Temperature, composition and age of the Kara Sea Shelf sediments in the area of the Marre-Sale Geocryological Station

The paper presents results of the study of the uppermost 20 m-thick layer of the near-Yamal shelf bottom sediments, penetrated in May 2014 by two VSEGINGEO boreholes equipped with LРС loggers, with an aim of the temperature regime dynamics monitoring in the nearshore bottom sediments, both for the research purposes and in as much as the data add value to the forthcoming hydrocarbon resource development on the Russian continental shelf. On the basis of the temperature variation observations during three summer months of 2014, it has been established that marine silty clays and aleurites composing the bottom sediment section, represent relict frozen deposits subjected to cryogenic metamorphism in the subaerial exposure environment. Diatom assemblages occurring in aleurite and clayey deposits consist exclusively of the marine extinct species typical of the Early Eocene Pyxilla gracilis diatom zone. A modern marine sublittoral diatom assemblage is found inhabiting the sands of the upper part of the onshore borehole section

Economic and mathematical modeling of regional industrial processes

The paper presents a method for the parallel optimization of the structure of sown areas for calculating economic and mathematical models for the traditional and organic-oriented land use systems characterized by the introduction of an additional set of environmental criteria constraints. Based on the proposed methodology, an economic-mathematical model has been calculated and the effectiveness of the functioning of the Altai Foothills zonal agroecocluster has been proved. Considering the full involvement in the agricultural production turnover of land suitable to produce organic products, the level of profitability was 39.7% against 17.3% in case of optimizing the structure of the sown areas in the traditional system of agricultural production.peer-reviewe

Economic and mathematical modeling of regional industrial processes

© 2018 International Strategic Management Association. All rights reserved. The paper presents a method for the parallel optimization of the structure of sown areas for calculating economic and mathematical models for the traditional and organic-oriented land use systems characterized by the introduction of an additional set of environmental criteria constraints. Based on the proposed methodology, an economic-mathematical model has been calculated and the effectiveness of the functioning of the Altai Foothills zonal agroecocluster has been proved. Considering the full involvement in the agricultural production turnover of land suitable to produce organic products, the level of profitability was 39.7% against 17.3% in case of optimizing the structure of the sown areas in the traditional system of agricultural production

ЛИЦА ИНОСТРАННОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ В РОССИИ: СКОЛЬКО ИХ И КТО ОНИ?

After the collapse of the Soviet Union there was a significant increase in the foreign-born population in Russia due to outflow of the working-age population from the territory of former Soviet Republics. This group includes persons who live in Russia, but were born outside the territory of the country, i.e. in the Post-Soviet states. The aim of this study is to determine the share of foreign-born individuals in Russia and to outline their socio-demographic characteristics using The Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey - Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) in 2009-2012. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of socio-demographic characteristics of foreign-born individuals in Russia and persons of foreign descent in other countries as well as native-born (local) population. Analysis results demonstrated that compared to other countries in Russia there are fewer foreign-born individuals, majority of whom are aged 15 to 64 and came from Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Socio-demographic characteristics of foreign-born individuals residing in the Russian Federation and representatives of the corresponding group living in other countries vary widely. The results of this research show that the foreign-born from the former republics of the Soviet Union as a group are younger and include more males than the native population. There are more married couples among them, but fewer families with children. They contain fewer persons with higher education, but more persons with completed high school and professional education than the natives.После распада Советского Союза иммиграция в Россию значительно возросла за счет перемещения трудоспособного населения с постсоветского пространства. В результате численность лиц иностранного происхождения в стране увеличилась. Представители данной группы родились за пределами России - в республиках бывшего Советского Союза, но в настоящее время проживают на ее территории. Цель данного исследования - определить границы группы лиц иностранного происхождения в России и описать их социально-демографические характеристики, используя данные «Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ» (РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ) за 2009-2012 гг. Авторы провели сравнительный анализ социально-демографических характеристик лиц иностранного происхождения, проживающих в России, и лиц иностранного происхождения в других странах, а также коренного населения России.Результаты анализа показали, что численность лиц иностранного происхождения в России меньше, чем в других странах. Большинство из них - выходцы из Украины, Казахстана и Узбекистана в возрасте от 15 до 64 лет. Социально-демографические характеристики группы лиц иностранного происхождения, проживающих в Российской Федерации, и представителей аналогичной группы, проживающих в других странах, различаются между собой. Было также установлено, что лица иностранного происхождения в России моложе ее коренного населения, и среди них больше мужчин. Они чаще вступают в брак, но у них реже рождаются дети по сравнению с коренными жителями. Среди них меньше лиц с высшим образованием и гораздо больше лиц, имеющих средний и более низкий уровень образования по сравнению с коренным занятым населением

