Frequency of Dental Caries in Four Historical Populations from the Chalcolithic to the Middle Ages

The majority of dental carie studies over the course of historical period underline mainly the prevalence evolution, the role of carbohydrates consumption and the impact of access to dietary resources. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare population samples from two archaeological periods the Chacolithic and Middle Age taking into account the geographical and socio economical situation. The study concerned four archaelogical sites in south west France and population samples an inlander for the Chalcolithic Age, an inlander, an costal and urban for the Middle Age. The materials studied included a total of 127 maxillaries, 103 mandibles and 3316 teeth. Data recorded allowed us to display that the Chalcolithic population sample had the lowest carie percentage and the rural inlander population samples of Middle Age the highest; in all cases molars were teeth most often affected. These ones differences could be explained according to time period, carious lesions were usually less recorded in the Chalcolithic Age than the Middle because of a lesser cultivation of cereals like in les Treilles Chacolithic population sample. In the Middle Age population samples, the rural inland sample Marsan showed the highest frequency of caries and ate more cereal than the coastal Vilarnau and the poor urban St Michel population samples, the first one ate fish and Mediterranean vegetal and fruits and the second one met difficulties to food access, in both cases the consumption of carbohydrates was lesser than Marsan population sample who lived in a geographical land convice to cereals cultivation

High-spin structures of 136Cs

Odd-odd 136Cs nuclei have been produced in the 18O + 208Pb and 12C + 238U fusion-fission reactions and their gamma rays studied with the Euroball array. The high-spin level scheme has been built up to ~ 4.7 MeV excitation energy and spin I ~ 16 hbar from the triple gamma-ray coincidence data. The configurations of the three structures observed above ~ 2 MeV excitation energy are first discussed by analogy with the proton excitations identified in the semi-magic 137Cs nucleus, which involve the three high-j orbits lying above the Z=50 gap, pi g_{7/2}, pi d_{5/2} and pi h_{11/2}. This is confirmed by the results of shell-model calculations performed in this work.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 3 table

Utilização de índices de vegetação na avaliação da cobertura vegetal do projeto de assentamento José Emídio dos Santos, Capela-SE.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma avaliação da cobertura vegetal no Projeto de Assentamento José Emídio dos Santos, a partir dos índices de vegetação: SR, NDVI, SAVI e EVI. Foi utilizada uma imagem de satélite Landsat 5 TM (Thematic Mapper) com data de passagem 03/04/2009. Todos os índices de vegetação foram eficientes na separação de classes de cobertura vegetal, no entanto, o SR apresentou valores elevados com relação aos demais

DEVELOPMENT OF A SOLAR BOX FOR COOKING AND WATER HEATING

Solar cooking is the utilisation of direct insolation harnessed from the sun as energy source in cooking and water heating. In this study, a device for solar collection and direct utilisation for cooking and water heating was developed. The device consisted of two boxes a smaller box 600 mm × 600 mm × 460 mm insulated with coconut coir of thermal conductivity 0.295Wm-1) -1 placed within a larger box 700 mm × 700 mm ×500 mm. The direct solar insolation (Is), stagnation temperature of the device (Ts), ambient temperature (Ta) andthe wind velocity (V) were measured in accordance with ASHRAE standards. The regression procedure of Mini Tab (v.16) was used to relate the cooker temperature (Tc) with Is, Ts, Ta, and V. The presence of the heat storage unit made it possible to cook beyond 15:00 hours up until 18:00 hours local time while the hot water from the dispensing unit attained temperature of about 650c for most days of testing at about 13:00 ± 0:40 hours and gradually dropped to about 50℃ ± 5℃ by 19:00 hours local tim

Simultaneous dynamic electrical and structural measurements of functional materials

A new materials characterization system developed at the XMaS beamline, located at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in France, is presented. We show that this new capability allows to measure the atomic structural evolution (crystallography) of piezoelectric materials whilst simultaneously measuring the overall strain characteristics and electrical response to dynamically (ac) applied external stimuli

