Interpersonal violence. Serious sequelae for heart disease in women

Experiencing various forms of violence in either childhood or adulthood has been associated with cardiovascular disease, both shortly after the event and during follow-up, particularly in women. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has heightened the risk of domestic violence with serious sequelae for mental and cardiovascular health in women, possibly due to several contributing factors, ranging from lockdown, stay at home regulations, job losses, anxiety, and stress. Accordingly, it remains paramount to enforce proactive preventive strategies, at both the family and individual level, maintain a high level of attention to recognize all forms of violence or abuse, and guarantee a multidisciplinary team approach for victims of interpersonal or domestic violence in order to address physical, sexual, and emotional domains and offer a personalized care

МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ДЕТАЛЕЙ

The paper describes a functional scheme of a machine-tool for simultaneous abrasive machining of lenses with shallow high-accuracy executive surface. The machine-tools permits flexibly and within long range to control shape-formation process through changing such adjustment parameters as tool and rough workpiece frequency rotation, amplitude value of tool oscillatory motion, their diameters and number of double strokes per minute. While using the given machine-tool for machining process an operating force is directed along normal to the working surface and due to this there is a possibility to accelerate a shape-formation process of optical parts that leads to reduction of local errors on their executive surfaces. The paper considers a structure of the executive machine-tool mechanism which transfers translational motion to the tools and consists of rotational and rectilinear kinematic pairs forming a four-bar linkage and its crank is a guide link. A turning angle of the link is selected as a generalized coordinate of the executive mechanism. A relationship between the generalized coordinates and link positions of the executive machine-tool mechanism has been established in the paper and it permits to obtain analytical dependence between motions of input and output mechanism links with due account of its kinematic transfer function which represents in itself a ratio of angular output link speed to an angular velocity of the input link. An analysis of geometric parameters for backward-rotational motion of the top link in the proposed machine-tool has made it possible to obtain an expression to calculate a rod length of the executive mechanism which ensures symmetrical center position of the above-mentioned link relative to a symmetry axis of the bottom link. As an amplitude value of oscillatory motion for an out-put link in the executive mechanism is regulated in the machine-tool for two-sided lens machining while changing length of its input link (crank) an analytical relationship has been established between these geometric parameters and the rela- tionship provides a possibility purposefully to change a machining intensity in the central or edge zone of a part according to technological blank heredity in the context of allowance which is to be removed and which is distributed along its surface. Описана функциональная схема станка для одновременной абразивной обработки линз с пологими высоко- точными исполнительными поверхностями, позволяющего гибко и в широких пределах управлять процессом формо- образования посредством изменения таких наладочных параметров, как частота вращения инструментов и заготовки, величина амплитуды колебательных движений инструментов, их диаметров и количество двойных ходов в минуту. В процессе обработки на данном станке рабочее усилие направлено по нормали к обрабатываемой поверхности, в результате чего представляется возможным ускорить процесс формообразования оптических деталей, что способ- ствует уменьшению локальных погрешностей на их исполнительных поверхностях. Рассмотрена структура исполни- тельного механизма станка, сообщающего переносное движение инструментам, состоящего из вращательных и по- ступательных кинематических пар, образующих шарнирный четырехзвенник, кривошип которого является веду- щим звеном. Угол поворота этого звена выбран в качестве обобщенной координаты исполнительного механизма. Установлена связь между обобщенной координатой и положениями звеньев исполнительного механизма станка, поз- волившая получить аналитическую зависимость между движениями входного и выходного звеньев механизма с уче- том его кинематической передаточной функции, представляющей собой отношение угловой скорости выходного звена к угловой скорости входного. На основе анализа геометрических параметров возвратно-вращательного движе- ния верхнего звена предложенного станка получено выражение для расчета длины шатуна исполнительного меха- низма, которая обеспечивает симметричное положение центра упомянутого звена относительно оси симметрии ниж- него звена. Поскольку в станке для двусторонней обработки линз величина амплитуды колебательного движения выходного звена исполнительного механизма регулируется посредством изменения длины его входного звена (кри- вошипа), установлена аналитическая связь между этими геометрическими параметрами, дающая возможность целе- направленно изменять интенсивность обработки в центральной или краевой зоне детали в зависимости от технологи- ческой наследственности заготовки с точки зрения распределения по ее поверхности подлежащего съему припуска.

