Species richness and beta-diversity of aquatic macrophytes assemblages in three floodplain tropical lagoons: evaluating the effects of sampling size and depth gradients

Using aquatic macrophyte data gathered in three lagoons of the Paraná River floodplain we showed a strong effect of sample size on species richness. Incidence-based species richness estimators (Chao 2, jackknife 1, jackknife 2, incidence-based coverage estimator and bootstrap) were compared to evaluate their performance in estimating the species richness throughout transect sampling rnethod. Our results suggest that the best estimate of the species richness was gave by jackknife 2 estimator. Nevertheless, the transect sampling design was considered inappropriate to estimate aquatic macrophytes species richness. Depth gradient was not a good predictor of the species richness and species turnover (beta diversity). The dynamics of these environments, subject to high water-level fluctuation prevents the formation and permanence of a clear floristic depth-related gradient

Far-Field Species Distribution Measurements on the BHT-600 Hall Thruster Cluster

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/76148/1/AIAA-2007-5304-543.pd

Análise de logs do sistema Agritempo por meio do log do PHPNuke e WebAlizer.

O foco deste trabalho é a análise dos logs do sistema Agritempo, um sistema de monitoramento agrometeorológico que disponibiliza informações meteorológicas e agrometeorológicas de diferentes regiões brasileiras gratuitamente na internet3. O Agritempo possui um amplo público-alvo: produtores, extensionistas, consultores, agentes do governo, estudantes e professores universitários, além da iniciativa privada

Working harder and longer: how managers use their time when working from home

Managers worked longer hours during the pandemic and changed how they used their time, find Thomaz Teodorovicz, Raffaella Sadun (Harvard Business School), Andrew L. Kun (University of New Hampshire), and Orit Shaer (Wellesley College). They suggest how better technology, including AI, could help them overcome the downsides to working from home

How does working from home during Covid-19 affect what managers do? Evidence from time-use studies

We assess how the sudden and widespread shift to working from home during the pandemic impacted how managers allocate time throughout their working day. We analyze the results from an online time-use survey with data on 1,192 knowledge workers (out of which 973 are managers) in two waves, a pre-pandemic wave collected in August/2019 (615 participants, out of which 506 are managers) and a post-pandemic wave collected in August/2020 (577 participants, out of which 464 are managers). Our findings indicate that the forced transition to WFH created by the COVID pandemic was associated with a drastic reduction in commuting time for managers, but also an increase in time spent in work rather than on personal activities. This included reallocating time gained from commuting into more time spent in meetings, possibly to recoup some of the extemporaneous interactions that typically happen in the office. This change is particularly pronounced for managers employed in larger organizations. We use the results from the time-use studies to discuss implications for the development of new technologies

Multitasking while driving: a time use study of commuting knowledge workers to access current and future uses

Commuting has enormous impact on individuals, families, organizations, and society. Advances in vehicle automation may help workers employ the time spent commuting in productive work-tasks or wellbeing activities. To achieve this goal, however, we need to develop a deeper understanding of which work and personal activities are of value for commuting workers. In this paper we present results from an online time-use study of 400 knowledge workers who commute-by-driving. The data allow us to study multitasking-while-driving behavior of com-muting knowledge workers, identify which non-driving tasks knowledge workers currently engage in while driving, and the non-driving tasks individuals would like to engage in when using a safe highly automated vehicle in the future. We discuss the implications of our findings for the design of technology that supports work and wellbeing activities in automated cars

Understanding implicit social context in electronic communication

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72).Artificial Intelligence (Al) has shown competence in helping people with complex cognitive decisions like air traffic control and playing chess. The goal of this work is to demonstrate that Al can help people with social decisions. In this work Artificial Intelligence of Social Networks is used to improve human-human communication, recognizing the social characteristics of human relations in order to achieve a more natural online communication interface. Can a computer learn to understand the value of communication? It is shown here that a first attempt at social context classification performs with almost 70% reliability. Could a computer use this to help a person relate to other people through technology? The addition of social context to an email interface is shown to have a positive effect in a user's online communication behavior. Email is a tool that people use practically every day, making an implicit statement about their relationships with other people, and providing an opportunity for a computer to learn about their social network. Furthermore, over the years people have come to utilize and depend on email more in their daily lives, but the tool has hardly changed to help people deal with the overwhelming amount of information. Many of the social cues that allow people to naturally function with their social network are not inherent or obvious in Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). This work offers automatic social network analysis as a means to bring these cues to CMC and to foster the user's coherent understanding of the people and resources of their communication network.by Andrea Lyn Lockerd.S.M