La salud perinatal de la mujer en una comunidad indígena

La salud perinatal es una parte de la salud reproductiva que favorece la maternidad saludable y sin riesgo, por medio de estrategias para disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad. Se describe la experiencia de la mujer en su etapa reproductiva y la influencia en la salud perinatal. Este estudio es de naturaleza cualitativa y exploratoria y fue desarrollado con siete mujeres. Los datos se obtuvieron por medio de la entrevista semiestructurada y observación participante. Los resultados resaltaron las creencias y costumbres durante el embarazo, parto y posparto. El conocimiento adquirido en ese contexto cultural de manera cotidiana promueve el bienestar de la familia y la capacidad de la mujer para autocuidars

Experimental Study of Free Surface Mixing in Vortical and Chaotic Flows

The free surface mixing properties of a scalar advected by a quasi-steady or unsteady electromagnetically forced flow are investigated. The scalar statistics are related with the topology of the velocity fields stirring them. The benefits and consequences of topologically folding a scalar to enhance homogenization are discussed, identifying how this process may lead to the attenuation of diffusion in vortical and chaotic flows. A pair of magnets, whose attitude is controlled during the experiment, is employed to generate a wide range of velocity fields in a shallow layer of conductive stratified brine. The simplicity of the system makes it possible to analyze the basic properties of the flows generated, relating them with more complex geometries found in literature. The concentration measurements characterizing the scalar field are based on LIF, for which a novel experimental procedure (including calibration, error management and statistical estimators) is presented. Special attention is paid to the relation between the variance decay rate and the mean gradient square, identifying several mechanisms that reduce the fidelity of Q2D experiments in reproducing some features of the transport equation. Evidence of the scalar spiral range is presented in the wavenumber and physical spaces for particular quasi-steady samples. When required, the system unsteadiness is generated by modifying the body forcing geometry throughout the experiment, producing chaotic advection regardless of the flow Re. The periodic nature of the forcing oscillations leads to an exponential variance decay dominated by a strange eigenmode. It is shown that such a system contains recurring temporal patterns and becomes independent of the scalar initial condition

Closing the gap: the link between social capital and microfinance services

The social capital has strengthened the solidarity funds when the legal mechanisms and institutions for monitoring and assistance would not have been present. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of social capital on productivity and performance of the Mexican solidarity funds. For this it is obtained an estimator indirectly associated with inequality, through which it follows that if the social capital rises 1% the loans number increases by 0.2877% and the savings number increases by 0.4598%, and for each additional producer that activate his social capital with his partners they will be generated increases in loans recoveries amounting to 597.41 pesos. In this sense, a greater investment in social capital will recover a larger amount of borrowed funds and will increase savings and loans to poor producer

Closing the gap: the link between social capital and microfinance services

The social capital has strengthened the solidarity funds when the legal mechanisms and institutions for monitoring and assistance would not have been present. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of social capital on productivity and performance of the Mexican solidarity funds. For this it is obtained an estimator indirectly associated with inequality, through which it follows that if the social capital rises 1% the loans number increases by 0.2877% and the savings number increases by 0.4598%, and for each additional producer that activate his social capital with his partners they will be generated increases in loans recoveries amounting to 597.41 pesos. In this sense, a greater investment in social capital will recover a larger amount of borrowed funds and will increase savings and loans to poor producer

Social Capital in the Presence of Market Failures

In Mexico, social capital is used to get resources. People who do not have access to formal markets use their networks to acquire public and financing services, social insurance and social benefits. To test this, social capital indicators were built using the resources supplied by people as a proportion of their income. This measure is theoretically related to a sympathy coefficient that represents the degree to which a person joins another´s welfare in its utility function, leading him to share resources with others. Synthetic panels with population cohorts were elaborated to follow population throughout the time. To correct a spurious regression problem, the cointegration-panel method was used. As a result, variables that reflect failures in financial, health and social insurance markets are associated to bonding and bridging social capital indicators. Thus, adjustments in these markets could be explained by social capital variables additionally to market prices mechanisms

Social Capital in the Presence of Market Failures

In Mexico, social capital is used to get resources. People who do not have access to formal markets use their networks to acquire public and financing services, social insurance and social benefits. To test this, social capital indicators were built using the resources supplied by people as a proportion of their income. This measure is theoretically related to a sympathy coefficient that represents the degree to which a person joins another´s welfare in its utility function, leading him to share resources with others. Synthetic panels with population cohorts were elaborated to follow population throughout the time. To correct a spurious regression problem, the cointegration-panel method was used. As a result, variables that reflect failures in financial, health and social insurance markets are associated to bonding and bridging social capital indicators. Thus, adjustments in these markets could be explained by social capital variables additionally to market prices mechanisms

