Corpora as open educational resources for language teaching

Corpora, large electronic collections of texts, have been used in language teaching for several decades. Also known as Data‐Driven Learning (DDL), this method has been gaining popularity because empirical research has consistently shown its effectiveness for learning. However, corpora are still underutilized, especially with learners of languages other than English, at lower proficiency levels, and in non‐university contexts. This is regrettable because DDL has a great potential for developing modular flipped content, especially for hybrid, remote, and online courses. This article first provides an overview of DDL applications and findings of empirical research. Next, it outlines obstacles to wider DDL implementation as well as available and possible solutions. Corpus user guides and exercise collections tied to specific corpora are discussed as one promising direction, and an example of such new open educational resources for teaching German is presented. The article concludes with a discussion of implications and future directions

Prospects of implementing integrated information systems in the preferential drug provision of patients with copd on the territory of Sverdlovsk region

Analysis of prospects of implementation and functionality of information systems in preferential drug provision, a review of the regulatory framework in the system of preferential provision of medicines.Анализ перспективы внедрения и функциональных возможностей информационных систем в льготном лекарственном обеспечении, обзор нормативной базы в системе льготного лекарственного обеспечения

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ДООПЕРАЦИОННОМ СТАДИРОВАНИИ ДИССЕМИНИРОВАННОГО РАКА ЯИЧНИКОВ

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of the optimized ultrasound technique with the use of additional methods (change in the patient’s body position, forced type of breath and abdominal scanning with high-frequency probes) for assessing the preoperative staging in 47 patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer. It was shown that the optimized ultrasound technique, especially in cases with low-volume ascites, allowed improvement in preoperative staging of ovarian cancer, with sensitivity of 87%. Проведена сравнительная оценка эффективности разработанной оптимизированной методики УЗИ с применением дополнительных приёмов (с переменой положения тела пациентки, с форсированным типом дыхания и сканированием брюшной полости линейным датчиком высоких частот) в оценке дооперационного стадирования у 47 больных с первичным диагнозом эпителиального рака яичников. Показано, что оптимизированная методика УЗИ, особенно при минимальном количестве асцитической жидкости, позволяет с чувствительностью метода 87 % повысить эффективность дооперационного стадирования рака яичнико

Assessment of Seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in Various Population Cohorts Using Logit Regression Models During Initial Period of Herd Immunity Formation

The aim of the study was to assess the dynamics of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in various population groups during the initial period of herd immunity formation based on multivariate analysis using logit regression models.Materials and methods. The study involved 1561 individuals divided into three population cohorts: people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA), healthy blood donors, medical workers. The presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was determined in blood serum through ELISA using commercial reagent kits. Multivariate analysis of the dynamics of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 was carried out using logistic regression models.Results and discussion. It has been revealed that probability of detecting IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 significantly increased among the donors and medical workers in the spring-autumn 2020 series (p=0.005 и p<0.001, respectively), which corresponds to seroprevalence shift in the general population. Groups of donors and medical workers can be considered as indicator groups that characterize the herd immunity in reference to SARS-CoV-2, as well as the intensity of COVID-19 epidemic process. Seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in PLHA group was at a consistently high level throughout the observation period. The generated logistic regression models made it possible to determine the trends in the development of the epidemic situation based on multifactorial analysis of the dynamics of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2

Selective Decrease of Components of the Creatine Kinase System and ATP Synthase Complex in Chronic Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy

Chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) affects millions in endemic areas and is presenting in growing numbers in the USA and European countries due to migration currents. Clinical progression, length of survival and overall prognosis are significantly worse in CCC patients when compared to patients with dilated cardiomyopathy of non-inflammatory etiology. Impairment of energy metabolism seems to play a role in heart failure due to cardiomyopathies. Herein, we have analyzed energy metabolism enzymes in myocardium samples of CCC patients comparing to other non-inflammatory cardiomyopathies. We found that myocardial tissue from CCC patients displays a significant reduction of both myocardial protein levels of ATP synthase alpha and creatine kinase enzyme activity, in comparison to control heart samples, as well as idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Our results suggest that CCC myocardium displays a selective energetic deficit, which may play a role in the reduced heart function observed in such patients

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION IN PREOPERATIVE STAGING OF DISSEMINATED OVARIAN CANCER

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of the optimized ultrasound technique with the use of additional methods (change in the patient’s body position, forced type of breath and abdominal scanning with high-frequency probes) for assessing the preoperative staging in 47 patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer. It was shown that the optimized ultrasound technique, especially in cases with low-volume ascites, allowed improvement in preoperative staging of ovarian cancer, with sensitivity of 87%

RISKS OF BECOMING INFECTED WITH SARS-COV-2 FOR MEDICAL PERSONNEL IN A LARGE INDUSTRIAL CITY DURING THE PANDEMIC: COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced its effects on functioning of all the state institutions, the public healthcare sys-tem being a peculiar one among them. Medical personnel have become an unprotected population group that was actively involved into the epidemic process. Results produced by several studies indicate that relative risks to become infected with COVID-19 are by up to 11.6 times higher for medical personnel than in population at large. A share of medical personnel among patients with COVID-19 varies in different countries, from 4.2 % in China to 17.8 % in the USA. According to official statistics, in 2020 a share of medical personnel who became infected with COVID-19 in in-hospital foci amounted to 68.6 % in the RF regions located in the Urals and Siberian Federal Districts. High epidemic potential of the virus and intensive mass contacts between medical personnel and their patients make for rapid SARS-CoV-2 spread and infection among them. It is vital to examine all the range of risk factors that cause SARS-CoV-2 infection among medical personnel. The present study involved using “The map of epidemiological investigation focused on the incidence of the new coronavirus in-fection (COVID-19) in medical personnel”. The map was located on Google Cloud Platform. Overall, 613 medical workers from dif-ferent medical organizations took part in the research. We applied sociological, epidemiological and statistical research techniques. We established that work in an infectious diseases hospital increased a relative risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 1.8 times (RR = 1.78; 95 % CI [1.65–1.93]). The total risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was insignificant for workers employed at a medical organization that provided scheduled medical assistance to population (RR = 1.02; 95 % CI [1.00–1.04]). However, certain factors created elevated risks of infection. Any contacts with COVID-19 patients who were close relatives, friends or neighbors were established to be significant (RR = 1.13; 95 % CI [1.04–1.228]). The research results should be used when organizing work procedures and anti-epidemic activities in infectious diseases hospi-tals and medical organizations providing scheduled assistance to population. The focus should be on providing medical personnel with personal protective equipment as well as on calculating relevant duration of a work shift relying on the risk-based approach. © Smirnova S.S., Egorov I.А., Zhuikov N.N., Vyatkina L.G., Kharitonov А.N., Semenov А.V., Morova О.V., 202