COMPARISON OF XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS IN GOUTY PATIENTS WITH HYPERURICEMIA

Objective: Febuxostat is more effective/superior to Allopurinol in reducing the serum uric acid (SUA) level in the treatment of hyperuricemic withgout.Methods: This randomized control study included 200 hyperuricemic patients with gout, at Multi-center study including Outdoor Departments ofMedicine from four different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. Patients age range 18-50 years diagnosis with hyperuricemia and gout, SUA >8 mg/dlwere included while severe renal impairment and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase patients were excluded from the study.Results: About 200 patients treated with hyperuricemic with gout were randomly divided into four groups (50%) patients were in each groupreceived different treatment. Out of 200 patients, 118 (59%) were male and 82 (41%) were female with mean age 42.37±9.47 years. Among theFebuxostat group, patients' success rate of lowering SUA level was found to be 32 (64%) as compared to Allopurinol 16 (32%). Drug compliance wassimilar among treatment groups, i.e. Allopurinol and Febuxostat while the trend toward drug compliance in Allopurinol + Vitamin C and Febuxostat +Vitamin C groups showed similar in number.Conclusion: Febuxostat is safe and effective to Allopurinol for the treatment of hyperuricemia with gout as the Febuxostat has a significant associationwith lowering SUA concentration <6 mg/dl. It is concluded that although Febuxostat is safe and effect alone in gouty patients, but it has somehow alittle effect with Vitamin C especially in patients who are feeble.Keywords: Febuxostat, Allopurinol, Serum uric acid.Â

Polymeric Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Hybrid Doped with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized and Characterized Using the Electrospun Method

Background:Because of their portability and flexibility in altering surface properties, nanofibers have attracted more attention in recent years, particularly in biological applications. The development of affordable antibacterial base agents for wound healing capabilities and other medical technologies is still in high demand. Porosity, ease of forming into different sizes, and high surface area are just a few of the benefits of nanofibers.Materials and Methods:A 90% deacetylated (average 200,000 MW) poly(vinyl alcohol) chitosan with a life of 72000 MW was bought.Results:Through the samples of the electronic scanner, electrospinning rates, flow of 0.6 ml / sec, voltage of 10 kV, distance between the collector and the needle of 8 cm, and the ratio of PVA / CS / ZnO to the polymer with the addition of nanoparticles ratio 0.4% 65 / 35.Conclusion:In this study, the nanofiber compound PVA / CS / ZnO proved to have medical and biological compatibility. There is no toxicity in this compound. It has therapeutic properties against microbes and is good in healing wounds, as in previous studie

Ontology-Based Model for Information Retrieval: an Application of Time Nouns in Nahj Al-Balagha

نت دوراً اساسياً في الحياة من خلال كمية واهمية المعلومات التي يوفرها. حاليا، تعتبر إدارة البيانات وإيجاد المعلومات غير دقيقة وذلك لأنها تعتمد على شكل الكلمة وليس معناها. ان عملية تمثيل البيانات والوصول لها من اهم العوامل التي تساهم باسترجاع المعلومات والتغلب على مشكلة التشابه بين المستندات. توجد وسائل لقياس التشابه مختلفة تعمل وفقا ً للوزن والفهرسة والمطابقة. الانطولوجيا هي البنية الأساسية لإدارة البيانات لأنها تستند الى معنى الكلمة والعلاقة بين الكلمات ومجال المعرفة. يقدم هذا البحث اقتراحاً لنموذج نظام دلالي مبني على مجال معرفة محدد (في هذا البحث أسماء الزمن في نهج البلاغة) ويعتمد على المدخلات الدلالية عن طريقة فهرسة محرك البحث باستخدام Vector Space Model (VSM). الهدف من البحث هو تحسين المعلومات الدلالية المسترجعة عن طريق إنشاء استعلام يستند الى المطابقة والتشابه بين كلمات الاستعلام في النظام. هذا العمل مبني على عمل سابق [1]. تم تقييم النظام باستخدام معدل التشابه والدقة والاسترجاع لنتائج التجارب.The internet plays a key role in life through the massive data that it provides. Currently, managing data and finding information on the internet is inaccurate because it depends on the form of the word rather than its meaning. Data representation and access are important factors when it comes to Information Retrieval (IR). In order to overcome the problem of document similarity, there are various similarity measurements in place that function according to weight, indexing and matching. Ontology is a data management infrastructure that gives precedence to the meaning of a word, the relationship between words and the domain of knowledge.  This paper presents a semantic system proposal based on a particular field of knowledge (time nouns) and relies on semantic input by indexing the search engine using a Vector Space Model (VSM). The aim of this work is to improve the retrieved semantic information by constructing a query based on the matching and similarity between the query words in the system. This paper builds upon previous work carried out in the same area [1]. The system was evaluated by using the similarity, average precision and recall of the experiments' results