Au/CeO2 Photocatalyst for the Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols in Water under UV, Visible and Solar Irradiation

Au nanoparticles supported on CeO2 have been prepared and investigated as photocatalysts for the photocatalytic selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to the correspondent benzaldehydes, in aqueous suspensions and room conditions under UV, visible and natural solar light irradiation. Au nanoparticles have been supported by impregnation (1 and 3 wt.%) on two types of CeO2 (i.e., a commercial one and a home prepared oxide obtained in the presence of NaOH as precipitation agent). The Au impregnated samples showed strong visible radiation absorption at 565–570 nm associated to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The bare CeO2 samples are activated by UV light and resulted virtually inactive under visible irradiation, whereas the presence of Au improved both the conversion of the alcohols and the selectivity of the reaction towards the aldehyde, giving rise to good results, particularly under visible and natural solar light irradiation. The activity of the materials increased by increasing the Au content

Acid Stripping after Infection Improves the Detection of Viral HLA Class I Natural Ligands Identified by Mass Spectrometry

Identification of a natural human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligandome is a key element to understand the cellular immune response. Advanced high throughput mass spectrometry analyses identify a relevant, but not complete, fraction of the many tens of thousands of self-peptides generated by antigen processing in live cells. In infected cells, in addition to this complex HLA ligandome, a minority of peptides from degradation of the few proteins encoded by the viral genome are also bound to HLA class I molecules. In this study, the standard immunopeptidomics strategy was modified to include the classical acid stripping treatment after virus infection to enrich the HLA ligandome in virus ligands. Complexes of HLA-B*27:05-bound peptide pools were isolated from vaccinia virus (VACV)-infected cells treated with acid stripping after virus infection. The HLA class I ligandome was identified using high throughput mass spectrometry analyses, yielding 37 and 51 natural peptides processed and presented untreated and after acid stripping treatment VACV-infected human cells, respectively. Most of these virus ligands were identified in both conditions, but exclusive VACV ligands detected by mass spectrometry detected on acid stripping treatment doubled the number of those identified in the untreated VACV-infected condition. Theoretical binding affinity prediction of the VACV HLA-B*27:05 ligands and acute antiviral T cell response characterization in the HLA transgenic mice model showed no differences between HLA ligands identified under the two conditions: untreated and under acid stripping condition. These findings indicated that acid stripping treatment could be useful to identify HLA class I ligands from virus-infected cells.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation SAF2014-58052 and “Acción Estratégica en Salud” MPY 388/18 to D.L.S

Radiation-damage produced in BaHfO₃ irradiated with thermal and fast-neutrons

Samples of BaHfO₃ were irradiated with fast and thermal neutrons to produce ^181Hf. Attenuations of the gamma-gamma perturbed angular correlations in ^181Ta were observed, and they may have been caused by the interaction between defects (produced during or after neutron irradiation) and oxygen vacancies. Several defect structures were detected. For one of the structures, an excitation energy of 12 meV was measured, which was attributed to an electron state below the conduction band. The values of the dielectric constant and of the effective electron mass were also deduced

Factors That Influence the Brand Loyalty and Dealer Loyalty of the Automotive Industry: the Case of Mexican Consumers in the Central Region of Mexico

In this study we investigate which factors determine the automobile brand and dealer loyalty of Mexican consumers, and to what extent. We collected data on brand loyalty and dealer loyalty among customers who bought their vehicle two years or more ago to permit evaluation of loyalty behavior. Our findings show that the core factor that appears to determine the loyalty of the Mexican consumer in the automotive industry is the satisfaction with the technical-functional quality of the automobile. Within this factor, satisfaction with the vehicle's safety (in event of an accident), the vehicle's maneuverability and vehicle comfort are the highestranked variables. In second place appears the satisfaction with the global cost of the vehicle and with the dealer after sales service. This study further reveals that it does not exist an authentic/real brand or dealer loyalty among Mexican car purchasers. This means that in spite of a customer's current preference for the brand studied, the customer has tried and has bought different brands in the past, or simply has been sensitive to the competitors' marketing actions or strategies