Em busca do Cais do Valongo, Rio de Janeiro, século XIX

This article presents the results of archaeological research carried out in the Port Zone of Rio de Janeiro, as part of the infrastructural and urban revival projects being implemented in the region by the Rio de Janeiro City Council for the 2016 Olympics. Its basic objective was to localize the remains of the Valongo Wharf, built in 1811 by the Intendência Geral de Polícia, at the order of the Prince Regent Dom João VI. Adjacent to the slave market, hundreds of thousands of enslaved Africans passed through the wharf on the way to being sold, making Rio de Janeiro the main port of entry for these captives in the Americas. The research also identified the remains of the Empress's Wharf, built later, in 1843, on top of the Valongo Wharf, especially for disembarkation of the Princess of the Two Sicilies, Teresa Cristina Maria de Bourbon, on the occasion of her marriage to Emperor Dom Pedro II. The article describes the methodology employed - a challenge given the need to reconcile a scientific study with the tight schedule of the construction work - as well as the slow emergence of the built structures, the stratigraphic contexts, the interpretation of what was found, and the urban transformations that resulted from the findings. Given the considerable historical, social and political relevance of the Valongo Wharf, in September 2015 the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) sent UNESCO a dossier for inclusion of the Valongo Wharf Archaeological Site on the list of World Heritage sites, presently under evaluation.Este artigo relata os resultados da pesquisa arqueológica desenvolvida na zona portuária do Rio de Janeiro, no âmbito das obras de infraestrutura e revitalização urbana realizadas na região pela Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro para as Olimpíadas de 2016. Seu objetivo fundamental foi localizar os remanescentes do Cais do Valongo e do Cais da Imperatriz. O primeiro, construído em 1811 pela Intendência Geral de Polícia, por ordem do Príncipe Regente D. João VI. Adjacente ao mercado de escravos, e por onde passaram centenas de milhares de africanos escravizados para serem negociados, fazendo do Rio de Janeiro o principal porto de entrada desses cativos nas Américas. O segundo, Cais da Imperatriz, construído mais tarde, em 1843, por cima do Cais do Valongo, para o desembarque emblemático da princesa das Duas Sicílias, Teresa Cristina Maria de Bourbon, por ocasião do seu casamento com o imperador D. Pedro II. São apresentados a metodologia utilizada - um desafio na circunstância de ter que conciliar uma pesquisa científica com o apertado cronograma da obra -, o surgimento paulatino das estruturas edificadas, os contextos estratigráficos, a interpretação feita para o que foi encontrado, e as transformações urbanas decorrentes dos achados. Tendo em vista a alta relevância histórica, social e política do Cais do Valongo, o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) encaminhou à Unesco, em setembro de 2015, um dossiê para a inscrição do Sítio Arqueológico Cais do Valongo na lista do Patrimônio Mundial, ora em apreciação

“Projeto Saber Viver”: estratégias para garantir a mobilização e participação social na construção dos planos municipais de saneamento básico em Rondônia

Basic sanitation in Brazil has been highlighted by precariousness, and to change this reality a good strategic planning is required. Following the country's guidelines, Brazilian municipalities have been in charge of formulating their own public basic sanitation policies, being obliged to prepare their respective Municipal Plans for Basic Sanitation. In the state of Rondônia, northern Brazil, nineteen municipalities have been currently carrying out the construction of their PMSBs, with technical assistance from the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia (IFRO), through the "Projeto Saber Viver", a cooperation between Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA) and IFRO. Participation and social control in building public policies are critical factors and efficient instruments for transforming the local reality. In this perspective, we are going to share how we have carried out the interlocution process and application of participatory strategies related to mobilization, social participation and communication to construct the PMSB in the municipalities served by the Projeto Saber Viver. Finally, we will also outline the stages and contextualization of these strategies, as well as their effectiveness.La situación del saneamiento básico en Brasil tiene un contexto marcado por la precariedad. Para remediar esta realidad, se requiere principalmente una buena planificación estratégica. Siguiendo los lineamientos nacionales, los municipios brasileños son responsables de formular sus respectivas políticas públicas de saneamiento básico, estando obligados a elaborar sus respectivos Planes Municipales de Saneamiento Básico (PMSB). En el Estado de Rondônia, diecinueve municipios están ejecutando actualmente la construcción de sus PMSB, con la asistencia técnica del Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de Rondônia (IFRO), a través del “Projeto Saber Viver” (Portaria n. 1876/REIT-CGAB/IFRO), una cooperación entre la Fundación Nacional de Salud (FUNASA) e IFRO. La participación y el control social en el proceso de construcción de políticas públicas es un factor determinante y un instrumento eficaz para transformar la realidad local. En esta perspectiva, este artículo explica la elaboración y aplicación de Estrategias Participativas relacionadas con la Movilización, Participación Social y Comunicación para la construcción del PMSB en los municipios atendidos por el Proyecto, delineando las etapas y contextualización de estas estrategias, así como su efectividad.A situação do saneamento básico brasileiro tem um contexto marcado por precariedades. Sanear essa realidade, primariamente, requer um bom planejamento estratégico. Seguindo as diretrizes nacionais, os municípios brasileiros são os responsáveis por formular suas respectivas políticas públicas de saneamento básico, ficando obrigados a elaborar seus Planos Municipais de Saneamento Básico (PMSBs). No Estado de Rondônia, atualmente dezenove municípios estão realizando a construção de seus PMSBs, contando com assessoramento técnico do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia (IFRO), por meio do “Projeto Saber Viver” (Portaria nº 1876/REIT-CGAB/IFRO), uma cooperação entre a Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA) e o IFRO, por meio do Termo de Execução Descentralizada (TED) 08/2017. A participação e o controle social no processo de construção de políticas públicas é um fator determinante e um instrumento eficiente de transformação da realidade local. Nessa perspectiva, o presente artigo explicita a elaboração e aplicação das Estratégias Participativas referentes à Mobilização, Participação Social e Comunicação para a construção do PMSB nos municípios atendidos pelo Projeto, delineando as etapas e contextualização destas estratégias, bem como sua eficácia

