Conselheiros usuários do conselho municipal de saúde de Belo Horizonte: características sociais e representatividade

A preocupação com os representantes dos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em Conselhos Municipais de Saúde é uma realidade, pois mesmo com todo aparato jurídico que garante a paridade com relação aos demais membros, não se pode garantir a representatividade de sua participação. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer os Conselheiros Usuários do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, suas características sociais, bem como sua relação com a base que representa. Foram aplicadas técnicas de pesquisa quantitativa para conhecer as características e qualitativa para avaliar o relacionamento com a base. Quanto às características encontradas, observa-se que os conselheiros são na maioria homens, aposentados e com baixa escolaridade. Os mandatos repetem-se sugerindo profissionalização dessa categoria. O relacionamento com a base apresenta limitações, principalmente quanto à comunicação, e, ao que tudo indica, a educação continuada dos conselheiros pode ser uma solução para esse problema.The concern about the representatives of the users of SUS (Brazil's National Health System) in Municipal Health Councils is a reality, because even with all the legal apparatus that guarantees parity with regard to the other members, it is not possible to guarantee the quality of their participation. The objective of this research was to learn who the Councillors Users of the Municipal Health Council of Belo Horizonte are, their social characteristics, as well as their relation with the base they represent. Quantitative research techniques were applied to learn the characteristics, and qualitative techniques were employed to evaluate the relationship with the base. Regarding the characteristics, it was observed that the majority of the Councillors are retired men with low level of schooling. The terms of office are repeated, suggesting professionalization of this category. The relationship with the base has limitations, mainly concerning communication, and it seems that the continuing education of the Councillors to work adequately with their base may be a solution to this problem

Análise da organização e funcionamento dos conselhos de saúde e a gestão participativa em Fortaleza, CE

Informações acerca dos conselhos de saúde são importantes para se traçar estratégias que garantam a gestão participativa desses e seu pleno funcionamento. Objetivou-se analisar a organização e funcionamento do conselho municipal e dos seis conselhos regionais de saúde de Fortaleza-CE. Para a coleta de dados deste estudo descritivo, utilizou-se consulta aos arquivos dos conselhos e entrevistas semi-estruturadas aplicadas aos conselheiros. Foram entrevistados quatro representantes do conselho municipal e três representantes de cada um dos seis conselhos regionais, perfazendo um total de 22 conselheiros. A amostragem foi aleatória e dependeu da decisão dos sujeitos em participarem do estudo. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de descrição das falas. Os dados foram apresentados por categorias. Verificou-se baixa freqüência dos conselheiros regionais as reuniões. Os sujeitos referiram dificuldades em reconhecer seu papel de conselheiros. Constatou-se que a maior parte dos conselhos regionais e o municipal possuem estrutura que permite o pleno funcionamento. Entretanto, aqueles considerados em péssimas condições em determinados aspectos, principalmente no estrutural, prejudicam o funcionamento, organização e a participação popular no acompanhamento e fiscalização da gestão.Information about the health councils are important to set strategies that guarantee the their participative management and maximum performance. We aimed to analyze the organization and functioning of the municipal and regional health councils of Fortaleza - CE. It is an exploratory, descriptive study. Data were collected between February and July 2006 and, from February to June 2007 through documental analysis ofcouncil's files and semi-structured interviews with the council staff. In all, 04 representatives of the municipal council and three from each regional council have been interviewed, in a total of 22 councilors. Sampling was randomically done, and participants were volunteer. Data were organized into categories, and analyzed through speech analysis. The study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research under the number 04497443-4. Findings showed a low attendance of the regional councilors in the meetings. Councilors mentioned that they had difficulties in understanding their roles. We have perceived that most of both regional and municipal councils have good facilities and staff that allow them to work properly. However, some were considered to be in poor conditions particularly regarding physical facilities, which hinders the functioning, organization and popular participation in the service's management follow-up

High-throughput 18K SNP array to assess genetic variability of the main grapevine cultivars from Sicily

The viticulture of Sicily, for its vocation, is one of the most important and ancient forms in Italy. Autochthonous grapevine cultivars, many of which known throughout the world, have always been cultivated in the island from many centuries. With the aim to preserve this large grapevine diversity, previous studies have already started to assess the genetic variability among the Sicilian cultivars by using morphological and microsatellite markers. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) were utilized to verify the true-to-typeness of a large clone collection (101) belonging to 21 biotypes of the most 10 cultivated Sicilian cultivars. Afterwards, 42 Organization Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV) descriptors and a high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array (Vitis18kSNP) were applied to assess genetic variability among cultivars and biotypes of the same cultivar. Ampelographic traits and high-throughput SNP genotyping platforms provided an accuracy estimation of genetic diversity in the Sicilian germplasm, showing the relationships among cultivars by cluster and multivariate analyses. The large SNP panel defined sub-clusters unable to discern among biotypes, previously classified by ampelographic analysis, belonging to each cultivar. These results suggested that a very large number of SNP did not cover the genome regions harboring few morphological traits. Genetic structure of the collection revealed a clear optimum number of groups for K = 3, clustering in the same group a significant portion of family-related genotypes. Parentage analysis highlighted significant relationships among Sicilian grape cultivars and Sangiovese, as already reported, but also the first evidences of the relationships between Nero d’Avola and both Inzolia and Catarratto. Finally, a small panel of highly informative markers (12 SNPs) allowed us to isolate a private profile for each Sicilian cultivar, providing a new tool for cultivar identification

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Presentació

A Method to Detect Lower Extremity Edema with Possible Application to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Objective. This study was developed to obtain tissue dielectric constant (TDC) reference values in healthy individuals as a first step to further aid in the early detection of lower extremity edema due to congestive heart failure. Background. In the US about 550,000 new cases of CHF occur per year often with lower extremity edema. Once edema is visually observed the causative process is usually well established. However, there is no method that can conveniently detect the early and potentially insidious changes in fluid content of these regions. Methods. For this study skin tissue dielectric constant (TDC) was measured at 300MHz as a direct index of skin tissue water at arm, hand, lower leg and foot bilaterally in self-reported healthy persons of various ages. Parameter indicators were the ratio of the lower extremity to upper extremity TDC value. These included foot dorsum/forearm (FF), foot dorsum/hand FH), medial leg/hand (LH) and medial leg/forearm (LF). Results. A total of 44 subjects encompassing 88 ratios for each parameter have been evaluated to tissue depths of 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. Results for participants who were under age 30 showed that the FF ratio determined for a depth of 2.5 mm was 1.003 ± 0.146 (mean ±SD). Conclusion. Present findings suggest that using a 2SD threshold and based on the under 30 data, a measured FF ratio greater than 1.300 in an individual would be taken as an indication of the presence of lower extremity edema. This threshold may subsequently be refined pending further data