Aplicação da classificação supervisionada na análise temporal do uso da terra no projeto de assentamento José Emídio dos Santos, Capela/Sergipe, 199-2009.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma análise das modificações ocorridas no Projeto de Assentamento José Emídio dos Santos, antiga Usina Santa Clara a partir da evolução temporal do uso da terra em dois períodos distintos. Para a avaliação foram utilizadas duas imagens de satélite Landsat 5 TM (Thematic Mapper) e posteriormente, a classificação supervisionada através do software ArcGIS, pelo método da máxima verossimilhança. A análise dos mapas temáticos com a evolução temporal do uso da terra no assentamento possibilitou melhor visualização das mudanças ocorridas no espaço geográfico em função das atividades antrópicas. As principais mudanças observadas referem-se à pressão demográfica e, a substituição de áreas anteriormente utilizadas com o monocultivo da cana de açúcar por uma diversificação de cultura de subsistência pelos assentados

Ursinus College Bulletin, Summer 1983

Vision of alumni advocates • Keeping the core healthy • Modernized • Methodized • Multiplied • Ruth Rothenberger Harris retires • Professor\u27s book is published • Library collection grows • Sports line-up • Ursinus Board approves $11 million budget, elects two directors • Election results announced • Network news • New look to the Loyalty Fund • Richter elected • Seven promoted • Small named Assistant Dean • Recruiters sought • Evening agenda • A Beta idea • Sophomore wins Scots scholarship • Celebrating a scholar • Note worthy • Alumni award nominations • Agency director addresses graduates • Commencement • Dues abolished on Alumni Day • News notes • Marriages • Births • Deaths • Evening Schoolhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/new_bulletin/1035/thumbnail.jp

High-spin states with seniority v=4,4,6 in 119-126Sn

The 119-126Sn nuclei have been produced as fission fragments in two reactions induced by heavy ions: 12C+238U at 90 MeV bombarding energy, 18O+208Pb at 85 MeV. Their level schemes have been built from gamma rays detected using the Euroball array. High-spin states located above the long-lived isomeric states of the even- and odd-A 120-126Sn nuclei have been identified. Moreover isomeric states lying around 4.5 MeV have been established in 120,122,124,126Sn from the delayed coincidences between the fission fragment detector SAPhIR and the Euroball array. The states located above 3-MeV excitation energy are ascribed to several broken pairs of neutrons occupying the nu h11/2 orbit. The maximum value of angular momentum available in such a high-j shell, i.e. for mid-occupation and the breaking of the three neutron pairs, has been identified. This process is observed for the first time in spherical nuclei.Comment: 20 pages, 22 figures, 12 tables, accepted for publication in Physical Review

A Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial Examining the Return of Urinary Continence After Robot- Assisted Radical Prostatectomy with or without a Small Intestinal Submucosa Bladder Neck Sling

Purpose Urinary continence is a driver of quality of life after radical prostatectomy. In this study we evaluated the impact of a biological bladder neck sling on the return of urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods This study compared early continence in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with a sling and without a sling in a 2-group, 1:1, parallel, randomized controlled trial. Patients were blinded to group assignment. The primary outcome was defined as urinary continence (0 to 1 pad per day) at 1 month postoperatively. Inclusion criteria were organ confined prostate cancer and a prostate specific antigen less than 15 ng/ml. Exclusion criteria were any prior surgery on the prostate, a history of neurogenic bladder and history of pelvic radiation. A chi-squared test was used for the primary outcome. Results A total of 147 patients were randomized (control 74, sling 73) and 92% were available for primary end point analysis at 1 month. There were no significant differences in baseline or perioperative data except that operating room time was 20.1 minutes longer for the sling group (p=0.04). The continence rate was similar between the control and sling groups at 1 month (47.1% vs 55.2%, p=0.34) and 12 months (86.7% vs 94.5%, p=0.15), respectively. Adverse events were similar between the control and sling groups (10.8% vs 13.7%, p=0.59). Conclusions The application of an absorbable urethral sling at robot-assisted radical prostatectomy was well tolerated with no increase in obstructive symptoms in this randomized trial. However, the sling failed to show a significant improvement in continence