Systematic Review of Laser and Other Light Therapy for the Management of Oral Mucositis in Cancer Patients

Background The aim of this study was to review the available literature and define clinical practice guidelines for the use of laser and other light therapies for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis. Methods A systematic review was conducted by the Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology. The body of evidence for each intervention, in each cancer treatment setting, was assigned an evidence level. Based onthe evidence level, one of the following three guideline determinations was possible: recommendation, suggestion, and no guideline possible. Results A new recommendation was made for low-level laser (wavelength at 650 nm, power of 40 mW, and each square centimeter treated with the required time to a tissue energy dose of 2 J/cm2 (2 s/point)) for the prevention of oral mucositis in adult patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation conditioned with high-dose chemotherapy, with or without total body irradiation. A new suggestion was made for low-level laser (wavelength around 632.8 nm) for the prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy, without concomitant chemotherapy, for head and neck cancer. No guideline was possible in other populations and for other light sources due to insufficient evidence. Conclusions The increasing evidence in favor of low-level laser therapy allowed for the development of two new guidelines supporting this modality in the populations listed above. Evidence for other populations was also generally encouraging over a range of wavelengths and intensities. However, additional well-designed research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of laser and other light therapies in various cancer treatment settings

Capacidade para o trabalho e saúde: o que pensam as trabalhadoras da indústria de vestuário

Este estudo objetivou conhecer como as mulheres que atuam na indústria do vestuário em Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, entendem e relacionam os constructos capacidade para o trabalho e saúde. Utilizou-se metodologia qualitativa com análise dos depoimentos ancorada na teoria das representações sociais. Os resultados apontaram que a capacidade para o trabalho depende de fatores como capacitação, suporte social, exercício da profissão a domicilio, satisfação com o trabalho, saúde e envelhecimento. Além disso, ela sofre muitas influências externas ao trabalhador, que, por sua vez, precisa constantemente se adaptar às mudanças ocorridas. Os resultados evidenciaram a necessidade de reflexão sobre o papel das condições de trabalho e emprego, da rigidez organizacional e da perda de controle sobre o trabalho, na saúde e na capacidade para o trabalho das mulheres atuantes na indústria do vestuário

Análise da construção da política nacional de agroecologia e produção orgânica no Brasil.

RESUMO: A Política Nacional de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica (Pnapo) foi criada em 2012, com o objetivo de integrar, articular e adequar as políticas públicas que contribuem para a produção sustentável de alimentos saudáveis e livres de contaminantes químicos, aliando o desenvolvimento rural com a conservação dos recursos naturais e a valorização do conhecimento dos povos e comunidades tradicionais. Este texto apresenta parte dos resultados de um estudo que está sendo realizado sobre a Pnapo, abrangendo uma análise do seu processo de construção com base nas percepções dos representantes das diversas instituições do governo e da sociedade civil que participam da sua gestão. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com esses representantes visando levantar o histórico de construção da política. Foi feita também uma análise exploratória qualitativa da concepção da Pnapo, utilizando-se o método de análise de conteúdo, com base nas transcrições das entrevistas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as agendas da agroecologia e da produção orgânica foram lentamente construídas dentro do governo por força das pressões da sociedade civil organizada. Outro fator importante para a construção dessas agendas foi o fortalecimento dos espaços de discussão, participação e articulação proporcionados pelos conselhos e comissões de participação social. Com relação à concepção da Pnapo, observou-se que os espaços de diálogo proporcionados pela Comissão Nacional de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica (Cnapo), formada por representantes do governo e de entidades da sociedade civil, e a Câmara Interministerial de Agroecologia e Produção Orgânica (Ciapo), composta por representantes dos ministérios que atuam na política, propiciaram a construção participativa entre governo e sociedade e estimularam uma abordagem interministerial dentro do âmbito governamental. Os principais desafios são o aprimoramento da gestão intersetorial e a ampliação da prioridade da Pnapo dentro do próprio governo. Conclui-se que a continuidade da política dependerá muito do reconhecimento da sociedade por sua importância, demandando do governo a sua manutenção e ampliação dos espaços conquistados. ABSTRACT: The National Policy for Agroecology and Organic Production (Pnapo) was created in 2012 to integrate, articulate and adjust the existing public policies concerning sustainable production of chemical-contaminant-free products. The referred policy combines rural development, conservation of natural resources and valorization of traditional communities? knowledge. This article presents part of the results of an ongoing study about Pnapo. It analyses the constructive process of the program according to representatives of social and governmental institutions that manage this policy. In order to collect the historical background of Pnapo, main participants of the policy building were interviewed. The results of this research show that agroecology and organic production programs were slowly structured inside the government through pressure of organized groups in society. Another relevant factor to this development was the growth in social involvement in councils and commissions. Regarding Pnapo?s conception, it was observed that dialogue spaces provided by the National Commission for Agroecology and Organic Production (Cnapo) (composed by representatives from the government and from civil society) and the Interministerial Chamber of Agroecology and Organic Production (Ciapo) (composed by representatives from the ministries that participates in the policy), have provided participative construction between government and society and stimulated an interministerial approach inside government. The main challenges are to improve the intersectional management of the program and to enforce the importance of Pnapo inside the government. It is concluded that the continuance of this policy will depend heavily on the society?s acknowledgement of its importance, demanding from the government its maintenance and the enlargement of already acquired spaces.bitstream/item/161371/1/td-2305.pd