Clinical significance of collchicine in pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular pathology in patients with hyperuricemia in rheumatic diseases

For a long time, there has been scientific debate about the appropriateness of prescribing drugs to lower the level of uric acid in patients without clinical manifestations of gout. Long-term hyperuricemia is known to be the cause of gout and gouty arthritis. However, an increased level of uric acid is often found in a number of other diseases (metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, psoriasis). Clinical evidence suggests that uric acid-lowering therapy slows the progression of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. And, if in rheumatological practice this issue still remains a subject of discussion, then the cardiological community by 2019 has clearly defined the indications for starting urate-lowering therapy. The Consensus on the Management of Patients with Hyperuricemia and High Cardiovascular Risk strongly recommends that the practitioner prescribe drugs to control hyperuricemia in hypertensive patients. The need to control the level of uric acid is reflected in the relevant sections of the Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Arterial Hypertension, 2020. This article provides a review of the literature on the etiology, pathophysiology, pharmacotherapy of hyperuricemia in patients with cardiovascular and rheumatic diseases. A separate section is devoted to scientific studies of the effects of colchicine in advanced therapy for CVD and RD. A clinical case of observation of a patient with newly diagnosed psoriatic arthritis, hyperuricemia, high cardiovascular risk is presented. The peculiarity of this clinical case is the onset of the disease after orthopedic surgery on the knee joints, high comorbidity and poor tolerance of standard basic therapy. The use of colchicine stabilized the patient’s condition. Thus, in clinical practice, it is necessary to take into account the role of hyperuricemia in the pathogenesis of inflammation in cardiovascular pathology. Colchicine may be the drug of choice for patients with hyperuricemia at high cardiovascular risk

Modern facilities of pharmacological correction of hyperuricemia in rheumatic diseases: management of difficult clinical cases

The article presents clinical cases of management of patients with low compliance with treatment, suffering from rheumatic diseases and disorders of purine metabolism.Cases report 1. The first patient with advanced gout, after taking 100 mg of allopurinol, developed undesirable effects: sore throat, change in voice, cough, and therefore treatment was discontinued. After six months without therapy, the condition worsened and, in self-medication, the patient resumed taking allopurinol at a dose of 300 mg per day, which, as expected, resulted in a resumption of the allergic reaction and a serious exacerbation of gouty arthritis. In order to stop continuous relapses of arthritis, it became necessary to prescribe glucocorticoids. After stabilization of the state, constant administration of febucostat with positive clinical and laboratory dynamics was recommended.Cases report 2. The second patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed analgesic nephropathy, secondary hyperuricemia, and typical gouty attacks in the background of high activity of the underlying disease, existing kidney pathology and inappropriate use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Frequent exacerbations of arthritis prompted the patient to finally see a rheumatologist. The adjusted therapy made it possible to reduce RA activity, reach the recommended level of uric acid, and reduce the drug load on the kidneys with almost complete withdrawal of NSAIDs. Thus, in modern conditions, rheumatologists have in reserve all the necessary means for the pharmacological correction of hyperuricemia, even in difficult clinical cases. Febucostat is the drug of choice for correcting uric acid levels in case of intolerance to allopurinol, as well as in the development of secondary gout against the background of renal failure. In addition, it should be noted that the effectiveness of the treatment of rheumatic diseases largely depends on the patient’s compliance. To increase adherence to therapy, regular patient schools are recommended

Risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Aim of the study was to investigate risk factors for osteoporosis (OP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Material and methods. We observed 110 patients with a verified diagnosis of RA. RA was diagnosed based on the 2010 EULAR/ACR clinical classification. All patients with RA were divided into 2 groups: with ОP (53 patients) and without ОP signs (57 patients). Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray densitometry (DEXA), the diagnosis was made on the basis of WHO recommendations. All patients underwent a standard clinical and laboratory examination, in addition the following parameters were studied: 25-OH vitamin D, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1), N-terminal propeptide of procollagen I (P1NP) content in the blood, the ratio of calcium to urine creatinine. Results. We found a statistically significant relationship between the presence of ОP and the following clinical signs: patient weight (р = 0.014), duration of RA course (р = 0.024), and the presence of erosive changes (р = 0.014). In addition, a relationship was found between the presence of OP and lower BMD in the Ward area (Ward) and the greater trochanter area (Troch) (р < 0.0001). It was also shown that taking glucocorticosteroid drugs for more than 3 months significantly increases the risk of developing ОP (р < 0.0001). Conclusions. Identification of risk groups for patients at risk for the development of OP is of great practical importance. The factors given in the article can be adjusted towards normalization in order to reduce the degree of possible risk, which is quite feasible in practice

Body composition and serum fetuin-A levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Background. Rheumatoid cachexia is a pathological condition which appears in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with low fat-free mass and normal or high body mass index. Bone mass loss is one of the components of rheumatoid cachexia. Fetuin-A, a major noncollagen protein of bone tissue, regulates bone remodeling. Aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of rheumatoid cachexia and the association of serum fetuin-A level with body composition components in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Material and methods. 110 patients (8 male and 102 female) with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in our study. Serum fetuin-A level was determined by ELISA. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with Total Body program was performed. The diagnosis of rheumatoid cachexia was based on the next criteria: fat-free mass index less than 10th percentiles with fat mass index above 25th percentiles. Results and discussion. We observed rheumatoid cachexia in 25 patients (22,7 %). According to the literature, such patients have an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension and mortality. Positive significant (p < 0,05) correlations were observed between serum fetuin-A levels and right and left lower limb, trunk, gynoid region, both lower limbs and total body bone mass. No statistically significant relationships with other indicators were identified. Fetuin-A negative dynamic in patients with rheumatoid arthritis may be accompanied by the loss of bone mass, which requires the improvement of therapeutic approach. Conclusions. Almost a quarter of patients with rheumatoid arthritis have rheumatic cachexia. Positive correlation between serum fetuin-A levels and lower limbs, trunk, gynoid region and total body bone mass was observed

Novel GLIS3 mutation in patient with neonatal diabetes mellitus and congenital hypothyroidism (NDH-syndrome)

Mutations in the GLIS3 gene encoding the GLIS3 transcription factor are cause of a rare syndromic form of neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) with congenital hypothyroidism. Additional features include congenital glaucoma, hepatic fibrosis, polycystic kidneys, developmental delay and other anomalies. This disease in foreign literature is called NDH-syndrome (Neonatal diabetes and Hypothyroidism syndrome).We present the description of a patient with this syndrome with novel homozygous GLIS3 mutation.Our patient is a female, who was born with a weight of 1680 gr, length of 44 cm to consanguineous parents. She developed diabetes on 2 day after birth, requiring continuous intravenous insulin. On day 5 of life hypothyroidism was identified. ­Thyroid anatomy was normal on ultrasound scan. NDH syndrome was suspected.Genetic analysis revealed a novel homozygous mutation c.1836delT, p.Ser612ArgfsTer33 in exon 5 in GLIS3 gene.To date, the patient is followed up for 4 years in total. Currently, growth retardation, psychomotor and speech development persist. Carbohydrate metabolism and thyroid profile has been subcompensated against the background of replacement therapy. No other components of the syndrome have been identified.In this report, we have demonstrated the features of the neonatal diabetes mellitus in a patient with a defect in the GLIS3 gene. Early genetic verification of the diagnosis contributes to the timely starting of personalized therapy, can improve the quality of life of such patients, and, given the nature of inheritance, is necessary for medical genetic counseling of the family