Multidimensional assessment of institutionalized elderly: the reality of a brazilian institution

Background: The population aging in Brazil is characterized by the accumulation of progressive disabilities in their functional activities and daily life. To consider the elderlies in his/her multiple dimensions turns out to be a critical issue to improvetheir assistance to an institu-tionalized level, improving their health and quality of life. To perform a mini-overall evaluation of institutionalized elderly person to trace their profile in relation to the socio-demographic, functional capacity, nutritional status and cognition. Methods: Descriptive study, with a cross-sectional design and quan-titative approach performed in a long - stay institution for the elderly in Natal, RN. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Com-mittee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under opinion number 164/2011.Results: 63.3% of the elderly were female, with ages varying from 61 to 103 years. 60.0% were single; 56.7% were literate. 66.7% had no children and 55% lived with their families before the institutio-nalization. As for the institutionalization time, 63.3% resided in the institution for four years. As what concerns the aspects of health, 73.3% of the elderly presented hearing difficulties, 90% make use of medicines predominantly to diabetes and hypertension. There is clear evidence that the institutionalization has been harmful to the elderly as with regards basic activities of daily living, nutritional status and cognitive aspects. Conclusion: The progressive disability in functional activities of daily life interferes directly in the quality of life, increasing dependency and minimizing the autonomy of these individuals. It is necessary to effec-tive implementation of public policies directed to the institutionalized elderly from the perspective of effective actions for improved attention and assistance

Os guardados da viscondessa: fotografia e memória na coleção Ribeiro de Avellar

This paper discusses the theme of family life when Brazil was an empire, using the\ud methodological approach of microhistory and by analyzing personal documents that belonged\ud to the Ribeiro de Avellar family, who were wealthy landowners and proprietors of coffee\ud plantations and slaves in Paty do Alferes, located in the Paraíba River Valley of the Province of\ud Rio de Janeiro. The author focused on the analysis of photographic portraits in order to reflect\ud upon the different means of circulation of images and the prevailing family ideal at the tim

A Phosphoproteomic Approach towards the Understanding of the Role of TGF-β in Trypanosoma cruzi Biology

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays a pivotal role in Chagas disease, not only in the development of chagasic cardiomyopathy, but also in many stages of the T. cruzi life cycle and survival in the host cell environment. The intracellular signaling pathways utilized by T. cruzi to regulate these mechanisms remain unknown. To identify parasite proteins involved in the TGF-β response, we utilized a combined approach of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) analysis and mass spectrometry (MS) protein identification. Signaling via TGF-β is dependent on events of phosphorylation, which is one of the most relevant and ubiquitous post-translational modifications for the regulation of gene expression, and especially in trypanosomatids, since they lack several transcriptional control mechanisms. Here we show a kinetic view of T. cruzi epimastigotes (Y strain) incubated with TGF-β for 1, 5, 30 and 60 minutes, which promoted a remodeling of the parasite phosphorylation network and protein expression pattern. The altered molecules are involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as proteolysis, metabolism, heat shock response, cytoskeleton arrangement, oxidative stress regulation, translation and signal transduction. A total of 75 protein spots were up- or down-regulated more than twofold after TGF-β treatment, and from these, 42 were identified by mass spectrometry, including cruzipain–the major T. cruzi papain-like cysteine proteinase that plays an important role in invasion and participates in the escape mechanisms used by the parasite to evade the host immune system. In our study, we observed that TGF-β addition favored epimastigote proliferation, corroborating 2DE data in which proteins previously described to be involved in this process were positively stimulated by TGF-β

Mundos mesclados, espaços segregados: cultura material, mestiçagem e segmentação no sítio Aldeia em Santarém (PA)

This article discusses the processes of cultural exchange between Portuguese, Portuguese-Brazilian, Amerindians, and mestizos based on the analysis of the material culture from households of Santarém (PA), occupied during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries,. Although these social groups manipulated material culture aiming to express different values, related to hierarchy, social segmentation, and affirmation of identities, ambiguity also characterizes these assemblages. This material ambiguity informs about the mixtures of both practices and cultural references that brought about the building of a mestizo society.Com base na análise da cultura material proveniente de unidades domésticas do núcleo urbano de Santarém (PA), ocupadas nos séculos XVIII e XIX, o presente artigo discute os processos de trocas culturais entre portugueses, luso-brasileiros, indígenas e mestiços. Embora esses grupos sociais tenham manipulado a cultura material visando expressar diferentes valores, relacionados à hierarquia, segmentação social e afirmação de identidades, a ambigüidade é uma característica das amostras analisadas, informando sobre as misturas de práticas e de referenciais culturais que levaram à construção de uma sociedade mestiça

Pratos e mais pratos: louças domésticas, divisões culturais e limites sociais no Rio de Janeiro, século XIX

Reply to ten comments on a paper published in the last issue of this journal. The discussion follows along six main lines: History museums, identity, ideology and the category of nation; the need of material collections and their modalities: patrimonial, operational, virtual; theater versus laboratory; visitors and their ambiguities; Public History: the museum and the academy.Resposta aos comentários de dez especialistas que contribuíram no debate de texto publicado no último número desta revista. A discussão orientou-se segundo seis tópicos principais: museus históricos, identidade, ideologia e a categoria de nação; a necessidade de acervos materiais e suas modalidades: acervo patrimonial, operacional, virtual; teatro versus laboratório; o público e suas ambigüidades; História Pública: o museu e a Academia