Data Mining in Electronic Commerce

Modern business is rushing toward e-commerce. If the transition is done properly, it enables better management, new services, lower transaction costs and better customer relations. Success depends on skilled information technologists, among whom are statisticians. This paper focuses on some of the contributions that statisticians are making to help change the business world, especially through the development and application of data mining methods. This is a very large area, and the topics we cover are chosen to avoid overlap with other papers in this special issue, as well as to respect the limitations of our expertise. Inevitably, electronic commerce has raised and is raising fresh research problems in a very wide range of statistical areas, and we try to emphasize those challenges.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/088342306000000204 in the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Enhanced controlling of the SLS Process during a build

Current commercial Rapid Prototyping (RP) systems like Stereolithography (3D Systems Corporation) and Selective Laser Sintering (DTM Corporation) use galvanometers from General Scanning Inc. (GSI) for the positioning of the laser beam. The GSI scanners are delivered as a ''black box". Operating Consoles which are usually Personal Computers (PC) have very few feedback from the performance of the GSI scanners. Therefore, the PC spends 9000 or more of its time waiting for the GSI scanners to be over with the building of the current layer before sending the information regarding the next layer. Also, very little process control can be performed during the scanning of a layer using the GSI scanners. This kind of setup prevents any dynamic controlling of the process that could prevent building errors like burning, warping etc. At Clemson University, our team has developed both hardware and software components that allows a dynamic control of the building process. New features like scanning one vector with laser power as a function of position and/or time are now possible. Both hardware and software issues will be presented.Mechanical Engineerin

Differential Responses of Targeted Lung Redox Enzymes to Rat Exposure to 60 or 85% Oxygen

Rat exposure to 60% O2 (hyper-60) or 85% O2 (hyper-85) for 7 days confers susceptibility or tolerance, respectively, of the otherwise lethal effects of exposure to 100% O2. The objective of this study was to determine whether activities of the antioxidant cytosolic enzyme NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and mitochondrial complex III are differentially altered in hyper-60 and hyper-85 lungs. Duroquinone (DQ), an NQO1 substrate, or its hydroquinone (DQH2), a complex III substrate, was infused into the arterial inflow of isolated, perfused lungs, and the venous efflux rates of DQH2 and DQ were measured. Based on inhibitor effects and kinetic modeling, capacities of NQO1-mediated DQ reduction (Vmax1) and complex III-mediated DQH2 oxidation (Vmax2) increased by ∼140 and ∼180% in hyper-85 lungs, respectively, compared with rates in lungs of rats exposed to room air (normoxic). In hyper-60 lungs, Vmax1 increased by ∼80%, with no effect on Vmax2. Additional studies revealed that mitochondrial complex I activity in hyper-60 and hyper-85 lung tissue homogenates was ∼50% lower than in normoxic lung homogenates, whereas mitochondrial complex IV activity was ∼90% higher in only hyper-85 lung tissue homogenates. Thus NQO1 activity increased in both hyper-60 and hyper-85 lungs, whereas complex III activity increased in hyper-85 lungs only. This increase, along with the increase in complex IV activity, may counter the effects the depression in complex I activity might have on tissue mitochondrial function and/or reactive oxygen species production and may be important to the tolerance of 100% O2 observed in hyper-85 rats

IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SOFTWARE MATLAB DALAM MEMECAHKAN KASUS FISIKA: DINAMIKA SISTEM MASSA DAN PEGAS (PRINSIP NILAI DAN VEKTOR EIGEN)

Abstract: Matlab Software Program Implementation in Solving Physics Problem: Dynamics Mass System and Spring (Values and Eigen Vectors Principles). Matlab software was applied in resolving physics problems especially in calculation the magnitudo and eigen vector. Physics problem solved in this article was oscillator motion which consists of four mass and four springs. Target of this program application was to determine the spring deviation length, thus the magnitudo as well as the eigen vector could be obtained. The method applied in this study was using the problem magnitudo and eigen vector to calculate spring deviation in Matlab. For the case of oscillatory motion, determination of  each mass of  system and the springs constants have been specified according to the system. Equation of motion for the mass-spring system was deduced by consider each point of masses use the function  , which is called as function of anzats, then derived twice respect to time. By using Mathlab application, the result obtained indicate that by exploiting the eig (eigen) command in Mathlab program, it was showed that running of the Mathlab program would result accurately calculation for value and eigen vector.Keywords: Mathlab, dynamics, oscillator, magnitude and eigen vectorAbstrak: Implementasi Program Software Matlab dalam Memecahkan Kasus Fisika: Dinamika Sistem Massa dan Pegas (Prinsip Nilai dan Vektor Eigen). Software Matlab diaplikasikan dalam pemecahan kasus fisika menggunakan program perhitungan nilai dan vektor eigen. Kasus fisika yang dipecahkan adalah suatu benda yang bergerak secara osilator terdiri dari sistem empat massa dan empat pegas. Tujuan aplikasi program ini adalah untuk menentukan seberapa besar simpangan pegas, sehingga nilai (harga) dan vektor eigen dapat diperoleh. Metode yang dilakukan adalah memanfaatkan persoalan nilai dan vektor eigen untuk menghitung simpangan pegas dalam program Matlab. Pada kasus gerak osilator, penentuan besar masing-masing sistem massa dan konstanta pegas telah ditetapkan sesuai sistem. Persamaan gerak untuk sistem massa dan pegas masing-masing ditinjau setiap titik massa dan fungsi yang digunakan adalah , yang disebut sebagai fungsi anzats, kemudian didiferensialkan dua kali terhadap waktu. Dengan menggunakan aplikasi program Matlab maka hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa dengan memanfaatkan perintah eig (eigen) program matlab dapat menunjukkan secara perhitungan akurat hasil running (eksekusi) nilai dan vektor eigen..Kata Kunci:  Matlab, dinamika, osilator, nilai dan vektor eigen

Optimisasi Penambahan Limbah Drilling Cutting pada Proses Bioremediasi

The company ways to maintain its production of crude oil, by drilling new wells and wells that have done some existing treatments. These activities will generate waste, and called with sludge drilling cutting. Characteristics of drilling cutting waste is similar to petroleum-contaminated soil. Based on the Decree of the Minister of the Environment No. 128 of 2003 on Procedures for the Technical Requirements for Waste Oil and Soil Contaminated by Petroleum Biological, waste oil is classified as hazardous and toxic waste ( B3 ) . One way to improve the quality of petroleum-contaminated soil is bioremediation techniques . In the process of bioremediation, microbes in the soil to degrade hydrocarbons that contaminate the soil. In this study drilling cutting waste is added to the oil- contaminated soil samples, which will be processed in bioremediation using naturally existing microorganisms. The results of the most effective and efficient comparison of the addition of contaminated soil and drilling cutting waste is 3:2 and its supported by the pH value of the sample in neutral pH range ( 6,5 - 7,5 ), because the hydrocarbon degrading bacteria can grow well on the pH

STUDI PENENTUAN STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN PADA DAERAH ZONA ALTERASI DENGAN METODE RESISTIVITAS (TAHANAN JENIS) DI KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL D.I YOGYAKARTA

Research already did by resistivity method (custody species) schlumberger configuration that aim to know of rocks bottom surface structure in alteration zone are district of Gunung Kidul D.I Yogyakarta. Measurement points this research was measured as many as nine sounding points with each disquisition long were 75 m, 100 m and 120 m. the result of interpretation showed that of rocks bottom surface structure in alteration zone area were closed mantle (soil) with resistivity value 9,57 Ωm 14 Ωm on depth (0 – 0,75) m, , clay stone (6,86 – 42,1) Ωm in depth (0 - 9,22) m, sand stone (0,966 – 3,44) Ωm in depth (2,79 – 21,7) m, larva (841 – 1703) Ωm in depth (9,48 - ∞) m. Lava that had alteration was marked by resistivity value which small relative compared with lava which still fresh, this is due to lava which has alteration in area this suspected contain mineral metal so that reisitivity value smaller. lava which had alteration was there in point 1,4 dan 5 with resistivity value 40.5 Ωm – 95.2 Ωm in depth 0 m -∞. While at point 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 there type some structure is: closed mantle (soil), clay stone, sandstone and lava

