Hyaluronan, a Crucial Regulator of Inflammation

Hyaluronan (HA), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a key role in regulating inflammation. Inflammation is associated with accumulation and turnover of HA polymers by multiple cell types. Increasingly through the years, HA has become recognized as an active participant in inflammatory, angiogenic, fibrotic, and cancer promoting processes. HA and its binding proteins regulate the expression of inflammatory genes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory cytokines, and can attenuate the course of inflammation, providing protection against tissue damage. A growing body of evidence suggests the cell responses are HA molecular weight dependent. HA fragments generated by multiple mechanisms throughout the course of inflammatory pathologies, elicit cellular responses distinct from intact HA. This review focuses on the role of HA in the promotion and resolution of inflammation

Prospects for 21cm-Galaxy Cross-Correlations with HERA and the Roman High-Latitude Survey

The cross-correlation between the 21 cm field and the galaxy distribution is a potential probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). The 21 cm signal traces neutral gas in the intergalactic medium and, on large spatial scales, this should be anti-correlated with the high-redshift galaxy distribution which partly sources and tracks the ionized gas. In the near future, interferometers such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) are projected to provide extremely sensitive measurements of the 21 cm power spectrum. At the same time, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will produce the most extensive catalog to date of bright galaxies from the EoR. Using semi-numeric simulations of reionization, we explore the prospects for measuring the cross-power spectrum between the 21 cm and galaxy fields during the EoR. We forecast a 14$\sigma$ detection between HERA and Roman, assuming an overlapping survey area of 500 deg$^2$, redshift uncertainties of $\sigma_z = 0.01$ (as expected for the high-latitude spectroscopic survey of Ly$\alpha$-emitting galaxies), and an effective Ly$\alpha$ emitter duty cycle of $f_\mathrm{LAE} = 0.1$. Thus the HERA-Roman cross-power spectrum may be used to help verify 21 cm detections from HERA. We find that the shot-noise in the galaxy distribution is a limiting factor for detection, and so supplemental observations using Roman should prioritize deeper observations, rather than covering a wider field of view.Comment: 26 pages, 15 figures, accepted at Ap

Networked Digital Predictive Control for Modular DC-DC Converters

The concept of power electronics building blocks (PEBB) has driven advancements in highly modularized converter systems with many identical subsystems. PEBBs are distributed subsets of converter systems and thus require communication with a control system for their coordination. For this type of system, the communication latency with hard deterministic deadlines is the driving attribute of communication system requirements. However, inherent communication requirements for PEBB-based converter systems also provide opportunities for coordination of energy flow. Leveraging developments in Gigabit serial communication channels, a control and communication platform architecture for distributed control schemes based on the 2D-Torus communication network topology was developed for building-block-based power converter systems. The control platform architecture allows integrated control actions between PEBB control nodes to support energy coordinating operations. In addition to the platform architecture, a control method was developed that takes advantage of its communication speed. Predictive control methods utilize an internal model of the system to provide very fast regulation, which is suitable in this work since each PEBB is well defined. A distributed control architecture utilizing a predictive control scheme was developed to maintain fast regulation of voltage and current in a distributed manner within a time frame that can take advantage of the low latency provided by the 2-D Torus communication network. Distributed control requires state information from other control nodes for overall coordination. A strategy to minimize data communication was developed to scale the distributed predictive control across the most extensive PEBB-based system. Direct communication of low-level sensor measurements and control data between PEBBs in the network would increase data communication, resulting in data bottlenecks as system sizes are scaled up. Thus, a partitioning method was developed to reduce data transmission as much as possible by developing a real-time model-informed framework requiring only partial or limited knowledge of the system parameters. The proposed design relies on a multi-loop predictive controller that uses an observer\u27s estimated current and voltage states as the feedback values. The observer is based on a real-time model distributed utilizing a co-simulation method to partition the model such that each PEBB has a minimum sub-set consisting of that PEBB’s circuit elements. The PEBB control platform architecture and distributed predictive control framework developed in this dissertation allows distributed PEBB control nodes to rapidly coordinate and respond to multiple energy flow requirements with data exchanges as the core

Factores asociados a la anemia en preescolares y la práctica alimentaria en la Urbanización Juan Pablo II y Santa Luisa, Lima. Perú 2023

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre los factores asociados a la anemia en preescolares y la práctica alimentaria en la urbanización Juan Pablo II y Santa Luisa Lima Perú 2023. La metodología es de tipo básico, con diseño no experimental, cuantitativo y de corte transversal. Donde participaron 50 madres de niños en etapa preescolar de 3 a 5 años en la urbanización Juan Pablo II y Santa Luisa, perteneciente a la región Lima, distrito de los Olivos. La técnica que se usó para el recojo de información fue un cuestionario con preguntas y un formulario de recolección de datos como herramienta para recolectar datos de anemia y datos relacionados con los factores de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a la primera variable fueron que un 56% presenta un nivel regular, un 40% un nivel bajo y un 4% un nivel alto. En cuanto a la dimensión factor nutricional un 50% presenta un nivel bajo, un 48% presenta un nivel regular y un 2% presenta un nivel alto y para finalizar en la dimensión factor ambiental un 56% presento un nivel bajo, un 22% presento un nivel regular y un 22% presento un nivel alto. En cuanto a la segunda fue un 60% mostro un nivel bajo, un 24% obtuvo un nivel regular y un 16% obtuvo un nivel alto. Respecto a la dimensión biodisponibilidad se mostró que un 58% mostro un nivel regular, un 34% mostro un nivel bajo y un 8% mostro un nivel alto y por último en la dimensión Higiene un 50% mostro un nivel regular, un 44% mostro un nivel bajo y un 6% mostro un nivel alto. Además, El p valor calculado es de 0.000, que es menor al 0,01 (0,000 < 0.01) por que indica que se acepta la hipótesis alternativa: Existe relación significativa entre los factores asociados a la anemia y las prácticas alimentarias. Se concluye en el coeficiente rho de Spearman es de 0.566, lo que indica que la relación entre las variables es directa y de grado moderado