La rítmica -música en movimiento- como estrategia de reeducación corporal y rehabilitación psicosocial en personas con problemas de salud mental

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la eficiencia de un programa artístico de reeducación corporal y su repercusión en el comportamiento físico, cognitivo, emocional y socioafectivo de un grupo de adultos con problemas de salud mental. Se presenta el trabajo emprendido durante 5 meses con personas con problemas de salud mental en fase de rehabilitación que asisten a un centro de día en Barcelona. La interacción entre las necesidades físicas y emocionales de los participantes, el favoritismo musical y los principios metodológicos de la rítmica Dalcroze: imitación, reacción, improvisación, orientaron este trabajo personalizado de música, ritmo y movimiento a la reeducación corporal y la rehabilitación psicosocial. Se utiliza el método cualitativo fenomenológico interpretativo, fundamentado en la valoración de las experiencias rítmicas de una muestra (n=10) configurada por un grupo de 10 adultos de edades comprendidas entre 34 y 61 años. El uso de instrumentos cualitativos: Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Scale (COTE), grupos de discusión, entrevistas y diario de reflexión proporcionaron los datos que confirman los beneficios de la rítmica en la activación corporal, cognitiva y socio-afectiva. La práctica de la rítmica -música en movimiento- implica la respuesta física y la atención, motiva la autoestima, la memoria motriz y la creatividad y mejora la dimensión expresiva verbal-no verbal, la confianza, la autonomía y la sociabilidad. This paper has as the main purpose of analyzing the efficiency of an artistic body reeducation program and its impact on the physical, cognitive, emotional and socio-affective behavior of a group of adults with mental health problems. The work undertaken for 5 months is presented with people with problems of mental health rehabilitation phase in attending a day center in Barcelona. The interaction between the physical and emotional needs of participants, the musical favoritism and the methodological principles of the Dalcroze rhythmic: imitation, reaction, improvisation, oriented this custom work of music, rhythm and movement to the body re-education and psycho-social rehabilitation. The qualitative interpretative phenomenological method is used, based on the valuation of the rhythmic experiences of a sample (n = 10) set up by a group of 10 adults aged between 34 and 61 years. The use of qualitative instruments: Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Scale (COTE), group discussions, interview and journal of reflection provided data that confirm the benefits of the rhythmic activation body, cognitive and affective. The rhythmic -music in motion- practice involves the physical response and attention, encourages self- esteem, motor memory and creativity and improves the verbal non-verbal expressive dimension, trust, autonomy and sociability

Soil humic substances hinder the propagation of prions

Prions are infectious pathogens causing fatal neurodegenerative disorders, known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), or prion diseases, which affect different mammalian species. TSEs include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in mule deer, elk, and moose (cervids), and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. The prominent, if not only, component of prions is a misfolded conformer (PrPSc) of a constitutive sialoglycoprotein, the cellular prion protein (PrPC). A notable feature of prion diseases is horizontal transmission between grazing animals, implying that contaminated soil may serve to propagate the disease. In this respect, it has been reported that grazing animals ingest from tens to hundreds grams of soil per day, either incidentally through the diet, or deliberately in answering salt needs, and that mule deer can develop CWD after grazing in locations that previously housed infected \u202

La rítmica -música en movimientocomo estrategia de reeducación corporal y rehabilitación psicosocial en personas con problemas de salud mental

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la eficiencia de un programa artístico de reeducación corporal y su repercusión en el comportamiento físico, cognitivo, emocional y socioafectivo de un grupo de adultos con problemas de salud mental. Se presenta el trabajo emprendido durante 5 meses con personas con problemas de salud mental en fase de rehabilitación que asisten a un centro de día en Barcelona. La interacción entre las necesidades físicas y emocionales de los participantes, el favoritismo musical y los principios metodológicos de la rítmica Dalcroze: imitación, reacción, improvisación, orientaron este trabajo personalizado de música, ritmo y movimiento a la reeducación corporal y la rehabilitación psicosocial. Se utiliza el método cualitativo fenomenológico interpretativo, fundamentado en la valoración de las experiencias rítmicas de una muestra (n=10) configurada por un grupo de 10 adultos de edades comprendidas entre 34 y 61 años. El uso de instrumentos cualitativos: Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Scale, grupos de discusión, entrevistas y diario de reflexión proporcionaron los datos que confirman los beneficios de la rítmica en la activación corporal, cognitiva y socio-afectiva. La práctica de la rítmica -música en movimiento- implica la respuesta física y la atención, motiva la autoestima, la memoria motriz y la creatividad y mejora la dimensión expresiva verbal-no verbal, la confianza, la autonomía y la sociabilidad. This paper has as the main purpose of analyzing the efficiency of an artistic body reeducation program and its impact on the physical, cognitive, emotional and socio-affective behavior of a group of adults with mental health problems. The work undertaken for 5 months is presented with people with problems of mental health rehabilitation phase in attending a day center in Barcelona. The interaction between the physical and emotional needs of participants, the musical favoritism and the methodological principles of the Dalcroze rhythmic: Imitation, reaction, improvisation, oriented this custom work of music, rhythm and movement to the body re-education and psycho-social rehabilitation. The qualitative interpretative phenomenological method is used, based on the valuation of the rhythmic experiences of a sample (n = 10) set up by a group of 10 adults aged between 34 and 61 years . The use of qualitative instruments: Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Scale (COTE), group discussions, interview and journal of reflection provided data that confirm the benefits of the rhythmic activation body, cognitive and affective. The rhythmic -music in motion- practice involves the physical response and attention, encourages self-esteem, motor memory and creativity and improves the verbal non-verbal expressive dimension, trust, autonomy and sociability

