Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in ISIAH rats with stressinduced arterial hypertension

Because the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a wide range of opportunities in the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance and arterial pressure, it is currently hypothesized that alterations in systemic circulating or local tissue RAS are some of the most important pathogenetic factors in the development of essential hypertension. The aim of the study was to investigate circulating and local tissue RAS activities in ISIAH rats with stress-induced arterial hypertension. We estimated the serum levels of renin, the angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin II and aldosterone by an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and mRNA expression of RAS genes in kidney, adrenals and brain tissues was measured by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. The mRNA expression of the renin gene (Ren) in the ISIAH rats was significantly decreased as compared to the normotensive WAG rats, but plasma renin concentrations had no difference. At the same time, the serum levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone in the ISIAH rats were enhanced, which suggests the existence of an ectopic site of angiotensin synthesis. Expression of RAS genes in the adrenals of hypertensive rats was unchanged. By contrast, a significant increase of RAS genes expression was found in the brain tissues. The mRNA of the Ren gene was increased in the hypothalamus, and the mRNA of Ace gene was increased in the brain stem of the ISIAH rats. This may be indicative of a local increase of RAS activity in the brain tissues of ISIAH rats. Nevertheless, the results of the study define ISIAH rat strain as a model of human low-renin hypertension

Контроль бронхиальной астмы в амбулаторных условиях

Outpatient care for bronchial asthma patients, is one of the primary problems of the Russian healthcare.The article shows an analysis of 4-year work for outpatient management of asthma patients based on a pharmacoeconomic modelling method. A gradual implication of GINA principles allowed to improve the asthma detection in 4 times, to reduce a number of admitting to a hospital and of emergency care calls in 5.8 and 4.8 times accordingly. Treatment expenses for one asthma patient in the polyclinic №15 considering hospitalizations and privilege medication cost was 43% less than totally at Samara city.An analysis of quality of life using the SF-36 questionnaire demonstrated the asthma patients observed in the polyclinic №15 to have a higher quality of life compared with other asthma patients at Samara especially on the criteria of their social activity and mental status.Организация амбулаторной помощи больным бронхиальной астмой — одна из приоритетных задач Российского здравоохранения.В работе представлен анализ четырехлетней работы по амбулаторному ведению бронхиальной астмы в условиях пульмонологического кабинета, основанному на методе фармакоэкономического моделирования. Последовательное внедрение принципов формулярной системы по бронхиальной астме позволило улучшить выявляемость заболевания в 4 раза, уменьшить число случаев госпитализации и вызовов неотложной помощи в 5,8 и 4,8 раза соответственно. Расходы на одного больного с бронхиальной астмой в поликлинике №15 с учетом госпитализации и затрат на приобретение льготных медикаментов были на 43% меньше, чем по Самаре.Проведенный анализ качества жизни (КЖ) по опроснику ББ-Зб показал, что больные бронхиальной астмой, находящиеся под наблюдением в поликлинике №15, обладают в целом более высоким уровнем КЖ, чем пациенты других ЛПУ Самары, особенно по критериям, связанным с их социальной активностью и ментальной сферой

Controlling pyridinic, pyrrolic, graphitic, and molecular nitrogen in multi-wall carbon nanotubes using precursors with different N/C ratios in aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition

Nitrogen-containing multi-wall carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) were synthesized using aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques in conjunction with benzylamine:ferrocene or acetonitrile: ferrocene mixtures. Different amounts of toluene were added to these mixtures in order to change the N/C ratio of the feedstock. X-ray photoelectron and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy detected pyridinic, pyrrolic, graphitic, and molecular nitrogen forms in the N-MWCNT samples. Analysis of the spectral data indicated that whilst the nature of the nitrogen-containing precursor has little effect on the concentrations of the different forms of nitrogen in N-MWCNTs, the N/C ratio in the feedstock appeared to be the determining factor. When the N/C ratio was lower than ca. 0.01, all four forms existed in equal concentrations, for N/C ratios above 0.01, graphitic and molecular nitrogen were dominant. Furthermore, higher concentrations of pyridinic nitrogen in the outer shells and N2 molecules in the core of the as-produced N-MWCNTs suggest that the precursors were decomposed into individual atoms, which interacted with the catalyst surface to form CN and NH species or in fact diffused through the bulk of the catalyst particles. These findings are important for a better understanding of possible growth mechanisms for heteroatom-containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and therefore paving the way for controlling the spatial distribution of foreign elements in the CNTs using CVD processes

Fluctuation-induced phase in CsCuCl3 in transverse magnetic field: Theory

CsCuCl3 is a quantum triangular antiferromagnet, ferromagnetically stacked, with an incommensurate (IC) structure due to a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Because of the classical degeneracy caused by the frustration, fluctuations in CsCuCl3 have extraordinarily large effects, such as the phase transition in longitudinal magnetic field (normal to the planes, parallel to the IC wavenumber q) and the plateau in q in transverse field (perpendicular to q). We argue that fluctuations are responsible also for the new IC phase discovered in transverse field near the Neel temperature T_N, by T. Werner et al. [Solid State Commun. 102, p.609 (1997)]. We develop and analyse the corresponding minimal Landau theory; the effects of fluctuations on the frustration are included phenomenologically, by means of a biquadratic term. The Landau theory gives two IC phases, one familiar from previous studies; properties of the new IC phase, which occupies a pocket of the temperature-field phase diagram near T_N, agree qualitatively with those of the new phase found experimentally.Comment: 12 pages, revtex, 4 postscript figures, submitted to J. Phys: Condens. Matte

The complex interdisciplinary approach in treatment of acute gastrointestinal bleedings

The comparative analysis of treatment of 1484 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleedings of a various aetiology from 2000 on 2010 is carried out. It is established, that application of a method of argon plasma coagulation is a highly effective method of a hemostasis at ulcer gastrointestinal bleedings. Application of a method argon plasma coagulations, allows to lower surgical activity, to reduce average terms of stay of the patient in a hospital, to lower material inputs on treatment. Expediency consecutive stationary and out-patient treatment of patients with ulcer gastrointestinal bleedings is proved.Проведен сравнительный анализ лечения 1484 пациентов с кровотечениями из верхних отделов пищеварительного тракта различной этиологии за период с 2000 по 2010 г. Установлено, что применение метода аргоноплазменной коагуляции является высокоэффективным методом гемостаза при язвенных гастродуоденальных кровотечениях. Применение метода эндоскопической аргоноплазменной коагуляции, позволяет снизить хирургическую активность, сократить средние сроки пребывания пациента в стационаре, снизить материальные затраты на лечение. Обоснована целесообразность этапного стационарного и амбулаторного лечения пациентов с язвенными гастродуоденальными кровотечениями

Bromination of double-walled carbon nanotubes

Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) have been functionalized by bromine vapor at room temperature. At least two different bromine species were detected in the product using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermal gravimetric analysis. The primary form is negatively charged Br2 molecules exhibiting an intense resonance at ∼238 cm−1 in the Raman spectrum. The electron transfer from the nanotubes to the adsorbed molecules is detected from C 1s XPS and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra. The optical absorption spectra reveal that although the metallic nanotubes are more reactive to Br2, the outer semiconducting nanotubes also readily interact with Br2 adsorbates. The secondary bromine form is attributed to covalent C-Br bonding, and its possible sources are discussed in the light of quantum-chemical calculations. Analysis of the XPS, Raman, and optical absorption spectra of the Br-DWCNTs annealed at 100-170 ° C indicates preservation of a part of bromine molecules in samples that affects the electronic and vibration properties of nanotubes