Remarkable enhancement in crystalline perfection, second harmonic generation efficiency, optical transparency, and laser damage threshold in potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals by L-threonine doping

Effect of L-threonine (LT) doping on crystalline perfection, second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency, optical transparency, and laser damage threshold (LDT) in potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals grown by slow evaporation solution technique (SEST) has been investigated. The influence of doping on growth rate and morphology of the grown crystals has also been studied. Powder x-ray diffraction data confirms the crystal structure of KDP and shows a systematic variation in intensity of diffraction peaks in correlation with morphology due to varying LT concentration. No extra phase formation was observed which is further confirmed by Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) studies. High-resolution x-ray diffraction curves indicate that crystalline perfection has been improved to a great extent at low concentrations with a maximum perfection at 1 mol % doping. At higher concentrations (5 to 10 mol %), it is slightly reduced due to excess incorporation of dopants at the interstitial sites of the crystalline matrix. LDT has been increased considerably with increase in doping concentration, whereas SHG efficiency was found to be maximum at 1 mol % in correlation with crystalline. The optical transparency for doped crystals has been increased as compared to that of pure KDP with a maximum value at 1 mol % doping

Stroke Severity Predicted by Aortic Atheroma Detected by Ultra-Fast and Cardiac-Gated Chest Tomography†

Background and Purpose: The presence of aortic atherosclerosis is an independent risk factor for secondary stroke. The present study was designed to have an initial exploration of the correlation between the load and extent of aortic atheroma (AA) and initial stroke severity or clinical outcome 3 months after stroke. Methods: Cardiac-gated chest tomography (CGCT) was used to detect and measure AA in patients with acute ischemic stroke as shown by our group in prior prospective studies and this is part four sub-exploratory study of the same cohort. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the initial stroke severity, and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess 3-month outcome. Results: Thirty-two patients underwent CGCT for evaluation of AA, and 21 were found to have AA. AA was more prevalent in patient with NIHSS >6 (14/17 versus 7/15, p-value 0.03). Applying the multiple logistic regression and propensity score adjustment (using the propensity of having AA given the baseline features as covariates) showed a non-significant trend that AA is three times more likely to be associated with NIHSS >6 (p = 0.08, OR 3.08, 95% CI 0.94–13.52). There was no evidence of association of AA with 3-month functional outcome (mRS): 11/14 (78.6%) mRS >1 had AA, and 10/18 (55.5%) of those with mRS ≤1 had AA (p = 0.27). Conclusion: In our current study with limited sample number and exploratory nature, the presence of AA on CGCT with acute ischemic stroke patients may be associated with worse neurological deficit at presentation. There was no evidence of association with 3-month functional outcome using the mRS

The Relativistic Linear Singular Oscillator

Exactly-solvable model of the linear singular oscillator in the relativistic configurational space is considered. We have found wavefunctions and energy spectrum for the model under study. It is shown that they have correct non-relativistic limits.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures in eps format, IOP style LaTeX file (revised taking into account referees suggestions

