26 research outputs found
Hastings-Levitov aggregation in the small-particle limit
We establish some scaling limits for a model of planar aggregation. The model is described by the composition of a sequence of independent and identically distributed random conformal maps, each corresponding to the addition of one particle. We study the limit of small particle size and rapid aggregation. The process of growing clusters converges, in the sense of Caratheodory, to an inflating disc. A more refined analysis reveals, within the cluster, a tree structure of branching fingers, whose radial component increases deterministically with time. The arguments of any finite sample of fingers, tracked inwards, perform coalescing Brownian motions. The arguments of any finite sample of gaps between the fingers, tracked outwards, also perform coalescing Brownian motions. These properties are closely related to the evolution of harmonic measure on the boundary of the cluster, which is shown to converge to the Brownian web
Linear and non linear response in the aging regime of the 1D trap model
We investigate the behaviour of the response function in the one dimensional
trap model using scaling arguments that we confirm by numerical simulations. We
study the average position of the random walk at time tw+t given that a small
bias h is applied at time tw. Several scaling regimes are found, depending on
the relative values of t, tw and h. Comparison with the diffusive motion in the
absence of bias allows us to show that the fluctuation dissipation relation is,
in this case, valid even in the aging regime.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 3 references adde
Phase Transition in Ferromagnetic Ising Models with Non-Uniform External Magnetic Fields
In this article we study the phase transition phenomenon for the Ising model
under the action of a non-uniform external magnetic field. We show that the
Ising model on the hypercubic lattice with a summable magnetic field has a
first-order phase transition and, for any positive (resp. negative) and bounded
magnetic field, the model does not present the phase transition phenomenon
whenever , where is the external
magnetic field.Comment: 11 pages. Published in Journal of Statistical Physics - 201
On Bootstrap Percolation in Living Neural Networks
Recent experimental studies of living neural networks reveal that their
global activation induced by electrical stimulation can be explained using the
concept of bootstrap percolation on a directed random network. The experiment
consists in activating externally an initial random fraction of the neurons and
observe the process of firing until its equilibrium. The final portion of
neurons that are active depends in a non linear way on the initial fraction.
The main result of this paper is a theorem which enables us to find the
asymptotic of final proportion of the fired neurons in the case of random
directed graphs with given node degrees as the model for interacting network.
This gives a rigorous mathematical proof of a phenomena observed by physicists
in neural networks
Trapping in the random conductance model
We consider random walks on among nearest-neighbor random conductances
which are i.i.d., positive, bounded uniformly from above but whose support
extends all the way to zero. Our focus is on the detailed properties of the
paths of the random walk conditioned to return back to the starting point at
time . We show that in the situations when the heat kernel exhibits
subdiffusive decay --- which is known to occur in dimensions --- the
walk gets trapped for a time of order in a small spatial region. This shows
that the strategy used earlier to infer subdiffusive lower bounds on the heat
kernel in specific examples is in fact dominant. In addition, we settle a
conjecture concerning the worst possible subdiffusive decay in four dimensions.Comment: 21 pages, version to appear in J. Statist. Phy
Metastable behavior for bootstrap percolation on regular trees
We examine bootstrap percolation on a regular (b+1)-ary tree with initial law
given by Bernoulli(p). The sites are updated according to the usual rule: a
vacant site becomes occupied if it has at least theta occupied neighbors,
occupied sites remain occupied forever. It is known that, when b>theta>1, the
limiting density q=q(p) of occupied sites exhibits a jump at some
p_t=p_t(b,theta) in (0,1) from q_t:=q(p_t)p_t. We
investigate the metastable behavior associated with this transition.
Explicitly, we pick p=p_t+h with h>0 and show that, as h decreases to 0, the
system lingers around the "critical" state for time order h^{-1/2} and then
passes to fully occupied state in time O(1). The law of the entire
configuration observed when the occupation density is q in (q_t,1) converges,
as h tends to 0, to a well-defined measure.Comment: 10 pages, version to appear in J. Statist. Phy
Sub-diffusion and localization in the one dimensional trap model
We study a one dimensional generalization of the exponential trap model using
both numerical simulations and analytical approximations. We obtain the
asymptotic shape of the average diffusion front in the sub-diffusive phase. Our
central result concerns the localization properties. We find the dynamical
participation ratios to be finite, but different from their equilibrium
counterparts. Therefore, the idea of a partial equilibrium within the limited
region of space explored by the walk is not exact, even for long times where
each site is visited a very large number of times. We discuss the physical
origin of this discrepancy, and characterize the full distribution of dynamical
weights. We also study two different two-time correlation functions, which
exhibit different aging properties: one is `sub-aging' whereas the other one
shows `full aging'; therefore two diverging time scales appear in this model.
We give intuitive arguments and simple analytical approximations that account
for these differences, and obtain new predictions for the asymptotic (short
time and long time) behaviour of the scaling functions. Finally, we discuss the
issue of multiple time scalings in this model.Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures, 1 reference adde
The scaling limit geometry of near-critical 2D percolation
We analyze the geometry of scaling limits of near-critical 2D percolation,
i.e., for , with , as the lattice spacing
. Our proposed framework extends previous analyses for ,
based on . It combines the continuum nonsimple loop process describing
the full scaling limit at criticality with a Poissonian process for marking
double (touching) points of that (critical) loop process. The double points are
exactly the continuum limits of "macroscopically pivotal" lattice sites and the
marked ones are those that actually change state as varies. This
structure is rich enough to yield a one-parameter family of near-critical loop
processes and their associated connectivity probabilities as well as related
processes describing, e.g., the scaling limit of 2D minimal spanning trees.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure