Efficacy of a Mycotoxin Binder against Dietary Fumonisin, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone in Rats

It was hypothesized that a mycotoxin binder, Grainsure E, would inhibit adverse effects of a mixture of fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in rats. For 14 and 28 days, 8–10 Sprague–Dawley rats were fed control diet, Grainsure E (0.5%), toxins (7 μg fumonisin B1/g, 8 μg of deoxynivalenol/g and 0.2 μg of zearalenone/g), toxins (12 μg of fumonisin B1/g, 9 μg of deoxynivalenol/g, and 0.2 μg of zearalenone/g + Grainsure E), or pair-fed to control for food intake of toxin-fed rats. After 28 days, decreased body weight gain was prevented by Grainsure E in toxin-fed female rats, indicating partial protection against deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B1. Two effects of fumonisin B1 were partly prevented by Grainsure E in toxin-fed rats, increased plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and urinary sphinganine/sphingosine, but sphinganine/sphingosine increase was not prevented in females at the latter time point. Grainsure E prevented some effects of fumonisin B1 and deoxynivalenol in rats

Altered Development of NKT Cells, γδ T Cells, CD8 T Cells and NK Cells in a PLZF Deficient Patient

In mice, the transcription factor, PLZF, controls the development of effector functions in invariant NKT cells and a subset of NKT cell-like, γδ T cells. Here, we show that in human lymphocytes, in addition to invariant NKT cells, PLZF was also expressed in a large percentage of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, PLZF was also found to be expressed in all γδ T cells and in all NK cells. Importantly, we show that in a donor lacking functional PLZF, all of these various lymphocyte populations were altered. Therefore, in contrast to mice, PLZF appears to control the development and/or function of a wide variety of human lymphocytes that represent more than 10% of the total PBMCs. Interestingly, the PLZF-expressing CD8+ T cell population was found to be expanded in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic melanoma but was greatly diminished in patients with autoimmune disease

[Architectural] Reasoning over BIM/CAD Database. How to combine reasoning powered ontologies with BIM/CAD tools (and vice-versa?)

Design activity is pervasive as it is increasingly expanding into all sectors and every day it is increasingly difficult to anticipate the often unpredictable changes resulting from new inventions and changes in technology, tools, methods and social customs using current design systems, and at the same time we need to preserve and store knowledge and experiences that can help facing aforementioned problems. The present paper illustrates an innovative Rule Layer overlying existing commercial software in order to model Reasoning and Performance verification Rules to be applied to design instances. The authors developed two different prototypes, one on BIM and one on CAD commercial software in order to validate the proposed approach. Results demonstrate the general system potentials opened up to further research development and deepening

[Architectural] Reasoning over BIM/CAD Database

Design activity is pervasive as it is increasingly expanding into all sectors and every day it is increasingly difficult to anticipate the often unpredictable changes resulting from new inventions and changes in technology, tools, methods and social customs using current design systems, and at the same time we need to preserve and store knowledge and experiences that can help facing aforementioned problems. The present paper illustrates an innovative Rule Layer overlying existing commercial software in order to model Reasoning and Performance verification Rules to be applied to design instances. The authors developed two different prototypes, one on BIM and one on CAD commercial software in order to validate the proposed approach. Results demonstrate the general system potentials opened up to further research development and deepening

Why patients with cardiovascular risk should go to dentist: Is there sufficient evidence of influence of periodontal therapy on cardiovascular disease?

Sin financiación1.711 JCR (2020) Q4, 132/146 Endocrinology & Metabolism0.284 SJR (2020) Q3, 167/232 Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismNo data IDR 2020UE

Why patients with cardiovascular risk should go to dentist: is there sufficient evidence of influence of periodontal therapy on cardiovascular disease?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cause of death, representing 29% of the mortality all over the word. More than 70 million Americans have been diagnosed with various forms of CVD, including high blood pressure, coronary artery disease (acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris), disorders of peripheral arteries. There is strong evidence that periodontal disease (PD) is associated with an increased risk of CVD. In addition, many patients with CVD are also affected by PD, which can be mild or severe. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the effects of periodontal therapy on the management of CVD. Thirty-four randomised controlled trials and reviews were included in this manuscript to test the effects of different periodontal therapies for patients with CVD. In conclusion, we may affirm that there is some lack of knowledge on the relationship between PD and CVD, however there is sufficient evidence to justify a periodontal treatment to prevent CVD; in fact, PD is very prevalent in the middle-aged population and can have a significant impact on the cardiovascular function

Why dentists and dental hygienists should improve programs for inducing smoking cessation? The effect of tobacco smoking on periodontal health

Sin financiación1.711 JCR (2020) Q4, 132/146 Endocrinology & Metabolism0.284 SJR (2020) Q3, 167/232 Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismNo data IDR 2020UE

New insights in orofacial cleft: Epidemiological and genetic studies on Italian samples

Cleft of the lip and/or palate (CL\ub1P) is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly affecting around 1 in 700 live births worldwide. Clefts of the human face can be classified anatomically as cleft lip only (CL), cleft palate only (CP), cleft lip and palate (CLP) or a combined group of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL\ub1P), based on differences in embryologic development. CL\ub1P has a genetic base and several linkage and association analyses have been performed in order to obtain important information about the role of candidate genes in its onset; not less important are gene-environment interactions that play an increasing role in its aetiology. In CL\ub1P, several loci have been seen associated with the malformation, and, in some cases, a specific gene mapping in a locus has also been identified as susceptibility factor. In CP, one gene has been found, but many more are probably involved. In this short review the genetic studies carried out on CL\ub1P, and the interaction with environmental factors (alcohol, smoking, drugs) are discussed