Evolution of Military Hospitals Architecture in Russia from 1707 Year Till Nowadays

In article authors show the history of evolution of military hospitals in Russia from 1707. More than 300 years are presented in a short to draw a picture of development of this type of buildings. Special attention is devoted to the modern projects and their characteristics. Also authors consider field and mobile hospitals, their constructivepeculiar properties and predictable future of this sphere

Архитектурно-планировочный анализ Демидовского заводского госпиталя: история почти 200-летней эксплуатации

Article is devoted to history one of the first Ural medical institutions — Demidovsky factory hospital. Authors consider architectural and planning decisions, reconstruction questions, condition of hospital today. During reconstruction the 120 beds hospital turned into clinic on 250 visits, its operation doesn’t stop and today.Статья посвящена истории одного из первых уральских лечебных учреждений — Демидовскому заводскому госпиталю. Авторы рассматривают архитектурно-планировочные решения, вопросы реконструкции, состояние госпиталя на сегодняшний день. В ходе реконструкции госпиталь на 120 коек превратился в поликлинику на 250 посещений, его эксплуатация не прекращается и сегодня

Current State of Pasture Vegetation of the Arid Zone (On the Example of Key Rural Municipalities of the Republic of Kalmykia)

The article presents the results of field observations over 2012–2018 carried out by the Department of Environmental Research of the Institute for Complex Studies of Arid Territories. The work includes materials on the climatic review and the original results of geobotanical investigation of 5 farms in rural municipalities of the Republic of Kalmykia (RK) over the period of the study. We used materials of a large geobotanical survey of YUZHNIIGIPROZEM Company (1991–1995) and materials of earth remote sensing (by Landsat satellite). According to the studies, the period from 2012 to 2018 demonstrates a general trend of climate warming throughout the territory of Kalmykia accompanied by a decrease in precipitation and an increase in extreme droughts in the summer. Geoecological monitoring of pastures at five key sites of the RK revealed that in the dry steppe zone (Manych municipality) and in the semi-desert zone (Khanatinsky municipality), deterioration of pastures is observed; in the desert zone (Adykovskoye municipality), significant degradation processes were identified associated with strong anthropogenic impact and fires, manifested in the loss of valuable food crops (wormwood) and increased influence of cereal crops. Floristic and phytocenotic analyzes revealed an increase in the number of plant species in the weed and ruderal groups

T35 Epigenetic changes in human cervical carcinomas associated with viral induced pathogenesis

Epigenetics investigates mechanisms that control inheritance of gene expression program during somatic cell divisions. These mechanisms include regulation by DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications and nucleosome positioning, functioning of regulatory non-coding RNAs, control of alternative splicing of mRNA precursors and high-order chromatin organization. Genome-wide loss of epigenetic stability and increased epigenetic plasticity are common features of all tumor types. In normal tissues epigenetic plasticity allow cells to response on environment signals. Thus, in tumor cells its constitutive activation leads to epigenetic heterogeneity that are the additional hallmark of the most of the classical cancers. Cervical cancers are one of the most interesting models for the analysis of the role of epigenetic changes in tumor progression. These types of tumors are associated with infection of human papilloma viruses of so-called high-risk group (HR-HPV) and characterized by well-defined stages of malignant conversion from intraepithelial neoplasias to carcinomas. The viral DNA can persist in episomal form or integrates into the host-cell genome.Cellular genomes encode genetic information in their linear sequence, but appropriate gene expression requires chromosomes to fold into dynamic complex three-dimensional structures. Scaffold/matrix attachment regions (S/MARs) are specialized genomic DNA sequences that take part in organization of these structures. We demonstrated that methylation of S/MARs was required for their attachment to nuclear matrix and that methylation status of S/MARs was changed in cervical cancer cell compared to normal cells.DNA methylation plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. We found that methylation of the regulatory sequences in the HPV16 genome specifically changes in transformed compared to the normal cervical epithelial cells. Next, we showed that methylation of the transcription factor binding sites modulates the viral oncogene expression. These data suggest that the HPV16 genome methylation may represent an important mechanism that initiates the development of HPV-associated tumors.Using next generation sequencing, we identified pattern of differentially expressed microRNAs in clinical samples of the cervical lesions. We confirmed expression of microRNAs that have been described previously as well as identified new microRNAs that can be potentially involved in the development and progression of cervical cancer. Spectrum of differentially expressed microRNAs includes microRNAs targeting tumor-suppressor genes as well as oncogenes.Telomerase is a key regulator of cell proliferation. This enzyme is silent in normal cells and activated in most of the tumors. Few forms of RNA (hTERT), encoded by telomerase gene were detected in different tumor cells and among them three forms (alfa, beta and gamma) are most well pronounced. We found that in cervical tumors expression of all three forms are significantly increased. In some cases, we also observe higher level of hTERT expression in neighboring “normal tissue”. The correlation between expression levels of these three forms varied on different stages of the disease (three stages on intraepithelial neoplasias and carcinomas). The function of these three hTERT forms is still not well understood

Non-conservative Evolution of Cataclysmic Variables

We suggest a new mechanism to account for the loss of angular momentum in binaries with non-conservative mass exchange. It is shown that in some cases the loss of matter can result in increase of the orbital angular momentum of a binary. If included into consideration in evolutionary calculations, this mechanism appreciably extends the range of mass ratios of components for which mass exchange in binaries is stable. It becomes possible to explain the existence of some observed cataclysmic binaries with high donor/accretor mass ratio, which was prohibited in conservative evolution models.Comment: LaTeX, 32 pages, to be published in Astron. Z

Upper limit on the ultra-high-energy photon flux from AGASA and Yakutsk data

We present the interpretation of the muon and scintillation signals of ultra-high-energy air showers observed by AGASA and Yakutsk extensive air shower array experiments. We consider case-by-case ten highest energy events with known muon content and conclude that at the 95% confidence level (C.L.) none of them was induced by a primary photon. Taking into account statistical fluctuations and differences in the energy estimation of proton and photon primaries, we derive an upper limit of 36% at 95% C.L. on the fraction of primary photons in the cosmic-ray flux above 10^20 eV. This result disfavors the Z-burst and superheavy dark-matter solutions to the GZK-cutoff problem.Comment: revtex, 8 pages, 4 figure

Characterization of the Antibiotic Compound No. 70 Produced by Streptomyces sp. IMV-70

We describe the actinomycete strain IMV-70 isolated from the soils of Kazakhstan, which produces potent antibiotics with high levels of antibacterial activity. After the research of its morphological, chemotaxonomic, and cultural characteristics, the strain with potential to be developed further as a novel class of antibiotics with chemotherapeutics potential was identified as Streptomyces sp. IMV-70. In the process of fermentation, the strain Streptomyces spp. IMV-70 produces the antibiotic no. 70, which was isolated from the culture broth by extraction with organic solvents. Antibiotic compound no. 70 was purified and separated into individual components by HPLC, TLC, and column chromatography methods. The main component of the compound is the antibiotic 70-A, which was found to be identical to the peptolide etamycin A. Two other antibiotics 70-B and 70-C have never been described and therefore are new antibiotics. The physical-chemical and biological characteristics of these preparations were described and further researched. Determination of the optimal growth conditions to cultivate actinomycete-producer strain IMV-70 and development of methods to isolate, purify, and accumulate preparations of the new antibiotic no. 70 enable us to research further the potential of this new class of antibiotics