58 research outputs found
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'Real Grounds' in Matter and Things in Themselves
AbstractMatterâs real essence is a ground for certain features of phenomena. Things in themselves are likewise a ground for certain features of phenomena. How do these claims relate? The former is a causal essentialism about physics, Stang argues; and the features so grounded are phenomenally nomically necessary. The latter involves a distinctive ontology of things in themselves, I argue; but the features so grounded are not noumenally nomically necessary. Stangâs version of Kantâs modal metaphysics is admirable, but does not go far enough. Kantâs causal essentialism involves the essences of fundamental properties, as well as of matter. And things in themselves are grounds, because they are substances, the âsubstrateâ of phenomena.</jats:p
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Philosophy at Cambridge
Newsletter of the Faculty of Philosophy. Articles: Rae Langton, 'From the Chair'; Michael Potter, 'The Birth of a Book'; Huw Price, 'Two Projects from 2012--a progress report; Rae Langton 'The Enlightening of Maria von Herbert, Klagenfert, 1770-1803; Philosophy and the LMU Partnership; Jessie Munton, 'Perceptual Confidence Workshop'
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Philosophy at Cambridge
Newsletter of the Faculty of Philosophy. Articles: Rae Langton, 'From the Chair'; Arif Ahmed, 'Non-Categorical Thought'; Richard Holton, 'Illness and the Social Self: Richard Holton at the 2018 Uehiro Lectures'; Julia Borcherding and Matthew Leisinger, 'Vitalism in Early Modern Philosophy'; Tim Button, ' Philosophy and Model Theory'; Rae Langton, 'Post-truth as Post-democracy: Rae Langton at the Alumni Festival, September 2018'; Azita Chellappoo, 'Philosophy and Minorities (MAP)'; Maxime Lepoutre, 'Sharon Krause on the Emancipation of Nature'
Conceptual responsibility
Conceptual engineering is concerned with the improvement of our concepts. The motivating thought behind many such projects is that some of our concepts are defective. But, if to use a defective concept is to do something wrong, and if to do something wrong one must be in control of what one is doing, there might be no defective concepts, since we typically are not in control of our concept use. To address this problem, this paper turns from appraising the concepts we use to appraising the people who use them. First, I outline several ways in which the use of a concept can violate moral standards. Second, I discuss three accounts of moral responsibility, which I call voluntarism, rationalism, and psychologism, arguing that each allows us to find at least some cases where we are responsible for using defective concepts. Third, I answer an objection that because most of our concepts are acquired through processes for which we are not responsible, our use of defective concepts is a matter of bad luck, and not something for which we are responsible after all. Finally, I conclude by discussing some of the ways we may hold people accountable for using defective concepts
Prayers to KÄli: practicing radical numinosity
Prayers to KÄli is an invocation of the radical-sacred as a way into decolonization, liberation, and healing. The radical-sacred, as I conceive of it, is broadly to do with the work of retrieving our spiritual dimensions as an inextricable part of queer, and decolonial futurities. The construction and performance of decolonial, queer-feminist theory, and knowledge discourses as fundamentally located in communities of coalition, new modes of resistance and cosmologies, form the theoretical foil of this paper. The broader aim of the paper is to highlight the significance of spiritual, corporeal, and emotional knowledges in the work of decoloniality and dismantling systems of oppression. I locate this exploration within the narrative specifics of contemporary spirit- poetry from Tamil Nadu; a radical, border site where these connections and dimensions of decoloniality, gender, desire, and resistance play out
From Being to Givenness and Back: Some Remarks on the Meaning of Transcendental Idealism in Kant and Husserl
Importance of patient bed pathways and length of stay differences in predicting COVID-19 hospital bed occupancy in England.
Background: Predicting bed occupancy for hospitalised patients with COVID-19 requires understanding of length of stay (LoS) in particular bed types. LoS can vary depending on the patientâs âbed pathwayâ - the sequence of transfers of individual patients between bed types during a hospital stay. In this study, we characterise these pathways, and their impact on predicted hospital bed occupancy. Methods: We obtained data from University College Hospital (UCH) and the ISARIC4C COVID-19 Clinical Information Network (CO-CIN) on hospitalised patients with COVID-19 who required care in general ward or critical care (CC) beds to determine possible bed pathways and LoS. We developed a discrete-time model to examine the implications of using either bed pathways or only average LoS by bed type to forecast bed occupancy. We compared model-predicted bed occupancy to publicly available bed occupancy data on COVID-19 in England between March and August 2020. Results: In both the UCH and CO-CIN datasets, 82% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 only received care in general ward beds. We identified four other bed pathways, present in both datasets: âWard, CC, Wardâ, âWard, CCâ, âCCâ and âCC, Wardâ. Mean LoS varied by bed type, pathway, and dataset, between 1.78 and 13.53 days. For UCH, we found that using bed pathways improved the accuracy of bed occupancy predictions, while only using an average LoS for each bed type underestimated true bed occupancy. However, using the CO-CIN LoS dataset we were not able to replicate past data on bed occupancy in England, suggesting regional LoS heterogeneities. Conclusions: We identified five bed pathways, with substantial variation in LoS by bed type, pathway, and geography. This might be caused by local differences in patient characteristics, clinical care strategies, or resource availability, and suggests that national LoS averages may not be appropriate for local forecasts of bed occupancy for COVID-19. Trial registration: The ISARIC WHO CCP-UK study ISRCTN66726260 was retrospectively registered on 21/04/2020 and designated an Urgent Public Health Research Study by NIHR.</p
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The Authority of Hate Speech
Could hate speech have authority? Yes. Some hate speech is propaganda, and has epistemic authority. Some hate speech is directive, and has practical authority. Some has both, in part because epistemic authority can be a basis for practical authority. Hate speech can acquire authority informally through a process of accommodation, whereby a presupposition of authority is accommodated by hearers, and becomes acceptable or true. This phenomenon is familiar to philosophers of language, but has political implications, as this chapter shows, drawing on work by Lewis, Thomason, Witek, and Maitra. Authority makes a difference to what is done with words; and the accommodation of authority can make a difference to hate speech, enabling it to enact norms, rank people, or deprive them of powers. The accommodation of authority matters, because it alters the force hate speech can have, as a speech act.</p
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