Stachys tmolea Boiss. in Metanol ve Aseton ekstraktlarının toplam fenolik içeriği, antioksidan özellikleri ve element konsantrasyonları

DPPH radical scavenging, total antioxidant status, phenolic and element concentrations of the different solvent extracts of Stachys tmolea Boiss. were determined in the study. It was found that, the methanol extract of the plant contains total phenolic substance is 68.91±1.4 mg Gallic acid equivalant/g extract. % DPPH radical inhibition was 64.79±1.98 and total antioxidant status was 2.28±0.21 mmol Trolox Equiv./L. The acetone extract contains total phenolic substance (27.26±1.2 mg GAE/g extract). % DPPH radical was 50.33±2.05, and total antioxidant status was 0.57±0.04 mmol Trolox Equiv./L. It is seen that, the methanol extract has properties close to the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxy anisole (total phenolic substance concentration is 82.33±2.1 mg GAE/g). It is determined that the species also contains elements such as Cu, Mn, and Fe that participate in superoxide dismutase and catalase. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of Stachys tmolea exhibits radical scavenging and antioxidative properties. The species is thought to be a plant that can evaluate in phytotherapy studies due to the important elements it contains.Bu çalışmada Stachys tmolea Boiss. farklı çözücü ekstraktlarının DPPH radikal süpürücü ve toplam antioksidan aktivite ile fenolik ve element konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Bitkinin metanol özütünün toplam fenolik madde içeriği 68.91±1.4 mg GAE/g ekstre olarak tespit edilmiştir. % DPPH radikal inhibisyonu 64.79±1.98 ve toplam antioksidan aktivitesi 2.28±0.21 mmol Trolox eşdeğeri/L dir. Aseton özütü 27,26±1,2 mg GAE/g ekstre toplam fenolik madde içerir. % DPPH radikali inhibisyonu 50.33±2.05 ve toplam antioksidan aktivitesi 0.57±0.04 mmol Trolox eşdeğeri/L dir. Metanol ekstraktının sentetik bir antioksidan olan bütillenmiş hidroksi anizole (toplam fenolik madde konsantrasyonu 82.33±2.1 mg GAE/g) yakın özelliklere sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Türün ayrıca süperoksit dismutaz ve katalaz enziminin yapısındfa bulunan Cu, Mn, Fe gibi elementleri de içerdiği belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, Stachys tmolea'nın metanolik özütü, radikal süpürücü ve antioksidatif özellikler sergiler. Türün içerdiği önemli elementler nedeniyle fitoterapi çalışmalarında değerlendirilebilecek bir bitki olduğu düşünülmektedir

LC-MS/MS profiles, multi-element levels and biological activities of Hypericum heterophyllum Vent

Plants belonging to the genus Hypericum L. are widely used in traditional folk medicine due to their hypericin and pseudohypericin contents. In this study, we investigated the biological activity, phenolic and elemental content of methanol and acetone extracts of sheepskin grass, Hypericum heterophyllum Vent. a species that that lacks both hypericin and pseudohypericin. The total antioxidant status of the extracts was determined by commercial kits. Antibacterial effect of extracts was investigated on seven bacterial strains. Cytotoxic effects of the extracts on lung cancer cell lines were determined by MTT (3-4,5-dimethyl-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Phenolic content was determined by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Elements in the plant were determined by ICP-OES. The total phenolic content and antioxidant status of the species’ methanol extract were found to be higher than the acetone extract. Both of the extracts at a concentration of 20% have an antibacterial effect, especially the antibacterial effect of acetone extract. It was determined that acetone extract has an anticarcinogenic impact depending on the dose. Chlorogenic acid, miquelianin and isoquercitrin are the most abundant flavonoids in methanol and acetone extract. The plant contains Ca, K, and Mg elements in high concentrations. The phenolic substances and elements in H. heterophyllum, widely used in our country, have been presented for the first time in the literature. Besides, it can be said that the plant has antioxidant, anticarcinogen, and antimicrobial activities due to the crucial flavonoids and elements it contain