REDUCING RESIDUAL STRESSES USING CRYOGENIC THERMAL TREATMENT

 This work deals with the reduction of residual stresses using cryogenic thermal treatment as all alternative to normal thennal treatment .The work was performed on a solid z-shaped model component. Ihe models were fabricated from two difl'erent types of materials (alloy steel & alumin:tm). If any residual stresses exist in a manufactured cornponent, then these residual stresses will have an effect on the natural frequency of that component. A new type of measurement method was used to measure the level of residual stresses present. The nahral frequency of the models at a stress fiee state was used as a reference. This method was also used to find the extent of the residual stress relief and percentage of reduction. Residual stresses were incluced by flame heating with different boundary conditions and at different rates of cooling. They were stress relieved by the use of liquid nitrogen (-198uC) and at different various treatment times. This rvas done to find the effect of time on the treatment. Reduction in residual stress level reached 92.38yo.'firis reduction was compared with a normal thermal stress relief. Also a comparison was macie between the two types of material that were stress relieved. It was found that over treatment tends to re-stress the models.

Risk factors for presentation to hospital with severe anaemia in Tanzanian children: a case-control study.

In malaria endemic areas anaemia is a usually silent condition that nevertheless places a considerable burden on health services. Cases of severe anaemia often require hospitalization and blood transfusions. The objective of this study was to assess risk factors for admission with anaemia to facilitate the design of anaemia control programmes. We conducted a prospective case-control study of children aged 2-59 months admitted to a district hospital in southern Tanzania. There were 216 cases of severe anaemia [packed cell volume (PCV) < 25%] and 234 age-matched controls (PCV > or = 25%). Most cases [55.6% (n = 120)] were < 1 year of age. Anaemia was significantly associated with the educational level of parents, type of accommodation, health-seeking behaviour, the child's nutritional status and recent and current medical history. Of these, the single most important factor was Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia [OR 4.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9-6.5, P < 0.001]. Multivariate analysis showed that increased recent health expenditure [OR 2.2 (95% CI 1.3-3.9), P = 0.005], malnutrition [OR 2.4 (95%CI 1.3-4.3), P < 0.001], living > 10 km from the hospital [OR 3.0 (95% CI 1.9-4.9), P < 0.001], a history of previous blood transfusion [OR 3.8 (95% CI 1.7-9.1), P < 0.001] and P. falciparum parasitaemia [OR 9.5 (95% CI 4.3-21.3), P < 0.001] were independently related to risk of being admitted with anaemia. These findings are considered in terms of the pathophysiological pathway leading to anaemia. The concentration of anaemia in infants and problems of access to health services and adequate case management underline the need for targeted preventive strategies for anaemia control

CO-INOCULATION WITH RHIZOBIUM AND BACILLUS SP TO IMPROVE THE PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

ABSTRACT Intensive cropping has resulted-in wide spread deficiency of nutrients in most of the soils and situation is becoming more serious because of a increase in the use of high priced chemical fertilizers and their negative influence on the environment. Exploitation of biological intervention mainly phosphate solublizing bacteria (PSB) has attracted great attention, as they have enormous potential in providing soil phosphorus for plant growth, by increasing the availability of accumulated phosphate through solubilization. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Rhizobium and Bacillus, alone and in combination on the yield parameters of wheat. Uniform dose of N and K (160 and 60 kg ha ), grain protein (11.84%) and 1000 grain weight (62 g) were higher in co-inoculation of Rhizobium and Bacillus. It was also recorded that coinoculation of Rhizobium and Bacillus improved the grain yield up to 17.5% as compared to control. In single inoculation Bacillus gave better result and showed an increase of 7.7% in grain yield. Phosphorus uptake by grains (25.29 kg ha -1 ) was maximized by co-inoculation followed by Bacillus inoculation. Available phosphorus in post harvest sample of soil was recorded (16.27 mg kg -1 ) which was significantly higher than all other treatments. Results clearly demonstrated that co-inoculation of Rhizobium and Bacillus sp enhanced the availability of phosphorus and exert positive effect on the growth and yield of crop