A V2G Integrated Battery Charger Based on an Open End Winding Multilevel Configuration

A new approach to obtain an integrated battery charger is described in this paper, based on the Asymmetrical Hybrid Multilevel Converter topology. Such a particular open-end winding motor configuration, which has proved to be more efficient than conventional inverter topologies in EV motor drive applications, can be turned in an on-board battery charger only by acting on the control system. Thus, no circuit reconfiguration through electro-mechanical switches is required. Moreover, by introducing a single extra power switch, a bilateral power flow can be managed enabling vehicle to grid operations. The obtained integrated battery charger can be supplied either by a standard ac single-phase grid, either by a dc power source for direct connection to domestic energy resources. The proposed approach enables a new remarkable function to the asymmetrical hybrid multilevel converter at a marginal extra cost, thus mitigating the larger complexity and cost of such an inverter if compared with conventional topologies

LGBTQ parenting post heterosexual relationship dissolution

The chapter examines parenting among sexual and gender minorities post heterosexual relationship dissolution (PHRD). Reviewing the literature around intersecting identities of LGBTQ parents, we consider how religion, race, and socioeconomic status are associated with routes into and out of heterosexual relationships and variation in the lived experience of sexual and gender identity minorities, in particular how LGBTQ parents PHRD feel about being out. Further consideration is given to examining how family relationships change and develop as parental sexual and/or gender identity changes. We also explore the impact of PHRD identity and parenthood on new partnerships and stepfamily experiences. The chapter addresses the reciprocal relationship between research on LGBTQ parenting and policy and legal influences that impact upon the experience of LGBTQ parenting PHRD when custody and access are disputed. Finally, the chapter includes future research directions and implications for practice in an area that has been revitalized in recent years

Performances analysis of non-model-based speed estimation algorithms for motor drives

This paper investigates the performances of speed-controlled motor drives using non-model-based speed estimation algorithms. A suitable modelling of the speed estimation algorithms combined to the analytical representation of the instantaneous quantized speed of finite resolution position sensors are exploited to evaluate the filtering action of the estimation algorithms, and the stability and rejection to torque disturbances of speed-controlled drives at low rotational speeds; the last operating condition is very critical for motor drives, especially for that using low resolution position sensors. In this study, the theoretical analysis is experimentally validated on a 2kW PMSM drive

A new method to select rotor position sensor resolution in variable speed drives

The aim of this research is to present a new method for the selection of position sensor resolution in variable speed drives. The proposed approach links the minimum sensor resolution Nds to the required drive performances, expressed in terms of desired quantization speed harmonics attenuation and speed control loop bandwidth, both defined at the minimum requested operating speed. Although the selection of rotor position sensor resolution is presented for a vector tracking observer, this approach is general and can be used in conjunction with the operating point model of any speed estimation algorithm. Simulations and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method

Selection of rotor position sensor resolution for variable frequency drives utilizing fixed-position-based speed estimation

The aim of this paper is to provide a simple and effective tool to determine the minimum resolution required from a rotor position sensor for variable frequency drives using fixed-position-based speed estimation. It is shown that it is possible to determine the minimum resolution based on the required bandwidth and phase margin of the speed control at the lowest operating speed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is then verified by means of dynamic stiffness analysis, performed in simulations and experimentally on a 3.6kW permanent magnet motor drive

Indoor and outdoor education: The role of body representations on sport practice

Background: Body representation is a complex process determined by the interaction of information coming from many different stimuli inside and outside the body and is a fundamental construct that reflects our knowledge of self. However, the way in which we perceive our bodies and how the body is represented in the brain during development, particularly during outdoor or indoor physical activity, is not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to examine the development of different body representations (i.e., body semantics, body structural representation, and body schema) in school-aged children who practice indoor or outdoor sports. The role of motor coordination was considered as well. Methods:One hundred twelve school aged-children (age range: 8-10 years) completed a computerized battery that included three tasks, the Hand Laterality Task (HLT), Object-Body-Part Association (OBP), and Frontal Body Evocation task(FBE)involving body representation processing as well as control tasks. These control tasks included the Object Laterality Task (OLT), the Christmas Tree Task (CTT), and the Object-Room Association Task (ORT).Theparticipants also performed a foot-tapping performance test (FTap). Results: The effect of indoor or outdoor physical activity on body representations and the associations between age,performance on body representation tasks, and performance on the FTap were all analyzed.When we compared the performance of the two groups on the different body representation and control tasks, we found significant differences only on the FBE, whereas the outdoor physical activity group showed a better performance than the indoor physical activity group. Among the outdoor athletes, significant correlations were foundbetween age and errors made in the FTap, but there were no significant associations between the FTap and the body representation measures. Instead, in the indoor physical activity group, we found significant correlations between the FTap measures and body representation tasks. Discussion: Participants engaging in outdoor physical activities (i.e., soccer, baseball, tennis, cross-country) had better performance on the task assessing the body structural representation (FBE), suggesting that in addition to a significant improvement of physical and mental wellbeing, outdoor physical activity significantly improves the visuo-spatial body map during development.Conclusion:In conclusion,for the first time, we have demonstrated that in school-aged children outdoor physical activity as compared toindoor physical activity improves the structural body representation. These findings are discussed for a better understanding of body representation development and physical activity in indoor and outdoor environments.Also, considering the possible impact of body processing on cognition, this data is discussed in the light of the role of the practice of sportin the educational context

Law and LGBQ-Parent Families

This paper addresses how the law affects LGBQ-parent families. We first outline the legal landscape that LGBQ parents face in the US, underscoring that it varies drastically by state and creates inequity for families. Reviewing existing social science research, we then address how the law affects three processes for LGBQ people: desiring parenthood, becoming a parent, and experiencing parent- hood. Our review indicates that the law affects if and how LGBQ people become parents. LGBQ people consider the law as they make decisions about whether to pursue adoption, donor insemination, or surrogacy and often view the latter two pathways as the most legally secure. Further, the law continues to be salient for LGBQ parents throughout parenthood and affects family well-being. Specifically, legal inequity diminishes parent’s well-being, the relationship among couples who are parenting, and parents’ ability to effectively advocate for their children in institutional settings like healthcare contexts. Finally, we address directions for future research for scholars interested in the law, family processes and outcomes, and LGBQ families