20,483 research outputs found
Metamaterial with polarization and direction insensitive resonant transmission response mimicking electromagnetically induced transparency
We report on a planar metamaterial, the resonant transmission frequency of which does not depend on the polarization and angle of incidence of electromagnetic waves. The resonance results from the excitation of high-Q antisymmetric trapped current mode and shows sharp phase dispersion characteristic to Fano-type resonances of the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon
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Latanoprost with high precision, piezo-print microdose delivery for IOP lowering: clinical results of the PG21 study of 0.4 µg daily microdose.
Background:Topical high-precision piezo-print delivery of microdoses of latanoprost achieved significant IOP reduction consistent with the eyedropper effect but with a 75% reduced exposure to drugs and preservatives. Prostaglandin analogs are a mainstay glaucoma therapy. However, conventional eyedroppers deliver 30-50 µL drops that greatly exceed the physiologic 7-µL ocular tear film capacity. Eyedropper overdosing floods the eye with excess drug compounds and preservatives, resulting in ocular surface toxicity, periorbitopathy, and other well-characterized ocular side effects. Piezoelectric high-precision microdosing provides targeted delivery that can reduce exposure to both drug and preservatives compared to conventional eyedropper delivery, with the potential to deliver similar biologic effect. Methods:Both eyes (N=60) of 30 healthy volunteers received single 8-µL microdoses of 0.005% latanoprost (0.4 µg; µRx-latanoprost) on the morning of Days 1 and 2 using a high-precision, piezo-print horizontal delivery system. Diurnal IOP was measured before and 2 days after microdosing. Main efficacy outcomes were diurnal IOP change after µRx-latanoprost microdosing and accurate microdosing success rates, and the primary safety outcome was adverse event (AE) incidence. Results:µRx-latanoprost reduced baseline IOP by 26% and 30% at 1 and 2 days postadministration, respectively. Successful topical dosing was achieved in 100% of technician-assisted deliveries. All patients successfully self-administered microdoses after receiving training. Microdose administration was well tolerated and did not result in any AEs. Conclusion:Microdosing of 0.4 µg of µRx-latanoprost achieved significant IOP reduction. Lower ocular exposure with topical prostaglandin analog microdosing can enable new therapeutic opportunities for optimizing glaucoma treatment. Microdosing may also be beneficial in reducing ocular side effects associated with excessive drug product and preservatives often used to treat chronic ocular diseases such as glaucoma
Rho primes in analyzing e+e- annihilation, MARK III, LASS and ARGUS data
The results of an analysis are presented of some recent data on the reactions
, with the
subtracted events, , , , , the decays
,
, upon taking into account both the strong energy
dependence of the partial widths on energy and the previously neglected mixing
of the type resonances. The above effects are shown to exert an
essential influence on the specific values of masses and coupling constants of
heavy resonances and hence are necessary to be accounted for in establishing
their true nature.Comment: 20 pages, ReVTeX, 9 Postscript figures As compared to hep-ph/9607398,
new material concerning the analysis of the ARGUS data on the tau decays into
four pion hadronic states is adde
The Amplitude in an External Homogeneous Electromagnetic Field
Neutrino-photon interactions in the presence of an external homogeneous
constant electromagnetic field are studied. The amplitude is
calculated in an electromagnetic field of the general type, when the two field
invariants are nonzero.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figur
Orbital symmetry fingerprints for magnetic adatoms in graphene
In this paper, we describe the formation of local resonances in graphene in
the presence of magnetic adatoms containing localized orbitals of arbitrary
symmetry, corresponding to any given angular momentum state. We show that
quantum interference effects which are naturally inbuilt in the honeycomb
lattice in combination with the specific orbital symmetry of the localized
state lead to the formation of fingerprints in differential conductance curves.
In the presence of Jahn-Teller distortion effects, which lift the orbital
degeneracy of the adatoms, the orbital symmetries can lead to distinctive
signatures in the local density of states. We show that those effects allow
scanning tunneling probes to characterize adatoms and defects in graphene.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. Added discussion about the multi-orbital case
and the validity of the single orbital picture. Published versio
Infrared probe of the anomalous magnetotransport of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite in the extreme quantum limit
We present a systematic investigation of the magnetoreflectance of highly
oriented pyrolytic graphite in magnetic field B up to 18 T . From these
measurements, we report the determination of lifetimes tau associated with the
lowest Landau levels in the quantum limit. We find a linear field dependence
for inverse lifetime 1/tau(B) of the lowest Landau levels, which is consistent
with the hypothesis of a three-dimensional (3D) to 1D crossover in an
anisotropic 3D metal in the quantum limit. This enigmatic result uncovers the
origin of the anomalous linear in-plane magnetoresistance observed both in bulk
graphite and recently in mesoscopic graphite samples
Metal-Insulator-Like Behavior in Semimetallic Bismuth and Graphite
When high quality bismuth or graphite crystals are placed in a magnetic field
directed along the c-axis (trigonal axis for bismuth) and the temperature is
lowered, the resistance increases as it does in an insulator but then
saturates. We show that the combination of unusual features specific to
semimetals, i.e., low carrier density, small effective mass, high purity, and
an equal number of electrons and holes (compensation), gives rise to a unique
ordering and spacing of three characteristic energy scales, which not only is
specific to semimetals but which concomitantly provides a wide window for the
observation of apparent field induced metal-insulator behavior. Using
magnetotransport and Hall measurements, the details of this unusual behavior
are captured with a conventional multi-band model, thus confirming the
occupation by semimetals of a unique niche between conventional metals and
semiconductors.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figs, data and discussion on bismuth added, final
published versio
Application of Current Algebra in Three Pseudoscalar Meson Decays of Lepton
The decays of and
are calculated using the hard pion and kaon current algebra and assuming the
Axial-Vector meson dominance of the hadronic axial currents. Using the
experimental data on their masses and widths, the decay branching ratios
into these channels are calculated and found to be in a reasonable agreement
with the experimental data. In particular, using the available Aleph data on
the spectrum, we determine the parameters, ,
GeV; the hard current algebra calculation yields a
branching ratio of .Comment: 14 pages, Tex, 6 included figure
Spatial mapping of band bending in semiconductor devices using in-situ quantum sensors
Band bending is a central concept in solid-state physics that arises from
local variations in charge distribution especially near semiconductor
interfaces and surfaces. Its precision measurement is vital in a variety of
contexts from the optimisation of field effect transistors to the engineering
of qubit devices with enhanced stability and coherence. Existing methods are
surface sensitive and are unable to probe band bending at depth from surface or
bulk charges related to crystal defects. Here we propose an in-situ method for
probing band bending in a semiconductor device by imaging an array of
atomic-sized quantum sensing defects to report on the local electric field. We
implement the concept using the nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond, and map the
electric field at different depths under various surface terminations. We then
fabricate a two-terminal device based on the conductive two-dimensional hole
gas formed at a hydrogen-terminated diamond surface, and observe an unexpected
spatial modulation of the electric field attributed to a complex interplay
between charge injection and photo-ionisation effects. Our method opens the way
to three-dimensional mapping of band bending in diamond and other
semiconductors hosting suitable quantum sensors, combined with simultaneous
imaging of charge transport in complex operating devices.Comment: This is a pre-print of an article published in Nature Electronics.
The final authenticated version is available online at
https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41928-018-0130-
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