Preon Model and Family Replicated E₆ Unification

Previously we suggested a new preon model of composite quark-leptons and bosons with the 'flipped' E₆ × ˜E₆ gauge symmetry group. We assumed that preons are dyons having both hyper-electric g and hyper-magnetic ˜g charges, and these preons-dyons are confined by hyper-magnetic strings which are an N = 1 supersymmetric non-Abelian flux tubes created by the condensation of spreons near the Planck scale. In the present paper we show that the existence of the three types of strings with tensions Tk = kT₀ (k = 1,2,3) producing three (and only three) generations of composite quark-leptons, also provides three generations of composite gauge bosons ('hyper-gluons') and, as a consequence, predicts the family replicated [E₆]³ unification at the scale ~10¹⁷ GeV. This group of unification has the possibility of breaking to the group of symmetry: [SU(3)C]³ × [SU(2)L]³ × [U(1)Y]³ × [U(1)(B-L)]³ which undergoes the breakdown to the Standard Model at lower energies. Some predictive advantages of the family replicated gauge groups of symmetry are briefly discussed

Baryogenesis in Cosmological Model with Superstring-Inspired E_6 Unification

We have developed a concept of parallel existence of the ordinary (O) and hidden (H) worlds with a superstring-inspired E_6 unification, broken at the early stage of the Universe into SO(10) X U(1) - in the O-world, and SU(6)' X SU(2)' - in the H-world. As a result, we have obtained in the hidden world the low energy symmetry group G'_SM X SU(2)'_\theta, instead of the Standard Model group G_SM. The additional non-Abelian SU(2)'_\theta group with massless gauge fields, "thetons", is responsible for the dark energy. We present a baryogenesis mechanism with the B-L asymmetry produced by the conversion of ordinary leptons into particles of the hidden sector.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure

Hierarchy-problem and a bound state of 6 t and 6 anti- t

We propose a unification of some fine-tuning problems -- really in this article only the problem of why the weak scale is so small in energy compared to a presumed fundamental scale, being say the Planck scale -- by postulating the zero or very small value of the cosmological constant not only for one but for several vacua. This postulate corresponds to what we have called the Multiple Point Principle, namely that there be many ``vacuum'' states with the same energy density. We further assume that 6 top quarks and 6 anti-top quarks can bind by Higgs exchange so strongly as to become tachyonic and form a condensate. This gives rise to the possibility of having a phase transition between vacua with and without such a condensate. The two vacua distinguished by such a condensate will have the same cosmological constant provided the top Yukawa coupling is about $1.1 \pm 0.2$, in good correspondence with the experimental value. The further requirement that this value of the Yukawa coupling, at the weak scale, be compatible with the existence of a third vacuum, with a Higgs field expectation value of the order of the fundamental scale, enforces a hierarchical scale ratio between the fundamental and weak scales of order $10^{16}$ -- $10^{20}$.Comment: 9 pages, to be published in the Proceedings of the Coral Gables Conference on High Energy Physics and Cosmology, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 17 - 21 December 200