Effects of mechanically separated dairy cow slurry on grazing performance

No abstract available

Tree rules in probabilistic transition system specifications with negative and quantitative premises

Probabilistic transition system specifications (PTSSs) in the ntmufnu/ntmuxnu format provide structural operational semantics for Segala-type systems that exhibit both probabilistic and nondeterministic behavior and guarantee that isimilarity is a congruence.Similar to the nondeterministic case of rule format tyft/tyxt, we show that the well-foundedness requirement is unnecessary in the probabilistic setting. To achieve this, we first define an extended version of the ntmufnu/ntmuxnu format in which quantitative premises and conclusions include nested convex combinations of distributions. This format also guarantees that bisimilarity is a congruence. Then, for a given (possibly non-well-founded) PTSS in the new format, we construct an equivalent well-founded transition system consisting of only rules of the simpler (well-founded) probabilistic ntree format. Furthermore, we develop a proof-theoretic notion for these PTSSs that coincides with the existing stratification-based meaning in case the PTSS is stratifiable. This continues the line of research lifting structural operational semantic results from the nondeterministic setting to systems with both probabilistic and nondeterministic behavior.Comment: In Proceedings EXPRESS/SOS 2012, arXiv:1208.244

Efficient third harmonic generation in photonic nanowires

In a photonic nanowire the strong optical confinement allows for the phase matching of nonlinear interactions that would not normally be phase matched, while the large longitudinal component of the electric field serves to further enhance the effective nonlinearity. Thus such waveguides are good choices for studying nonlinear effects such as third harmonic generation. In this paper we analyse third harmonic generation analytically and present the criteria for optimal harmonic generation. In addition we analyse the inverse process of 1/3 harmonic generation and show that efficient parametric amplifiers can be made which would be a high brightness source of entangled photons for producing GHZ states

Role of interference in MM-wave driven DC transport in two dimensional electron gas

In this paper we point out that in addition to the density of states effect proposed in Ref.\cite{durst,anderson} one should consider the effect of constructive interference between the multi-MM-wave-photon processes shown in Fig.2. This process enhances the dark value of the conductivity. When the sample is very pure, i.e., when the transport life time is very long, this interference effect quickly diminishes as the MM-wave frequency deviates from the cyclotron frequency. In this paper we also present the linear response theory in the presence of strong harmonic time-dependent perturbation

Storing unitary operators in quantum states

We present a scheme to store unitary operators with self-inverse generators in quantum states and a general circuit to retrieve them with definite success probability. The continuous variable of the operator is stored in a single-qubit state and the information about the kind of the operator is stored in classical states with finite dimension. The probability of successful retrieval is always 1/2 irrespective of the kind of the operator, which is proved to be maximum. In case of failure, the result can be corrected with additional quantum states. The retrieving circuit is almost as simple as that which handles only the single-qubit rotations and CNOT as the basic operations. An interactive way to transfer quantum dynamics, that is, to distribute naturally copy-protected programs for quantum computers is also presented using this scheme.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, errors in Eq. (8) and Fig. 3 are fixed, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Highly selective hydrogenation of furfural over supported Pt nanoparticles under mild conditions

The selective liquid phase hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over Pt nanoparticles supported on SiO₂, ZnO, γ-Al2O₃, CeO₂ is reported under extremely mild conditions. Ambient hydrogen pressure, and temperatures as low as 50 °C are shown sufficient to drive furfural hydrogenation with high conversion and >99% selectivity to furfuryl alcohol. Strong support and solvent dependencies are observed, with methanol and n-butanol proving excellent solvents for promoting high furfuryl alcohol yields over uniformly dispersed 4 nm Pt nanoparticles over MgO, CeO₂ and γ-Al₂O₃. In contrast, non-polar solvents conferred poor furfural conversion, while ethanol favored acetal by-product formation. Furfural selective hydrogenation can be tuned through controlling the oxide support, reaction solvent and temperature

