Transfer of passive immunity and serum proteinogram in the first six months of life of Criollo Lageano and black and white holstein calves

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the transfer of passive immunity and the proteinogram in Criollo Lageano (CL) and Black and White Holstein (BWH) calves. Two groups were utilized with 13 Criollo Lageano and 10 BWH calves. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of total serum protein, electrophoresis of serum proteins, activity of the gamma glutamyl transferase, and concentration of IgG by the method of the zinc sulfate turbidity in periods between 24 and 36 hours of life, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% significance level, and correlations between variables were calculated. Variations of serum proteins followed a pattern of physiological behavior over the first six months of life and production of immunoglobulins was active earlier in BWH calves and slower in the Criollo Lageano, without causing any impact on their health. Gamma globulin in the first days of life (24-36h) was correlated with IgG (r=0.87 for CL and r=0.89 for BWH), PTS (r=0.91 for CL and r=0.92 for BWH), Glob (r=0.99 for CL and r=0.98 for BWH) and GGT (r=0.14 for CL and r=0.83 for BWH). It was concluded that there was no failure in the transfer of passive immunity in Criollo Lageano calves but this failure occurred in the BWH calves. IgG values estimated by the zinc sulfate turbidity and serum proteins were considered good indicators of the transfer of passive immunity in calves between 24 and 36 hours of life

O uso do peritônio de paca conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300% ou glicerina a 98% implantados na parede abdominal de ratos

In the search for alternative biological material to perform implants, this study aimed to compare the implantation of paca peritoneum, a new biomaterial option, preserved in supersaturated sugar solution 300% and preserved in glycerin 98% in the abdominal wall of Wistar rats. A total of 60 male rats from the Wistar strain weighing between 150 and 200 grams were housed into three different experimental groups: control group (GI), peritoneum preserved in supersaturated sugar solution 300% group (GII) and peritoneum preserved in glycerin 98% group (GIII), with 20 animals each. The GII and GIII received the paca peritoneum graft preserved in sugar solution 300% and glycerin 98%, respectively and group GI did not receive any membrane. Five rats from each group were euthanized at four different times: seven, 15, 30 and 60 days post-surgery for macroscopic and microscopic evaluations in graft-native tissue interface. Despite the adverse reactions observed in 57.5% of GII and GIII, there was good healing of the membrane in 95% of the animals in these groups. Upon histological examination there was a large presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the initial periods (seven and 15 days) and a large presence of connective tissue in the final stages (30 and 60). It was concluded that the paca peritoneum as biological membrane preserved as presented in this study can be used safely in the abdominal wall of rats, the preservation in supersaturated sugar solution 300% allowed better flexibility during surgery.Na busca de material biológico alternativo para a realização de implantes, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar comparativamente a implantação do peritônio de paca, uma nova opção de biomaterial, conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300% e conservado em glicerina a 98% na parede abdominal de ratos Wistar. Foram utilizados 60 ratos, machos, da linhagem Wistar, pesando entre 150 e 200 gramas, organizados nos seguintes grupos experimentais: grupo controle (GI), grupo peritônio conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300% (GII) e grupo peritônio conservado em glicerina a 98% (GIII), cada um com 20 animais. Os grupos GII e GIII receberam o enxerto de peritônio da paca conservado em solução de açúcar 300% e glicerina 98%, respectivamente, e o grupo GI não recebeu a membrana. Cinco ratos de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia em quatro momentos distintos: sete, 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório para avaliações macroscópicas e microscópicas da interface implante-tecido nativo. Apesar de reações adversas observadas em 57,5% dos animais do grupo GII e GIII, em 95% dos animais desses grupos houve boa cicatrização da membrana. Na análise histológica, verificou-se a presença de grande infiltrado inflamatório nos períodos iniciais (sete e 15 dias) e grande presença de tecido conjuntivo nos momentos finais (30 e 60 dias). Concluiu-se que o peritônio da paca como membrana biológica conservado nos meios estudados pode ser utilizado com segurança na parede abdominal de ratos; ainda, que sua conservação em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300% permitiu melhor maleabilidade no ato cirúrgico.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Unesp Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e VeterináriasUniversidade Estadual do Centro-OesteUNINGÁ Faculdade IngáUnesp Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset