3,475 research outputs found
A Search for Companions to Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus and Chamaeleon Star Forming Regions
We present the results of a search for companions to young brown dwarfs in
the Taurus and Chamaeleon I star forming regions (1/2-3 Myr). We have used
WFPC2 on board HST to obtain F791W and F850LP images of 47 members of these
regions that have spectral types of M6-L0 (0.01-0.1 Msun). An additional
late-type member of Taurus, FU Tau (M7.25+M9.25), was also observed with
adaptive optics at Keck Observatory. We have applied PSF subtraction to the
primaries and have searched the resulting images for objects that have colors
and magnitudes that are indicative of young low-mass objects. Through this
process, we have identified promising candidate companions to 2MASS
J04414489+2301513 (rho=0.105"/15 AU), 2MASS J04221332+1934392 (rho=0.05"/7 AU),
and ISO 217 (rho=0.03"/5 AU). We reported the discovery of the first candidate
in a previous study, showing that it has a similar proper motion as the primary
through a comparison of astrometry measured with WFPC2 and Gemini adaptive
optics. We have collected an additional epoch of data with Gemini that further
supports that result. By combining our survey with previous high-resolution
imaging in Taurus, Chamaeleon, and Upper Sco (10 Myr), we measure binary
fractions of 14/93 = 0.15+0.05/-0.03 for M4-M6 (0.1-0.3 Msun) and 4/108 =
0.04+0.03/-0.01 for >M6 (10 AU. Given the youth
and low density of these three regions, the lower binary fraction at later
types is probably primordial rather than due to dynamical interactions among
association members. The widest low-mass binaries (>100 AU) also appear to be
more common in Taurus and Chamaeleon than in the field, which suggests that the
widest low-mass binaries are disrupted by dynamical interactions at >10 Myr, or
that field brown dwarfs have been born predominantly in denser clusters where
wide systems are disrupted or inhibited from forming.Comment: Astrophysical Journal, in pres
BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL INVESТIGAТIONS ON IRRADIATED WIТH ULTRAVIOLET RАYS AND INFECTED WIТH GRIPPE VIRUS СНIСК EMBRYOS
The study of biochemical and morphological changes occurring under the combined effect (interaction) of vira and macroorganisms is an important рrоblem in virology. Biochemical investigations have been reported in literature under various aspects. Thus Voluiskaya investigates the sugar in the pulmonary tissue of infected with grippe virus (GV) mice and finds out 20-50 % increase of sugar as compared to control animals. Tovarnitzki studies the biochemical alterations in experimentally produced grippe infection of white mice and comes to the conclusion that the pathological process in grippe conditions is generalized and involves а number of visceral organs and the central nervous system. Knight investigates the aminoacid content of the allantoic fluid (AF) in chick embryos (СЕ), not contaminated and contaminated with grippe virus. Killborne and Horsfall established аn increased protein content in the AF of the СЕ, infected with GV. Lutikova finds out an increase of the total nitrogen аnd phosphorus in the chorioallantoic membranes of СЕ, infected with GV. Panayotov studies in СЕ substrates, injected with different vira, the following indices: Ph, aminoacid content, рrеsеnсе of RNA аnd DNA, phosphatese activity, aldolasc, pyrophosphatase etc. The effect of ultraviolet rays (UVR) оn the GV has bееn investigated bу numerous authors. Thus Wells and Brown carry out follow-up studies on the effect of UVR upon aerosol of GV.Salk and associates (cited bу Levin - 20) investigates the action of the UVR on the virulence of the GV.Vaskhov, Rosiisky аnd Smorodintzev study the influence of UVR оn the pulmonary suspension, containing GV. Ermeev and Chalkina study the effect of UVR on purified GV, type А. Zakastelskaia proves the infectious аnd toxic action of the allantoic fluid containing GV. Manolova studies the effect of UVR оn purified and nоn purified grippe vira В, А and А-1. Rappoport, Dyhno and assoc., Panayotov and assoc., аnd Sfoyanov follow the morphological changes in СЕ treated with microorganisms.In the pertinent literature surveyed nо informations were found concerning the effect of UVR оn the СЕ infected with GV; hеnсе the study of the biochemical indices аnd pathohistological alterations in СЕ irradiated with UVR and infected with GV is of utmost interest.The purpose of the present work is determination of the biochemical characteristics, the presence of hemagglutination activity for the GV аnd the morphological alterations in the AF of the СЕ infected with GV
Dicke Coherent Narrowing in Two-Photon and Raman Spectroscopy of Thin Vapour Cells
The principle of coherent Dicke narrowing in a thin vapour cell, in which
sub-Doppler spectral lineshapes are observed under a normal irradiation for a
l/2 thickness, is generalized to two-photon spectroscopy. Only the sum of the
two wave vectors must be normal to the cell, making the two-photon scheme
highly versatile. A comparison is provided between the Dicke narrowing with
copropagating fields, and the residual Doppler-broadening occurring with
counterpropagating geometries. The experimental feasibility is discussed on the
basis of a first observation of a two-photon resonance in a 300 nm-thick Cs
cell. Extension to the Raman situation is finally considered
Narrow structure in the coherent population trapping resonances in rubidium and Rayleigh scattering
The measurement of the coherent-population-trapping (CPT) resonances in
uncoated Rb vacuum cells has shown that the shape of the resonances is
different in different cells. In some cells the resonance has a complex shape -
a narrow Lorentzian structure, which is not power broadened, superimposed on
the power broadened CPT resonance. The results of the performed investigations
on the fluorescence angular distribution are in agreement with the assumption
that the narrow structure is a result of atom interaction with Rayleigh
scattering light. The results are interesting for indication of the vacuum
cleanness of the cells and building of magnetooptical sensors
Fluorescence in quantum dynamics: accurate spectra require post-mean-field approaches
Real time modeling of fluorescence with vibronic resolution entails the representation of the light–matter interaction coupled to a quantum-mechanical description of the phonons and is therefore a challenging problem. In this work, taking advantage of the difference in timescales characterizing internal conversion and radiative relaxation—which allows us to decouple these two phenomena by sequentially modeling one after the other—we simulate the electron dynamics of fluorescence through a master equation derived from the Redfield formalism. Moreover, we explore the use of a recent semiclassical dissipative equation of motion [C. M. Bustamante et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 087401 (2021)], termed coherent electron electric-field dynamics (CEED), to describe the radiative stage. By comparing the results with those from the full quantum-electrodynamics treatment, we find that the semiclassical model does not reproduce the right amplitudes in the emission spectra when the radiative process involves the de-excitation to a manifold of closely lying states. We argue that this flaw is inherent to any mean-field approach and is the case with CEED. This effect is critical for the study of light–matter interaction, and this work is, to our knowledge, the first one to report this problem. We note that CEED reproduces the correct frequencies in agreement with quantum electrodynamics. This is a major asset of the semiclassical model, since the emission peak positions will be predicted correctly without any prior assumption about the nature of the molecular Hamiltonian. This is not so for the quantum electrodynamics approach, where access to the spectral information relies on knowledge of the Hamiltonian eigenvalues
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