Anti-inflammatory effects of royal jelly on ethylene glycol induced renal inflammation in rats

ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, anti-inflammatory effects of Royal Jelly were investigated by inducing renal inflammation in rats with the use of ethylene glycol. For this purpose, the calcium oxalate urolithiasis model was obtained by feeding rats with ethylene glycol in drinking water. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided in five study groups. The 1st group was determined as the control group. The rats in the 2nd group received ethylene glycol (1%) in drinking water. The rats in the 3rd group were daily fed with Royal Jelly by using oral gavage. The 4th group was determined as the preventive group and the rats were fed with ethylene glycol (1%) in drinking water while receiving Royal Jelly via oral gavage. The 5th group was determined as the therapeutic group and received ethylene glycol in drinking water during the first 2 weeks of the study and Royal Jelly via oral gavage during the last 2 weeks of the study. Results: At the end of the study, proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 levels in blood and renal tissue samples from the rats used in the application were measured. Conclusion: The results have shown that ethylene glycol does induce inflammation and renal damage. This can cause the formation of reactive oxygen species. Royal Jelly is also considered to have anti-inflammatory effects due to its possible antiradical and antioxidative effects. It can have positive effects on both the prevention of urolithiasis and possible inflammation during the existing urolithiasis and support the medical treatment

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Mustard Oil and Engine Performance Tests

Bu çalışmada hardal yağından biyodizel üretim sürecinin optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Optimizasyon süreci metanol/yağ oranı, katalizör konsantrasyonu reaksiyonu süresi ve sıcaklığı gibi parametrelere göre ele alınmıştır. Değişen oranlarda hardal yağı-dizel karışımından elde edilen biyodizel yakıtının motor performansına ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkileri incelenmiştir. Biyodizel oranı arttıkça içten yanmalı motorun güç ve momenti azalırken, özgül yakıt tüketimi (SFC) artmıştır. Ayrıca, biyodizel, dizel yakıtları ve biyodizel-dizel yakıtlarının karışımlarının NOx ve CO emisyonları karşılaştırılmıştır. Hardal yağı biyodizelinin emisyon değerlerinin dizel yakıttan düşük olduğu görülmüştür..In this study mustard oil produced from biodiesel production process are optimized. Parameters such as methanol / oil ratio, the catalyst concentration, reaction time and temperature have been investigated in the optimization process. Mustard oil-diesel fuel consisting of blends at the different proportions has been examined effects on engine performance and exhaust emissions. While proportion of biodiesel rising, power and torque of the internal combustion engine are reduced and specific fuel consumption (SFC) is increased. In addition, biodiesel, diesel fuels and blends of biodiesel-diesel fuels were investigated and their compared to NOx and CO emissions. It is found that biodiesel of mustard oil emissions more less than that of diesel fuel

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Mustard Oil and Engine Performance Tests

Bu çalışmada hardal yağından biyodizel üretim sürecinin optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Optimizasyon süreci metanol/yağ oranı, katalizör konsantrasyonu reaksiyonu süresi ve sıcaklığı gibi parametrelere göre ele alınmıştır. Değişen oranlarda hardal yağı-dizel karışımından elde edilen biyodizel yakıtının motor performansına ve egzoz emisyonlarına etkileri incelenmiştir. Biyodizel oranı arttıkça içten yanmalı motorun güç ve momenti azalırken, özgül yakıt tüketimi (SFC) artmıştır. Ayrıca, biyodizel, dizel yakıtları ve biyodizel-dizel yakıtlarının karışımlarının NOx ve CO emisyonları karşılaştırılmıştır. Hardal yağı biyodizelinin emisyon değerlerinin dizel yakıttan düşük olduğu görülmüştür..In this study mustard oil produced from biodiesel production process are optimized. Parameters such as methanol / oil ratio, the catalyst concentration, reaction time and temperature have been investigated in the optimization process. Mustard oil-diesel fuel consisting of blends at the different proportions has been examined effects on engine performance and exhaust emissions. While proportion of biodiesel rising, power and torque of the internal combustion engine are reduced and specific fuel consumption (SFC) is increased. In addition, biodiesel, diesel fuels and blends of biodiesel-diesel fuels were investigated and their compared to NOx and CO emissions. It is found that biodiesel of mustard oil emissions more less than that of diesel fuel

