor response (radiological, biochemical, pathological, ascites), progression-free survival, and overall survival. Results Twenty enrolled patients underwent 59 (median 3, range 1-6) PIPAC-OX procedures. Major treatment-related adverse events occurred in 3 of 20 (15%) patients after 5 of 59 (8%) procedures (abdominal pain, intraperitoneal hemorrhage, iatrogenic pneumothorax, transient liver toxicity), including one possibly treatment-related death (sepsis of unknown origin). Minor treatment-related adverse events occurred in all patients after 57 of 59 (97%) procedures, the most common being abdominal pain (all patients after 88% of procedures) and nausea (65% of patients after 39% of procedures). Median hospital stay was 1 day (range 0-3). Response rates were 0% (radiological), 50% (biochemical), 56% (pathological), and 56% (ascites). Median progression-free and overall survival were 3.5 months (interquartile range [IQR] 2.5-5.7) and 8.0 months (IQR 6.3-12.6), respectively. Conclusions In patients with unresectable colorectal peritoneal metastases undergoing PIPAC-OX monotherapy, some major adverse events occurred and minor adverse events were common. The clinical relevance of observed biochemical, pathological, and ascites responses remains to be determined, especially since radiological response was absent