Models for Type Ia supernovae and related astrophysical transients

We give an overview of recent efforts to model Type Ia supernovae and related astrophysical transients resulting from thermonuclear explosions in white dwarfs. In particular we point out the challenges resulting from the multi-physics multi-scale nature of the problem and discuss possible numerical approaches to meet them in hydrodynamical explosion simulations and radiative transfer modeling. We give examples of how these methods are applied to several explosion scenarios that have been proposed to explain distinct subsets or, in some cases, the majority of the observed events. In case we comment on some of the successes and shortcoming of these scenarios and highlight important outstanding issues.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, review published in Space Science Reviews as part of the topical collection on supernovae, replacement corrects typos in the conclusions sectio

Processamento de imagens: conceitos básicos relacionados com o fenômeno de difração e uso de um computador óptico

O fenômeno de difração é utilizado em um experimento relacionado à óptica de Fourier com o objetivo de estudar conceitos básicos de processamento de imagens. Um computador óptico e programas de suporte são utilizados de maneira que os estudantes tenham contato com procedimentos de filtragem espacial e reconstrução da imagem processada

A supersonic jet target for the cross section measurement of the 12 C(α, γ) 16 O reaction with the recoil mass separator ERNA

12C(α, γ)16O cross section plays a key-role in the stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis of massive stars. Hence, it must be determined with the precision of about 10% at the relevant Gamow energy of 300 keV. The ERNA (European Recoil mass separator for Nuclear Astrophysics) collaboration measured, for the first time, the total cross section of 12C(α, γ)16O by means of the direct detection of the 16O ions produced in the reaction down to an energy of Ecm = 1.9 MeV. To extend the measurement at lower energy, it is necessary to limit the extension of the He gas target. This can be achieved using a supersonic jet, where the oblique shock waves and expansion fans formed at its boundaries confine the gas, which can be efficiently collected using a catcher. A test version of such a system has been designed, constructed and experimentally characterized as a bench mark for a full numerical simulation using FV (Finite Volume) methods. The results of the commissioning of the jet test version and the design of the new system that will be used in combination with ERNA are presented and discussed

Experiments with a double solenoid system: Measurements of the

A recent experiment has been performed in the double solenoid system Radioactive Ion Beams in Brasil (RIBRAS) by impinging a pure 6He secondary beam on a thick CH2 target to measure the 6He + p excitation function. Results of this experiment will be presented

Four-body effects in the He6+Ni58 scattering

AbstractWe present angular distributions of the He6+Ni58 scattering measured at three bombarding energies above the Coulomb barrier: Elab=12.2 MeV,16.5 MeV,and 21.7 MeV. The angular distributions have been analysed in terms of three- and four-body Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channels calculations considering the effect of the 6He breakup. A behaviour in the cross section at large angles has been observed which was reproduced only by the four-body Continuum-Discretized Coupled-Channels calculation