Assessment of Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Safranal on CCI4-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats

Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of safranal on damage induced by CCl4. Experimental animals were divided into five groups. The first group was determined as the control group and no treatment was conducted. Second group rats were administered 1 mL/kg-day CCI4 during the experiment. Rats in Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered 1 mL/kg-day CCI4 and 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg safranal, respectively via gavage. Oxidative-antioxidant parameters, liver function enzymes and inflammatory cytokine levels were determined in liver samples obtained from the rats. Data analysis demonstrated that oxidative stress and inflammation markers were significantly higher in CCI4 administered groups (p<0.05). Antioxidant parameters in high-dose safranal administered groups were not different when compared to the control group. Safranal had ameliorating effects on the increased liver function enzymes activities in CCI4 administered groups. In conclusion, it was observed that CCI4 administration led to hepatic damage and increased oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels. It was observed that particularly high-dose administration of safranal promoted the antioxidant system. Safranal administration was not effective on IL-1β levels. However, high-dose (100 mg/kg) safranal was found to be inflammatory against TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines. In conclusion, it can be said that safranal has an anti-inflammatory potential and has a strong antioxidative effect

Assessment of Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Safranal on CCI4-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats

PubMed ID: 31141017The present study aimed to determine the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of safranal on damage induced by CCl4. Experimental animals were divided into five groups. The first group was determined as the control group and no treatment was conducted. Second group rats were administered 1 mL/kg-day CCI4 during the experiment. Rats in Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered 1 mL/kg-day CCI4 and 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg safranal, respectively via gavage. Oxidative-antioxidant parameters, liver function enzymes and inflammatory cytokine levels were determined in liver samples obtained from the rats. Data analysis demonstrated that oxidative stress and inflammation markers were significantly higher in CCI4 administered groups (p<0.05). Antioxidant parameters in high-dose safranal administered groups were not different when compared to the control group. Safranal had ameliorating effects on the increased liver function enzymes activities in CCI4 administered groups. In conclusion, it was observed that CCI4 administration led to hepatic damage and increased oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine levels. It was observed that particularly high-dose administration of safranal promoted the antioxidant system. Safranal administration was not effective on IL-1? levels. However, high-dose (100 mg/kg) safranal was found to be inflammatory against TNF-? and IL-6 cytokines. In conclusion, it can be said that safranal has an anti-inflammatory potential and has a strong antioxidative effect

LC-MS/MS profiles, multielement levels and biological activities of Hypericum heterophyllum Vent.

743-752Plants belonging to the genus Hypericum L. are widely used in traditional folk medicine due to their hypericin and pseudohypericin contents. In this study, we investigated the biological activity, phenolic and elemental content of methanol and acetone extracts of sheepskin grass, Hypericum heterophyllum Vent. a species that that lacks both hypericin and pseudohypericin. The total antioxidant status of the extracts was determined by commercial kits. Antibacterial effect of extracts was investigated on seven bacterial strains. Cytotoxic effects of the extracts on lung cancer cell lines were determined by MTT (3-4,5-dimethyl-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Phenolic content was determined by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Elements in the plant were determined by ICP-OES. The total phenolic content and antioxidant status of the species’ methanol extract were found to be higher than the acetone extract. Both of the extracts at a concentration of 20% have an antibacterial effect, especially the antibacterial effect of acetone extract. It was determined that acetone extract has an anticarcinogenic impact depending on the dose. Chlorogenic acid, miquelianin and isoquercitrin are the most abundant flavonoids in methanol and acetone extract. The plant contains Ca, K, and Mg elements in high concentrations. The phenolic substances and elements in H. heterophyllum, widely used in our country, have been presented for the first time in the literature. Besides, it can be said that the plant has antioxidant, anticarcinogen, and antimicrobial activities due to the crucial flavonoids and elements it contains