RB30-246 Testing Ice Cream for Butterfat

Butterfat is usually the most expensive ingredient of ice cream; hence, great care is necessary in controllng its use. The manufacturer of ice cream, whether doing a large or a small volume of business, must manufacture a product that will comply with the established fat standard. Some means of determining the percentage of butterfat in the product must be available in order to establish this control. This 1930 research bulletin discusses the different testing equipment used to test butterfat in ice cream

A 32-element TDM optical hydrophone array

This paper describes the design and development of an optical hydrophone array for a seabed application. Optical hydrophones have been under development in a number of countries as alternatives to piezoelectric based sensors, and the technology has now reached the stage where arrays with significant numbers of sensors can be constructed and deployed in realistic environments. The array described in this paper is being constructed under a collaboration between the Research Agency in the UK and TNO/TPD in the Netherlands. The system is modular in from and comprises up to 32 hydrophone elements in a time division multiplexed reflectometric architecture. The array has been designed to act as a testbed for different hydrophone technologies and to explore their use in an at-sea trial. ©2003 Copyright SPIE