Design and Evaluation of a New Boundary-Layer Rake for Flight Testing

A new boundary-layer rake has been designed and built for flight testing on the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center F-15B/Flight Test Fixture. A feature unique to this rake is its curved body, which allows pitot tubes to be more densely clustered in the near-wall region than conventional rakes allow. This curved rake design has a complex three-dimensional shape that requires innovative solid-modeling and machining techniques. Finite-element stress analysis of the new design shows high factors of safety. The rake has passed a ground test in which random vibration measuring 12 g rms was applied for 20 min in each of the three normal directions. Aerodynamic evaluation of the rake has been conducted in the NASA Glenn Research Center 8 x 6 Supersonic Wind Tunnel at Mach 0-2. The pitot pressures from the new rake agree with conventional rake data over the range of Mach numbers tested. The boundary-layer profiles computed from the rake data have been shown to have the standard logarithmic-law profile. Skin friction values computed from the rake data using the Clauser plot method agree with the Preston tube results and the van Driest II compressible skin friction correlation to approximately +/-5 percent

MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR PROCESSING OF OPTICAL PARTS

The paper describes a functional scheme of a machine-tool for simultaneous abrasive machining of lenses with shallow high-accuracy executive surface. The machine-tools permits flexibly and within long range to control shape-formation process through changing such adjustment parameters as tool and rough workpiece frequency rotation, amplitude value of tool oscillatory motion, their diameters and number of double strokes per minute. While using the given machine-tool for machining process an operating force is directed along normal to the working surface and due to this there is a possibility to accelerate a shape-formation process of optical parts that leads to reduction of local errors on their executive surfaces. The paper considers a structure of the executive machine-tool mechanism which transfers translational motion to the tools and consists of rotational and rectilinear kinematic pairs forming a four-bar linkage and its crank is a guide link. A turning angle of the link is selected as a generalized coordinate of the executive mechanism. A relationship between the generalized coordinates and link positions of the executive machine-tool mechanism has been established in the paper and it permits to obtain analytical dependence between motions of input and output mechanism links with due account of its kinematic transfer function which represents in itself a ratio of angular output link speed to an angular velocity of the input link. An analysis of geometric parameters for backward-rotational motion of the top link in the proposed machine-tool has made it possible to obtain an expression to calculate a rod length of the executive mechanism which ensures symmetrical center position of the above-mentioned link relative to a symmetry axis of the bottom link. As an amplitude value of oscillatory motion for an out-put link in the executive mechanism is regulated in the machine-tool for two-sided lens machining while changing length of its input link (crank) an analytical relationship has been established between these geometric parameters and the rela- tionship provides a possibility purposefully to change a machining intensity in the central or edge zone of a part according to technological blank heredity in the context of allowance which is to be removed and which is distributed along its surface

Heat Shock Alters the Proteomic Profile of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells

The aim of this research was to determine the impact of heat stress on cell differentiation in an equine mesenchymal stem cell model (EMSC) through the application of heat stress to primary EMSCs as they progressed through the cell specialization process. A proteomic analysis was performed using mass spectrometry to compare relative protein abundances among the proteomes of three cell types: progenitor EMSCs and differentiated osteoblasts and adipocytes, maintained at 37 °C and 42 °C during the process of cell differentiation. A cell-type and temperature-specific response to heat stress was observed, and many of the specific differentially expressed proteins were involved in cell-signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt signaling, which are known to regulate cellular development. Furthermore, cytoskeletal proteins profilin, DSTN, SPECC1, and DAAM2 showed increased protein levels in osteoblasts differentiated at 42 °C as compared with 37 °C, and these cells, while they appeared to accumulate calcium, did not organize into a whorl agglomerate as is typically seen at physiological temperatures. This altered proteome composition observed suggests that heat stress could have long-term impacts on cellular development. We propose that this in vitro stem cell culture model of cell differentiation is useful for investigating molecular mechanisms that impact cell development in response to stressors