The Influence of Auditor's Professional Skepticism and Competence on Fraud Detection: the Role of TIME Budget Pressure

This study aims to examine the moderating effect of time budget pressure on the influence of the independent auditor's professional skepticism and competence on fraud detection. This study uses a survey approach in the form of a questionnaire filled by 103 external auditors in Jakarta as respondents. The results indicate that if auditors have a high level of professional skepticism and competence, then the probability of fraud that will be detected is also high. Furthermore, time budget pressure cannot moderate the influence of auditor competence on fraud detection. This means that no matter how tight the time budget pressure that is faced by auditors, as long as they have competence, the detection of fraud by the auditor is still possible. Conversely, the results also show that auditors who have high professional skepticism cannot detect fraud if there is a time budget pressure. The results are expected to provide an input to auditors that they need to give more attention and consideration to the time budget assignment when signing a contract with the client

Distribution of Capillary Transit Times in Isolated Lungs of Oxygen-Tolerant Rats

Rats pre-exposed to 85% O2 for 5–7 days tolerate the otherwise lethal effects of 100% O2. The objective was to evaluate the effect of rat exposure to 85% O2 for 7 days on lung capillary mean transit time (t¯c) and distribution of capillary transit times (h c(t)). This information is important for subsequent evaluation of the effect of this hyperoxia model on the redox metabolic functions of the pulmonary capillary endothelium. The venous concentration vs. time outflow curves of fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran (FITC-dex), an intravascular indicator, and coenzyme Q1 hydroquinone (CoQ1H2), a compound which rapidly equilibrates between blood and tissue on passage through the pulmonary circulation, were measured following their bolus injection into the pulmonary artery of isolated perfused lungs from rats exposed to room air (normoxic) or 85% O2 for 7 days (hyperoxic). The moments (mean transit time and variance) of the measured FITC-dex and CoQ1H2 outflow curves were determined for each lung, and were then used in a mathematical model [Audi et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 77: 332–351, 1994] to estimate t¯c and the relative dispersion (RDc) of h c(t). Data analysis reveals that exposure to hyperoxia decreases lung t¯c by 42% and increases RDc, a measure h c(t) heterogeneity, by 40%

UJI KUALITAS CAMPURAN ABU SEKAM PADI DAN SERBUK ABU ECENG GONDOK SEBAGAI BAHAN AGREGAT HALUS PEMBUATAN BATAKO

This study aimed to compare the effect of adding aggregate rice husk ash and ash hyacinth of compressive strength and water absorption in the brick material, as well as great knowing the composition of the addition of rice husk ash and ash water hyacinth on the brick material. This study uses a beam-shaped test samples with a length of 15 cm, a width of 8 cm and 6 cm high with the addition of fine aggregate composition that varies the normal, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Brick-making with a mixture of sand, cement, water and a mixture of rice husk ash and ash water hyacinth. The drying process is naturally carried out for 28 days. Testing the compressive strength of concrete blocks using forney engine while testing for absorption of water soaking for 24 hours. Based on test results obtained by each parameter is for the compressive strength with samples of rice husk ash (SP) is minimum 24.87 kg / cm2 and the maximum is 98.04 cm / kg2, for ash water hyacinth (EG) as a minimum 65.41 kg / cm2 and the maximum is 111.69 kg / cm2 and the mixing of the two materials (SP + EG) as a minimum 43.53 kg / cm2 and the maximum is 66.56 kg / cm2 (according to ISO standards 03-0349-1989); the value of water absorption of rice husk ash (SP) is minimum 7.30% and maximum 19.32%, for the ash water hyacinth (EG) is minimum 1.21% and maximum 1.33% and for the mixing of the two materials (SP + EG) at a minimum of 8.05 and maximum 13.71 (according to the standard SNI03-0349-1989). Keywords: Brick, Compressive strength, Water absorption, Rice hulls, Water hyacin