Infrared radiation of Venusian clouds

The thermal infrared emission of Venus measured by Venera-9 and Venera-10 is analyzed. The emission of the night side corresponds to a brightness temperature of 244 K. The brightest temperature of the day side is 233-234 K. The extent of the upper layer of clouds, in which the thermal emission is formed, is 4-6 km. The altitude of the emitting layer above the surface of the planet (64-67 km) is determined from the brightness temperature and the existing models of the atmosphere of Venus. In some cases, correlation is noted between the inhomogeneity and the details of the ultraviolet image. The day side temperatures strangely coincide with the freezing point of sulfuric acid at a concentration of 66-77%

Distinct Features of the Self-Concept and the Meaning-Forming Motives of Intellectual Professionals: A Case of Australian and Russian Specialists of Intellectual Labour

Introduction. The authors substantiate the necessity and relevance of studying the features of self-concept and the meaning-forming motives for intellectual labour. The novelty of this study is that a comparative analysis of the particularities of self-concept and the meaning-forming motives of the Australian and Russian specialists of intellectual labour is carried out for the first time. Methods. The study is based on the survey of 30 Australian and 40 Russian professionals in various fields of intellectual labour, whose average age was 34 years and 36 years old respectively. Psychological testing and content analysis of respondents’ self-descriptions were used as primary methods of research. The questionnaire with open-ended items created by the authors, entitled “Meaning-Forming Motives of Labour Activity – Money”, has been used for data collection. Parametric and nonparametric statistical procedures were carried out in analyses. Results and Discussion. This section describes the features of cognitive and emotional-evaluative components of self-concept, work-related meaning-forming motives of Australian and Russian professionals in the field of intellectual labour, both men and women. The leading categories in self-descriptions of the respondents are dependent on their nationality and gender. The following features of self-concept were revealed in the study: Australian men describe themselves through their look, Australian women – through their hobbies and friendships, Russian women – through their society status and social environment. The obtained results can be used in the development of a general management system and of training programs for professionals in the field of intellectual labour

The formation of social-psychological competence in professional activity of subjects two different groups of bank workers

© 2014 Copyright for this article is retained by the author(s). The research of the problems caused by occupational optimization of Bank employees aimed at creating a social-psychological competence in their professional activity, which is ordered in the labour market. The purpose of the article is aimed at identifying the personal characteristics of the subjects of the two different groups of Bank employees in their professional activities. A leading method is a method of testing aimed at identifying personal characteristics such as: empathic abilities, personality predisposition to conflict behavior, ability to listen, machiavellism. The article revealed that the socio-psychological competence of the subjects of the two different groups of Bank employees is determined by a set of specific vocational skills, such as empathic abilities, personality predisposition to conflict behavior, listening skills, the manifestation of machiavellism. The article can be useful for selection and placement of personnel in the internal environment

Психологические особенности обучения естественно научным дисциплинам студентов с гуманитарным стилем мышления

The article explores psychological features of mastering the content of natural sciences by students with humanities line of thought. The specifics of teaching natural sciences to the students with humanities line of thought is determined by the students» perception and processing of information. Humanities-minded students are characterized by slow generalization, unconcluded thinking, and a weak tendency to rationality. The problem of understanding and comprehension in humanities-minded students is more prominent, which is revealed in formal memorization of formulas and definitions no realizing the meaning and recognizing only familiar information.Students with Humanities line of thought often have difficulty using abstract material and precise scientific concepts. The specific character of humanitarian thinking lies in its associative character and essential role of the subjective, emotional, expression of interest to the person and his role in the world. For the Humanities-minded students, imagery and vivacity of thinking, emotional attitude to events are more typical. Experience shows that students who have chosen to study Humanities have a predominant humanitarian thinking. This type of thinking is formed by the special education in secondary schools and is still developing at the stage of higher education. Humanitarian type of thinking is characterized by dialogue, variability, creativity, independence in mastering new knowledge, ability to intellectual inventions and experiments with unknown and not evident results, reflexing and critical thinking of the results. Humanities-minded students are more characterized by the prevalence of associative, imaginative thinking, emotional perception of information, rejection of formalized, probative ways of reasoning, the dominance of the real perception of the world over the abstract and idealized. В статье рассматриваются психологические особенности освоения студентами-гуманитариями содержания естественно-научного образования. Специфика обучения естественно-научным дисциплинам студентов-гуманитариев определяется наличием у данной группы обучающихся особенностей восприятия и переработки информации. Для мышления гуманитариев характерно медленное обобщение, мышление не свернутыми умозаключениями и слабая склонность к рациональности. Проблема понимания и осмысления у студентов-гуманитариев выделяется более выпукло, что проявляется в формальном запоминании формул и определений без осознания их смысла, узнавании только знакомой информации. У гуманитариев часто имеются затруднения, связанные с использованием абстрактного материала, точными научными понятиями. Специфика гуманитарного мышления заключается в его ассоциативном характере и существенной роли субъективного, эмоционального, выражении интереса к человеку и его роли в мире, с приоритетностью творческого, художественного начала, объяснения происхождения объектов, явлений, исходя из целого, в которое они включены, или из эстетической необходимости. Для гуманитариев в большей степени свойственны образность и живость мышления, эмоциональное отношение к событиям. Практика показывает, что у студентов, выбравших для обучения гуманитарные специальности, преобладает гуманитарное мышление. Оно сформировано условиями профильного обучения в средней школе и продолжает развиваться на этапе получения высшего образования. Гуманитарный тип мышления характеризуется диалогичностью, вариативностью, креативностью, самостоятельностью в освоении новых знаний, способностью к интеллектуальным изобретениям и экспериментам с неизвестными и неочевидными результатами, к рефлексивности и критичности результатов деятельности. Для студентов-гуманитариев в большей мере характерно превалирование ассоциативного, образного мышления, эмоционального восприятия информации, отторжение формализованных, доказательных способов рассуждений, доминирование реального восприятия окружающего мира над абстрактным, идеализированным.