Constitutive activation of cellular immunity underlies the evolution of resistance to infection in Drosophila

Organisms rely on inducible and constitutive immune defences to combat infection. Constitutive immunity enables a rapid response to infection but may carry a cost for uninfected individuals, leading to the prediction that it will be favoured when infection rates are high. When we exposed populations of Drosophila melanogaster to intense parasitism by the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi, they evolved resistance by developing a more reactive cellular immune response. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that immune-inducible genes had become constitutively upregulated. This was the result of resistant larvae differentiating precursors of specialized immune cells called lamellocytes that were previously only produced after infection. Therefore, populations evolved resistance by genetically hard-wiring the first steps of an induced immune response to become constitutive

Constitutive activation of cellular immunity underlies the evolution of resistance to infection in Drosophila

Organisms rely on inducible and constitutive immune defences to combat infection. Constitutive immunity enables a rapid response to infection but may carry a cost for uninfected individuals, leading to the prediction that it will be favoured when infection rates are high. When we exposed populations of Drosophila melanogaster to intense parasitism by the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi, they evolved resistance by developing a more reactive cellular immune response. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we found that immune-inducible genes had become constitutively upregulated. This was the result of resistant larvae differentiating precursors of specialized immune cells called lamellocytes that were previously only produced after infection. Therefore, populations evolved resistance by genetically hard-wiring the first steps of an induced immune response to become constitutive

Prion protein interaction with soil humic substances: environmental implications

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are fatal neurodegenerative disorders caused by prions. Animal TSE include scrapie in sheep and goats, and chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids. Effective management of scrapie in many parts of the world, and of CWD in North American deer population is complicated by the persistence of prions in the environment. After shedding from diseased animals, prions persist in soil, withstanding biotic and abiotic degradation. As soil is a complex, multi-component system of both mineral and organic components, it is important to understand which soil compounds may interact with prions and thus contribute to disease transmission. Several studies have investigated the role of different soil minerals in prion adsorption and infectivity; we focused our attention on the interaction of soil organic components, the humic substances (HS), with recombinant prion protein (recPrP) material. We evaluated the kinetics of recPrP adsorption, providing a structural and biochemical characterization of chemical adducts using different experimental approaches. Here we show that HS act as potent anti-prion agents in prion infected neuronal cells and in the amyloid seeding assays: HS adsorb both recPrP and prions, thus sequestering them from the prion replication process. We interpreted our findings as highly relevant from an environmental point of view, as the adsorption of prions in HS may affect their availability and consequently hinder the environmental transmission of prion diseases in ruminants

Effect of Long-Term Zinc Pollution on Soil Microbial Community Resistance to Repeated Contamination

The aim of the study was to compare the effects of stress (contamination trials) on the microorganisms in zinc-polluted soil (5,018 mg Zn kg−1 soil dry weight) and unpolluted soil (141 mg Zn kg−1 soil dw), measured as soil respiration rate. In the laboratory, soils were subjected to copper contamination (0, 500, 1,500 and 4,500 mg kg−1 soil dw), and then a bactericide (oxytetracycline) combined with a fungicide (captan) along with glucose (10 mg g−1 soil dw each) were added. There was a highly significant effect of soil type, copper treatment and oxytetracycline/captan treatment. The initial respiration rate of chronically zinc-polluted soil was higher than that of unpolluted soil, but in the copper treatment it showed a greater decline. Microorganisms in copper-treated soil were more susceptible to oxytetracycline/captan contamination. After the successive soil contamination trials the decline of soil respiration was greater in zinc-polluted soil than in unpolluted soil

Manganese Enhances Prion Protein Survival in Model Soils and Increases Prion Infectivity to Cells

Prion diseases are considered to be transmissible. The existence of sporadic forms of prion diseases such as scrapie implies an environmental source for the infectious agent. This would suggest that under certain conditions the prion protein, the accepted agent of transmission, can survive in the environment. We have developed a novel technique to extract the prion protein from soil matrices. Previous studies have suggested that environmental manganese is a possible risk factor for prion diseases. We have shown that exposure to manganese is a soil matrix causes a dramatic increase in prion protein survival (∼10 fold) over a two year period. We have also shown that manganese increases infectivity of mouse passaged scrapie to culture cells by 2 logs. These results clearly verify that manganese is a risk factor for both the survival of the infectious agent in the environment and its transmissibility