Temporal dynamics of femtosecond-TALIF of atomic hydrogen and oxygen in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge-assisted methane-air flame

The temporal dynamics of the spatial distribution of atomic hydrogen and oxygen in a lean methane-air flame, forced by a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge-induced plasma, are investigated via femtosecond two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence technique. Plasma luminescence that interferes with the fluorescence from H and O atoms was observed to decay completely within 15 ns, which is the minimum delay required for imaging measurements with respect to the discharge occurrence. During discharge, H atoms in the excited state rather than the ground state, produced by electron-impact dissociation processes, are detected at the flame front. It was found that the temporal evolution of H and O fluorescence intensity during a cycle of 100 µs between two discharge pulses remains constant. Finally, the decay time of O-atoms produced by the discharge in the fresh methane-air mixture was about 2 µs, which suggests a faster reaction between O-atoms and methane than in air

Temporal Evolution of the Glow and Spark Regimes of Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed Discharges in Water Vapor

International audienc

Transitions between corona, glow, and spark regimes of nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in air at atmospheric pressure

International audienceIn atmospheric pressure air preheated from 300 to 1000 K, the nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) method has been used to generate corona, glow, and spark discharges. Experiments have been performed to determine the parameter space (applied voltage, pulse repetition frequency, ambient gas temperature, and interelectrode gap distance) of each discharge regime. In particular, the experimental conditions necessary for the glow regime of NRP discharges have been determined, with the notable result that there exists a minimum and maximum gap distance for its existence at a given ambient gas temperature. The minimum gap distance increases with decreasing gas temperature, whereas the maximum does not vary appreciably. To explain the experimental results, an analytical model is developed to explain the corona-to-glow (C-G) and glow-to-spark (G-S) transitions. The C-G transition is analyzed in terms of the avalanche-to-streamer transition and the breakdown field during the conduction phase following the establishment of a conducting channel across the discharge gap. The G-S transition is determined by the thermal ionization instability, and we show analytically that this transition occurs at a certain reduced electric field for the NRP discharges studied here. This model shows that the electrode geometry plays an important role in the existence of the NRP glow regime at a given gas temperature. We derive a criterion for the existence of the NRP glow regime as a function of the ambient gas temperature, pulse repetition frequency, electrode radius of curvature, and interelectrode gap distance

Non-equilibrium plasma for ignition and combustion enhancement

International audienc

Images of nanosecond repetitively pulsed plasmas in preheated air at atmospheric pressure

International audienceMany potential applications require low-power nonthermal atmospheric-pressure air plasmas. We have generated such plasmas at 1001 K, using the nanosecond repetitively pulsed method. We present the images of the observed discharge regimes

Experimental and numerical investigation on the laminar flame speed of CH4/O2 mixtures diluted with CO2 and H2O

International audienceThe effects of CO2 and H2O addition on premixed oxy-fuel combustion are investigated with experiments and numerical simulations on the laminar flame speed of CH4/O2/CO2/H2O(v) and CH4/O2/N2/H2O(v) mixtures kept at atmospheric pressure and for a reactants inlet temperature T = 373 K. Experiments are conducted with steady laminar conical premixed flames over a range of operating conditions representative of oxy-fuel combustion with flue gas recirculation. The relative O2-to-CO2 and O2-to-N2 ratios, respectively defined as O2/(O2+CO2) (mol.) and O2/(O2+N2) (mol.), are varied from 0.21 to 1.0. The equivalence ratio of the mixtures ranges from 0.5 to 1.5, and the steam molar fraction in the reactive mixture is varied from 0 to 0.45. Laminar flame speeds are measured with the flame area method using a Schlieren apparatus. Experiments are completed by simulations with the PREMIX code using the detailed kinetic mechanism GRI-mech. 3.0. Numerical predictions are found in good agreement with the experimental data for all cases explored. It is also shown that the laminar flame speed of CH4/O2/N2 mixtures diluted with steam H2O(v) features a quasi-linear decrease when increasing the diluent molar fraction, even at high dilution rates. Effects of N2 replacement by CO2 in wet reactive mixtures are then investigated. A similar quasi-linear decrease of the flame speed is observed for CH4/O2/CO2 H2O-diluted flames. For a similar flame speed in dry conditions, results show a larger reduction of the burning velocity for CH4/O2/N2/H2O mixtures than for CH4/O2/CO2/H2O mixtures, when steam molar fraction is increased. Finally, it is observed that the laminar flame speed of weakly (CO2, H2O)-diluted CH4/O2 mixtures is underestimated by the GRI-mech 3.0 predictions

Etude expérimentale de la combustion de mélanges stratifiés globalement pauvres en chambre à volume constant

POITIERS-BU Sciences (861942102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Corona Discharges in Atmospheric Air Between a Wire and Two Plates

International audienceThe corona discharge obtained in atmospheric air between a wire and two plates is presented. For the configuration studied and the voltage applied, the current is steady for the positive corona and exhibits Trichel pulses in the negative corona. The positive corona produces a homogeneous blue halo around the wire, whereas the negative discharge produces evenly spaced spots on the wire surface. We verified the analytic prediction that the ionic wind varies as the square root of the mean current for both the positive and negative polarities. The measured ionic wind produced by the positive corona is higher than for the negative corona. We propose an explanation for the difference of velocity between polarities

Schlieren Imaging of Shock-Wave Formation Induced by Ultrafast Heating of a Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed Discharge in Air

International audienc

Influence of fast-heating processes and O atom production by a nanosecond spark discharge on the ignition of a lean –air premixed flame

International audienc