INFLUENCE EXERTED BY SOMATIC PATHOLOGY ON RISKS OF OCCUPATIONAL LUNG FIBROSIS IN WORKERS EMPLOYED AT REFRACTORY PRODUCTION

Occupational lungs and bronchial pathology occurs not only under exposure to dusts, their aerosol structure and aggression, but also depends on individual properties of a body. The latter can determine either increased body resistance or susceptibility to occupational pathology occurrence. Our research goal was to determine influence exerted by somatic pathology on occupational lung fibrosis occurrence as well as to estimate prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic pathology occurrence in workers employed at refractory production. At the first stage 449 workers employed at refractory production were examined at a periodical medical examination (PME). Patients' average age was 41.59 ± 0.45 and average work experience was 14.47 ± 0.39 years. At the second stage 172 workers were examined at an occupational pathology center; 75 out of them were workers who had silicosis and were included into the test group and the remaining 97 workers didn't have any occupational pathology and were included into the reference group. Both groups were comparable as per sex (p = 0.0052) and work experience under exposure to dusts (p = 0.862). Workers examined at a PME most frequently had overweight and obesity (68 %). Arterial hypertension (AH) prevalence amounted to 19.5%; carbohydrate metabolism disorders, 19.8 %; 48.1 % workers had hypercholesterolemia. Patients with silicosis had certain disorders significantly more frequently than workers with long work experience but without any occupational pathologies; those disorders were AH, cardiac muscle hypertrophy in the left ventricle, ischemic heart disease, heart rate disorders, as well as mixed (obstructive and restrictive) breath mechanics disorders. We determined some factors that authentically produced certain effects on occupational lung fibrosis occurrence in workers employed at refractory production. Median time of silicosis occurrence was significantly shorter (by 11.5 years) among workers with severe AH, arrhythmia (by 13 years), lower hemoglobin in blood (by 11.5 years). Besides, silicosis occurred significantly earlier (by 10.8) among women than among men. © 2020 Obukhova T.Yu., Budkar' L.N., Gurvich V.B., Solodushkin S.I., Shmonina O.G., Karpova E.A.,. All Rights Reserved

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Associated with Occupational Lung Fibrosis in Employees Exposed to the Dust at the Workplace

Introduction. The attribution of certain medical conditions in industrial workers to hazardous exposures at the workplace remains a challenging issue of occupational health. Material and methods. In order to identify cardiovascular conditions associated with occupational lung diseases in workers exposed to fibrogenic dust, we conducted a medical check-up examination of individuals employed in refractory production and asbestos industry. The main group consisted of the patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lung fibrosis (asbestosis, silicosis); the reference group was age- and tenure-matched workers without occupational fibrosis. Results. We e stablished a significantly h igher prevalence of arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, s inus tachycardia, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and impaired fasting glycemia in workers with silicosis and asbestosis if compared to those without work-related diseases. Based on the relative risk and attributable fraction estimates, we assume there is moderate occupational causation for arterial hypertension and a strong one for left ventricular hypertrophy, sinus tachycardia, and obesity. Very strong causation was found between occupational exposure to fibrogenic dust and carbohydrate metabolism disorders. High-stage hypertension, dyslipidemia and left ventricular hypertrophy were found to have a statistically significant impact on the timing of silicosis. Whereas high-stage hypertension, coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy and obesity were found to impact the timing of asbestosis. Conclusion. Cardiovascular and metabolic disorders are statistically more occurrent in workers with silicosis or asbestosis. Therefore, the disease can be regarded as work-related. We established cardiovascular and metabolic disorders to have a statistically significant impact on the timing of silicosis and asbestosis. Therefore, a timely CVD prophylaxis could reduce the risk of occupational lung fibrosis in workers exposed to fibrogenic dust. © 2020 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved.The work of Solodushkin was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract No 02.A03.21.0006