Never easy to say "sorry" : exploring the interplay of crisis involvement, brand image and message framing in developing effective crisis responses

textPlanning and executing a crisis response strategy that includes successful and effective communication with stakeholders are essential for companies, organizations and governments in order to maintain their reputations and sustain brands following a crisis. To determine the effectiveness of crisis response communication in terms of consumers’ evaluation and information processing, this study experimentally examined the impact of crisis involvement and brand image and interaction effect in a corporate product harm crisis. Using fictitious scenarios to manipulate crisis involvement, brand image, and message framing, this study examines the effect of crisis response strategies (i.e., apology) on post-crisis attitudes toward a crisis brand and apology message, future purchase intention, and intention to engage in negative eWOM. Specifically, the study attempts to identify whether the interplay between these factors would increase the effectiveness of a company’s crisis response regarding consumers’ favorable attitudes and behavioral intentions. The results of the present research showed that the overall three-way interaction between crisis involvement, brand image, and message framing is significant. First, in the case of high crisis involvement, the combination of rational framing and symbolic brand image increases the effectiveness of the apology message, while the combination of emotional framing of crisis communication and functional brand image increases the effectiveness of the apology message. In contrast, in the case of low crisis involvement, the combination of rational framing and functional brand image increases the effectiveness of the apology message, while the combination of emotional framing and symbolic brand image increases the effectiveness of the apology message. In addition, the study suggests that crisis involvement and brand image have a primary effect on the efficacy of the apology message from the crisis company in terms of attitude towards the crisis brand and purchase intention. The study has significant practical implications in that the results indicate that practitioners can alleviate the consequences suffered in a crisis by employing a crisis response strategy that properly aligns crisis type with level of involvement. Following a crisis, it is necessary to communicate with consumers using proper response messaging that takes into consideration consumers’ crisis involvement, brand image and message framing.Advertisin

Perceptions of Korean and Korean-American mothers of children with autism : the impact of disability on the family and sibling relationships

The purpose of this study was to understand Korean and Korean-American mothers’ perspectives under cultural contexts in regard to the disability itself, family/sibling adjustment to the child with Autism Spectrum Disorder, and the support for those families. From in-depth interview, main themes are discovered that (a) resources & support, (b) sibling relationship, (c) family dynamics, and (d) cultural comparison. Practical implications for serving culturally and linguistically diverse families are discussed, and more future research on culturally and linguistically diverse family dynamics should be conducted.Special Educatio

Common gauge origin of discrete symmetries in observable sector and hidden sector

An extra Abelian gauge symmetry is motivated in many new physics models in both supersymmetric and nonsupersymmetric cases. Such a new gauge symmetry may interact with both the observable sector and the hidden sector. We systematically investigate the most general residual discrete symmetries in both sectors from a common Abelian gauge symmetry. Those discrete symmetries can ensure the stability of the proton and the dark matter candidate. A hidden sector dark matter candidate (lightest U-parity particle or LUP) interacts with the standard model fields through the gauge boson Z', which may selectively couple to quarks or leptons only. We make a comment on the implications of the discrete symmetry and the leptonically coupling dark matter candidate, which has been highlighted recently due to the possibility of the simultaneous explanation of the DAMA and the PAMELA results. We also show how to construct the most general U(1) charges for a given discrete symmetry, and discuss the relation between the U(1) gauge symmetry and R-parity.Comment: Version to appear in JHE

Beyond the simple Proximity Force Approximation: geometrical effects on the non-retarded Casimir interaction

We study the geometrical corrections to the simple Proximity Force Approximation for the non-retarded Casimir force. We present analytical results for the force between objects of various shapes and substrates, and between pairs of objects. We compare the results to those from more exact numerical calculations. We treat spheres, spheroids, cylinders, cubes, cones, and wings; the analytical PFA results together with the geometrical correction factors are summarized in a table.Comment: 18 pages, 19 figures, 1 tabl