Gaia Gral: Gaia Dr2 Gravitational Lens Systems. Vi. Spectroscopic Confirmation And Modeling Of Quadruply Imaged Lensed Quasars

Combining the exquisite angular resolution of Gaia with optical light curves and WISE photometry, the Gaia Gravitational Lenses group (GraL) uses machine-learning techniques to identify candidate strongly lensed quasars, and has confirmed over two dozen new strongly lensed quasars from the Gaia Data Release 2. This paper reports on the 12 quadruply imaged quasars identified by this effort to date, which is a similar to 20% increase in the total number of confirmed quadruply imaged quasars. We discuss the candidate selection, spectroscopic follow-up, and lens modeling. We also report our spectroscopic failures as an aid for future investigations

Gaia GraL: Gaia DR2 Gravitational Lens Systems. V. Doubly-imaged QSOs discovered from entropy and wavelets

The discovery of multiply-imaged gravitationally lensed QSOs is fundamental to many astronomical and cosmological studies. However, these objects are rare and challenging to discover due to requirements of high-angular resolution astrometric, multiwavelength photometric and spectroscopic data. This has limited the number of known systems to a few hundred objects. We aim to reduce the constraints on angular resolution and discover multiply-imaged QSO candidates by using new candidate selection principles based on unresolved photometric time-series and ground-based images from public surveys. We selected candidates for multiply-imaged QSOs based on low levels of entropy computed from Catalina unresolved photometric time-series or Euclidean similarity to known lenses in a space defined by the wavelet power spectra of Pan-STARSS DR2 or DECaLS DR7 images, combined with multiple {\it Gaia} DR2 sources or large astrometric errors and supervised and unsupervised learning methods. We then confirmed spectroscopically some candidates with the Palomar Hale, Keck-I, and ESO/NTT telescopes. Here we report the discovery and confirmation of seven doubly-imaged QSOs and one likely double quasar. This demonstrates the potential of combining space-astrometry, even if unresolved, with low spatial-resolution photometric time-series and/or low-spatial resolution multi-band imaging to discover multiply-imaged lensed QSOs

Utilização de ácido sulfúrico para remoção de dormência de sementes de Paspalum dilatatum biótipo virasoro e Paspalum urvillei.

O gênero Paspalum engloba várias espécies com bom valor forrageiro, entre elas estão o Paspalum dilatatum biótipo virasoro e o Paspalum urvillei. Na literatura, um dos fatores que dificulta o estabelecimento uniforme das pastagens forrageiras tropicais é a presença de dormência

Brain metabolism and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers profile of non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment in comparison to amnestic mild cognitive impairment and normal older subjects

Abstract\ud \ud Introduction\ud Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is classically considered a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. Non-amnestic MCI (naMCI) patients, however, typically demonstrate cognitive deficits other than memory decline. Furthermore, as a group, naMCI have a lower rate of an eventual dementia diagnosis as compared to amnestic subtypes of MCI (aMCI). Unfortunately, studies investigating biomarker profiles of naMCI are scarce. The study objective was to investigate the regional brain glucose metabolism (rBGM) with [18F]FDG-PET and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in subjects with naMCI as compared to a control group (CG) and aMCI subjects.\ud \ud \ud Methods\ud Ninety-five patients were included in three different groups: naMCI (N = 32), aMCI (N = 33) and CG (N = 30). Patients underwent brain MRI and [18F]FDG-PET. A subsample (naMCI = 26, aMCI = 28) also had an assessment of amyloid-β, tau, and phosphorylated tau levels in the CSF.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud Both MCI groups had lower rBGM in relation to the CG in the precuneus. Subjects with naMCI showed decreased right prefrontal metabolism as well as higher levels of CSF amyloid-β relative to aMCI subjects.\ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud While amnestic MCI subjects showed a biomarker profile classically related to MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease, naMCI patients illustrated a decrease in both prefrontal hypometabolism and higher CSF amyloid-β levels relative to the aMCI group. These biomarker findings indicate that naMCI is probably a heterogeneous group with similar precuneus hypometabolism compared to aMCI, but additional frontal hypometabolism and less amyloid-β deposition in the brain. Clinical follow-up and reappraisal of biomarkers of the naMCI group is needed to determine the outcome and probable etiological diagnosis.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) numbers 2011/18245-4 and 2009/17398-1 in BrazilCoordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)/Brazi