Strategic Priorities in Innovative-Technological Development in Physical Education and Sports

Непрекращающиеся изменения, связанные с геополитической ситуацией, эпидемиологической обстановкой и многими другими факторами, которые на протяжении последних лет заставляют общество моментально реагировать и трансформироваться, не обходят стороной ни одну сферу деятельности. Так, сфера физической культуры и спорта, следуя современным тенденциям, ставит перед собой задачи по цифровизации отрасли, развитию спортивной индустрии в части создания технологического суверенитета по производству спортивного оборудования и инвентаря, совершенствованию медико-биологического обеспечения и мн. др. В статье определены основные направления инновационно-технологического развития сферы физической культуры и спорта.Unending changes connected to the geopolitical situation, epidemiological situation and different other factors that over the years force the population to react and transform touch upon every field of activity. And so, the field of physical education and sports following modern tendencies sets for itself goals in the digitalization of the field and the development of the sports industry in the creation of technological sovereignity in the production of sports equipment and inventory, perfection of medical support and much more. In this paper are shown the main directions of innovative technological development in the field of physical education and sports

Creation of the Ural Industrial-Sports Cluster in the Sverdlovsk Region

Одной из приоритетных задач развития физической культуры и спорта Российской Федерации является выполнение Указа Президента в части увеличения к 2030 году доли населения до 70 %, систематически занимающегося физической культурой и спортом. Создание и развитие необходимой спортивной инфраструктуры оказывает огромное влияние на этот показатель. Также развитие спортивной инфраструктуры является важнейшим общефедеральным вопросом, залогом будущего развития не только отрасли физической культуры и спорта, но и общества, и государства в целом. Создание индустриально-спортивных кластеров — новая веха в развитии сферы физической культуры и спорта. В статье представлен опыт Свердловской области в части создания Уральского индустриально-спортивного кластера.One of the prioritized missions in the development of physical education and sports in the Russian Federation is completing President Vladimir Putin’s task of increasing the percent of the population that participates in physical education and sports to 70 % until 2030. The creation and development of necessary systems greatly influences the number of people that participate. Also, the development of a sports infrastructure is one of the most vital federal tasks that is the foundation for future development of not just physical education and sports but of the population and of the government in general. The creation industrialsports clusters — is a new branch of development in the field of physical education and sports. In this paper are presented ways that the Sverdlovsk region helped develop a Ural Industrialsports cluster

Mathematical Modeling of the Development of Chronic Fluorine Intoxication in Aluminium Industry Workers

Introduction. Chronic fluorine intoxication prevails among the newly discovered occupational diseases in aluminum industry workers. Mathematical modeling is one of the helpful tools in ensuring better risk management with respect to the development of occupational fluorosis. Objective. Developing a logistic regression model predicting a probability of occupational fluorosis development in an occupational staff of aluminum plants in order to suggest adequate prophylactic strategies. Material and methods. A logistic regression model predicting a probability of the development of occupational fluorosis in aluminum industry workers of the Sverdlovsk region was constructed. The model embraced the results of a univariate analysis conducted with respect to major occupational exposures and health characteristics of 201 workers. Results. Six major factors were identified as being predictive of occupational fluorosis development in aluminum industry workers: age (fluorosis risk increases with age); type 2 diabetes mellitus; atrophic gastritis; kidney cysts; X-ray examination data (fluorosis risk increases with the stage as determined by X-ray); the hydro fluoride concentration increases by more than 2 occupational exposure limits. The developed model was verified by clinical cases and showed a high predictive ability (86.2 %). Both sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (true negative rate) of the model amounted to 86.2 %. Conclusion. By multivariate analysis the significant, mutually independent factors were identified, their combination being associated with chronic fluorine intoxication in an occupational staff of aluminum plants. The developed mathematical model has a high predictive ability and can be recommended as a sure tool to forecast the course of occupational fluorosis development in the workers at the aluminum industry. © 2020 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved.The work of Solodushkin was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract No 02.A03.21.0006

The influence of different concentrations of dust of chrysotile asbestose and hazardous length of employment on terms of developing asbestosis among employees of the OJSC "llralasbest"

An objective of this study is to provide a comparative assessment of influence of the “harmful seniority” and various levels of aerosol concentrations of chrysotile asbestos in the work area air as well as of duration of the “dust seniority” on the risk of developing asbestosis.Цель исследования: дать сравнительную оценку влияния «вредного стажа» и различных уровней концентраций аэрозолей хризотил-асбеста в воздухе рабочей зоны и длительности пылевого стажа на риск развития асбестоза