14,006 research outputs found
CoA protects against the deleterious effects of caloric overload in Drosophila
We developed a Drosophila model of T2D in which high sugar (HS) feeding leads to insulin resistance. In this model, adipose TG storage is protective against fatty acid toxicity and diabetes. Initial biochemical and gene expression studies suggested that deficiency in CoA might underlie reduced TG synthesis in animals during chronic HS feeding. Focusing on the Drosophila fat body (FB), which is specialized for TG storage and lipolysis, we undertook a series of experiments to test the hypothesis that CoA could protect against the deleterious effects of caloric overload. Quantitative metabolomics revealed a reduction in substrate availability for CoA synthesis in the face of an HS diet. Further reducing CoA synthetic capacity by expressing FB-specific RNAi targeting pantothenate kinase (PK orfumble) or phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthase (PPCS) exacerbated HS-diet-induced accumulation of FFAs. Dietary supplementation with pantothenic acid (vitamin B5, a precursor of CoA) was able to ameliorate HS-diet-induced FFA accumulation and hyperglycemia while increasing TG synthesis. Taken together, our data support a model where free CoA is required to support fatty acid esterification and to protect against the toxicity of HS diets
Time Reversal Mirror and Perfect Inverse Filter in a Microscopic Model for Sound Propagation
Time reversal of quantum dynamics can be achieved by a global change of the
Hamiltonian sign (a hasty Loschmidt daemon), as in the Loschmidt Echo
experiments in NMR, or by a local but persistent procedure (a stubborn daemon)
as in the Time Reversal Mirror (TRM) used in ultrasound acoustics. While the
first is limited by chaos and disorder, the last procedure seems to benefit
from it. As a first step to quantify such stability we develop a procedure, the
Perfect Inverse Filter (PIF), that accounts for memory effects, and we apply it
to a system of coupled oscillators. In order to ensure a many-body dynamics
numerically intrinsically reversible, we develop an algorithm, the pair
partitioning, based on the Trotter strategy used for quantum dynamics. We
analyze situations where the PIF gives substantial improvements over the TRM.Comment: Submitted to Physica
Development of digital computer program for thermal network correction. Phase 2 - Program development. Phase 3 - Demonstration/application Final report
Developing digital computer program for correcting soft parameters of thermal network by Kalman filtering metho
In vivo laser Doppler holography of the human retina
The eye offers a unique opportunity for non-invasive exploration of
cardiovascular diseases. Optical angiography in the retina requires sensitive
measurements, which hinders conventional full-field laser Doppler imaging
schemes. To overcome this limitation, we used digital holography to perform
laser Doppler perfusion imaging of the human retina in vivo with near-infrared
light. Wideband measurements of the beat frequency spectrum of optical
interferograms recorded with a 39 kHz CMOS camera are analyzed by short-time
Fourier transformation. Power Doppler images and movies drawn from the zeroth
moment of the power spectrum density reveal blood flows in retinal and
choroidal vessels over 512 512 pixels covering 2.4 2.4 mm
on the retina with a 13 ms temporal resolution.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
The Current Status of Faculty Development Internationally
Excerpt: One of the valuable and exciting changes that have occurred in higher education in the last few decades is the steady growth in faculty development programs internationally. From the first programs that were established in the mid-part of the 20th century, there are now several countries where essentially all colleges and universities have such programs...
An intelligent tutoring system for the investigation of high performance skill acquisition
The issue of training high performance skills is of increasing concern. These skills include tasks such as driving a car, playing the piano, and flying an aircraft. Traditionally, the training of high performance skills has been accomplished through the use of expensive, high-fidelity, 3-D simulators, and/or on-the-job training using the actual equipment. Such an approach to training is quite expensive. The design, implementation, and deployment of an intelligent tutoring system developed for the purpose of studying the effectiveness of skill acquisition using lower-cost, lower-physical-fidelity, 2-D simulation. Preliminary experimental results are quite encouraging, indicating that intelligent tutoring systems are a cost-effective means of training high performance skills
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